Informazione
* Protesta formale della RF di Jugoslavia per il comportamento dei
soldati KFOR durante le perquisizioni a Mitrovica
* Scambio di accuse tra RF di Jugoslavia e NATO ("The Times of
India"/Reuters)
* Pesanti critiche dalla Cina all'atteggiamento di KFOR/UNMIK in Kosmet
* Comunicato del Partito Democratico della Serbia sull'appoggio
statunitense all'irredentismo panalbanese
* Italia: Comunicato di Voce Operaia sulla situazione a Mitrovica
* C'ERANO UNA VOLTA... "Circassians in Kosovo Polje in the Yugoslav
Federation" - storia sconosciuta di una delle comunita' nazionali
spazzate via dal Kosmet per mano dell'UCKFOR
---
STOP NATO: ¡NO PASARAN! - HTTP://WWW.STOPNATO.HOME-PAGE.ORG
YUGOSLAVIA LODGES SHARP PROTEST WITH UN SECURITY COUNCIL
Yugoslavia lodged a sharp protest with the United Nations Security
Council late Monday on the occasion of the latest dramatic developments
in Kosovska Mitrovica which have been caused by ethnic Albanian
terrorists, but also members of the international force KFOR with their
arrogant behavour and brutal action of house-searching Serb districts of
this town in Serbia's Kosovo province.
The letter, sent to Security Council President Arnoldo Listre, the
Argentinian Ambassador, by the head of the Yugoslav mission to the
United Nations, Ambassador Vladislav Jovanovic, most strongly protested
and demanded that the council take immediate measures toward a
normalization of the situation in this town, immediately to curb the
terrorism of ethnic Albanians, vandalism, and lynching and liquidation
of Serbs and other non-Albanians.
The very course of events and building up of tensions confirm that this
is a pre-conceived action in which ethnic Albanians of Kosovska
Mitrovica, led by terrorists of the so-called Kosovo Liberation Army,
were joined by thousands of ethnic Albanians who arrived from Pristina,
the letter said.
It is perfectly clear that the concentrated attack was planned with the
objective of banishing Serbs, Montenegrins, Goranians, Muslims of Slav
extraction, and ethnic Turks from Kosovska Mitrovica, the only remaining
multi-national and multi-confessional town in Kosovo, in order to
complete the process of ethnic cleansing of non-Albanians who live in
isolation in enclaves in this Serbian province, said the letter.
Yugoslavia has already warned the Security Council on previous occasions
against the fiasco and inability of KFOR and UNMIK to realize their
obligations stemming from Resolution 1244, as well as the
Military-Technical Agreement.
In spite of Yugoslavia's warning and the fact that most of the Serb and
non-Albanian population have already been banished from Kosovo,
witnessed by these very same security forces and the civilian mission,
the KFOR and UNMIK have not only failed to do anything to prevent the
terrorism of ethnic Albanians and acts of vandalism, but have very often
been accomplices in these heinous acts.
The latest aggravation of the situation in Kosovska Mitrovica is due to
the totally unprovoked arrogant behaviour of KFOR towards Serbs in that
town, said the letter, proceeding to describe the destructive and brutal
behaviour of KFOR U.S. and German troops who broke down doors and
windows on schools and private houses in their house-search.
The action had evidently been planned in advance. U.S. troops arrived
from Gnjilane, and among them were ethnic Albanians in KFOR U.S.
uniforms, who were recognized by the local population.
Press representatives also appeared to be on the spot, reporting in
Albanian, as well as several crew of foreign TV stations. Leaflets were
dropped from a helicopter, urging Serbs to surrender their allegedly
concealed weapons.
The latest abuse of the about 4,500 Serbs in Kosovska Mitrovica is yet
more proof of the political double standards of the KFOR mission, warned
the letter sent by Yugoslavia to the Security Council.
---
Times of India
Wednesday 23 February 2000
Belgrade dismisses West's allegations on Kosovo
By Julijana Mojsilovic
BELGRADE: Yugoslavia dismissed Western officials' allegations that it
was stoking tensions in and around Kosovo and accused them on Tuesday of
supporting Albanian "terrorists" in the province.
"These people are behind the terrorism and separatism of Kosovo
Albanians. They have created the Kosovo Liberation Army and a crisis in
the Balkans to expand NATO to the region," Yugoslav Information Minister
Goran Matic said.
He was speaking a day after battles broke out between Western
peacekeepers and rioters when thousands of ethnic Albanians tried to
storm across a bridge in the centre of the flashpoint Kosovo city of
Mitrovica to reach the province's largest remaining Serb enclave.
On Sunday, NATO-led KFOR peacekeeping troops clashed with Mitrovica's
Serbs, angered by the troops' search of homes for weapons following
shootings and grenade attacks which killed nine people, both Serbs and
Albanians.
Richard Holbrooke, US ambassador to the UN, said in New York on Monday
that trouble was being fomented by the Yugoslav government, which was
forced by last year's NATO air war to surrender control of Kosovo.
NATO Secretary-General George Robertson said on Monday the military
alliance was also monitoring a Yugoslav troop build-up in other ethnic
Albanian areas of southern Serbia and would not tolerate a new conflict
there.
NATO Supreme Commander General Wesley Clark, visiting Albania, also
expressed concern about the area.
Matic counterattacked by accusing Holbrooke, Robertson and Clark of
wanting to expel remaining Serbs from Mitrovica in order to gain control
of a mine near the city, saying they were "in a gold rush".
"The three are demanding from ethnic Albanians to expel the remaining
non-Albanians from Mitrovica in order to get hold of the richest gold
mine in the Balkans," Matic said.
But it would not succeed, he said, adding that "Serbia is not
California".
He was referring to the Trepca lead and zinc mining complex, which
exploits ore also containing gold and silver. The complex is situated
north of Mitrovica in a Serb-dominated area. Serbia still controls four
of some 17 Trepca mines in Kosovo.
"These people are now doing everything to cover up their crimes," Matic
said of the leaders of NATO countries which took part in the
March-to-June air campaign against Belgrade.
The state news agency Tanjug reported that Yugoslavia lodged a sharp
protest with the UN Security Council late on Monday. "Yugoslavia has
already warned the Security Council on previous occasions against the
fiasco and inability of KFOR and the UN mission in Kosovo to realise
their obligations stemming from resolution 1244 as well as the
Military-Technical Agreement," it quoted the Yugoslav letter as saying.
(Reuters)
---
www.serbia-info.com/news
"Jiefan Jun Bao": West stirs ethnic Albanians up against Serbs
February 23, 2000
Concern for escalation of violation in Kosovo and
Metohija
Beijing, February 22nd - Chinese military daily
"Jiefan Jun Ban" condemned today "incapability of KFOR
and UNMIK in Kosovo" and appealed to the world
community to "prevent ethnic Albanian terrorism under
the auspices of the UN".
Reacting to "the latest separatist actions of ethnic
Albanian separatists in Kosovo, the military daily
warned that "West deliberately stirs up anger of
ethnic Albanians towards the Serbs in
Kosovo-Metohija".
"It is necessary to create the conditions for
political solution of Kosovo issue with full respect
of sovereignty and territorial integrity of FRY and
consistent implementation of the UN Security Council's
Resolution 1244", stressed today Chinese
representative for press Ju Ban Tzao, referring to the
latest wave of crime in Kosovo.
"It is obvious that the situation in Kosovo has
deteriorated since the arrival of the UN military and
civil mission last June", stated Ju, stressing this
was preceded by the NATO aggression against
Yugoslavia, headed by the US.
"The use of force against sovereign Yugoslavia not
only violated the UN Charter and the principles of the
international standards, but also turned out to be
utterly dangerous example of interference with the
interior business of a sovereign country" stated Ju,
expressing "China's deep concern regarding the
escalation of violence in Kosovo".
The military daily points out that "the inclined
policy of KFOR and UNMIK exerted pressure on Serbs and
supported ethnic Albanian extremists which created
additional tension in Kosovo".
"Tolerant attitude of KFOR and UNMIK towards extreme
ethnic Albanians now returns as a boomerang to the UN
military and civil mission in Kosovo" says Jiefan Jun
Bao, reminding that terrorist organization KLA is not
disarmed, but only transformed into so-called "Kosovo
Protective Corps".
"The world community insists on the fact that Kosovo
is an inseparable part of Yugoslavia, which
additionally enraged ethnic Albanian extremists due to
their separatist idea on independent Kosovo",
emphasizes the military paper.
Jiefan Jun Bao reminds that Yugoslavia has warned the
UN that the attacks of ethnic Albanian terrorists to
date have already caused tragic consequences and
victims in Kosovo.
Yugoslavia demands that the Security Council urgently
takes most energetic measures in order to immediately
stop the attacks on unprotected Serb population, says
Jiefan Jun Bao.
Bias of West and incapability of KFOR and UNMIK must
change fundamentally their transparent attitude and
consistently implement the Security Council's
Resolution 1244, otherwise they will face a dead-end
situation in inflamed Kosovo, warns the military
paper.
---
>
>Right-and Albright was just in Tirana on February 19 to meet with
>Hashim Thaci.
>http://news.excite.com/photo/img/r/albania/usa/20000219/tir09
>
>
>inf-@... wrote:
>original article:http://www.egroups.com/group/sorabia/?start=3307
>> Albright, Holbrooke and Clark Lead Albanians
>>
>> NATO and Washington have been warning for days that a solution to the
>> problem in Kosovska Mitrovica must be found. Since the exodus of more
>than
>> 200,000 Serbs and the harassment of those who remained in the
>province
>> resolved the Kosovo issue, Washington believes that the only thing to
>be
>> done is to cleanse the last significant Serb enclave by expelling the
>Serbs
>> from Mitrovica. It is important to note that the Mitrovica enclave is
>the
>> one linking Kosovo with the rest of Serbia. Washington is apparently
>> determined to carry out a U.S. plan in which only an ethnically
>"pure,"
>> Albanian Kosovo can be considered truly multi-ethnic.
>>
>> For that purpose, an Albanian march on Mitrovica was organised. Just
>like it
>> promoted several Albanian terrorists and criminals to high-ranking
>military
>> officers and diplomats in Rambouillet only to demilitarise them later
>and
>> turn them into commanders, political leaders and state dignitaries,
>> Washington has now decided to head the Albanian march on Mitrovica.
>Its true
>> goal is to ethnically cleanse the town of the Serbs rather than
>liberate it.
>>
>> The Albanian masses involved in the campaign on Mitrovica were not
>led by
>> Albanian criminal politicians like Hashim Thaqi, but rather the very
>top of
>> the U.S. diplomatic and military elite. After all that happened in
>Kosovo
>> before the eyes of the whole wide word, Madeleine Albright termed as
>> "tragedy" the events in Mitrovica only. Richard Holbrooke said that
>> Mitrovica was the hottest spot in Europe, and Wesley Clark guaranteed
>that
>> NATO would take "appropriate measures" to avoid the final division of
>> Mitrovica. Thereby, the trio making Washington's iron fist confirmed
>that it
>> was behind the Albanian march and barbarism of U.S. soldiers of KFOR
>in the
>> north of Mitrovica. Tomorrow, it can easily support another "Flash"
>or
>> "Storm" thanks to which Mitrovica would no longer be a divided town.
>To say
>> the truth, it would be a Serbless town, just like the whole of Kosovo
>after
>> all. Those on the Serb side failing to see this are both politically
>blind
>> and irresponsible.
>>
>> Belgrade, February 22, 2000
>>
>> Information Service of the Democratic Party of Serbia
>>
>
>
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>Group Moderator: Ova adresa el. pošte je zaštićena od spambotova. Omogućite JavaScript da biste je videli.
>page at http://www.egroups.com/list/sorabia
>for more informations about current situation in Serbia
http://www.sorabia.home.dhs.org
>
>
---
Comunicato di VOCE OPERAIA
22 febbraio
Uno spettacolo raccapricciante si è consumato a Kosovska Mitrovica sotto
gli occhi di chi li aveva aperti. Issando bandiere albanesi, Nato, UE, e
USA, i seguaci dell¹UCK (frazione Taci) hanno inscenato una marcia per
sradicare dal Kosovo non soli i serbi, ma tutte quelle minoranze,
nazionali e politiche, che rifiutano l¹albanizzazione forzata. Non si
tratta soltanto di ³pulizia etnica², abbiamo a che fare con una pulizia
sociale e politica, di una rappresaglia fanatica dal chiaro segno
reazionario e filo-occidentale. Ci vengono in mente tutti quei pagliacci
di sinistra che durante i bombardamenti NATO, con la scusa di difendere
i diritti albanesi, hanno sostenuto l¹UCK come legittima forza di
liberazione nazionale considerando, proprio come i regimi imperialisti,
il governo di Belgrado come il nemico numero uno. Allora dicevamo a
questo signori che la maggioranza degli albanesi del Kosovo, volenti o
no, erano un popolo di Crumiri (Crumiri, per chi non lo sapesse, erano
qui tunisini schierati coi colonialisti francesi durante la lotta per
l¹indipendenza) i quali, se avessero avuto la meglio, non avrebbero
affatto costruito un Nazione, ma un casino coloniale sotto diretto
protettorato NATO. Questi signori hanno avuto il ben servito.
Lo diciamo così, tanto per la cronaca, non perché speriamo in un loro
ripensamento. L¹autocritica non presuppone solo l¹intelligenza, ma
l¹onestà intellettuale, qualità che hanno lasciato sfracellare al suolo,
assieme alle bombe all¹uranio impoverito sganciate sulla Iugoslavia dai
bombardieri occidentali.
Dichiarazione di Voce Operaia
Sin dal giugno scorso, subito dopo gli Accordi di pace di Kumanovo, le
milizie dell¹UCK, sotto l¹ombrello e l¹indifferenza delle truppe
NATO-Kfor, hanno dato una sistematica caccia ai cittadini serbi, rom,
gorani (e albanesi anti-UCK), provocando la loro espulsione in massa dal
Kosovo. Questa vendetta, che ha gia¹ provocato centinaia di morti
e migliaia di feriti, contrariamente a quanto affermano i reticenti e
pudici mass media, non e¹ soltanto una ³pulizia etnica², èla seconda
fase della guerra civile che contrappone il nazionalismo kosovaro
filo-NATO e filo-USA a TUTTI coloro che si rifiutano di sottomettersi
alla supremazia dei nazionalisti più fanatici e di trasformare il
Kosovo e la Iugoslavia in protettorati della NATO.
Costretti a vivere in piccole enclaves, i serbi sono stati costretti,
anche a causa della complicita¹ delle truppe occidentali con i miliziani
dell¹UCK, ad autodifendersi per non soccombere. Nelle ultime settimane
la pressione dei nazionalisti albanesi oltranzisti si è concentrata su
Kosovska Mitrovica dove vivono, nel settore nord, assieme alla comunità
serba, rom, albanesi e altre minoranze. Queste comunita¹ dopo essere
state sottoposte ad ogni tipo di vessazione e umiliazione, sono state
fatte bersaglio di attacchi armati sanguinosi che hanno causato, nelle
ultime settimane, decine di morti. Le truppe Kfor hanno lasciato correre
e sono intervenute in forze solo quando gruppi armati serbi hanno
inflitto colpi pesantissimi alle forze UCK decidendo la chiusura del
ponte che collega le due parti della citta¹. La comunita¹ serba non
puo¹ essere lasciata sola: piaccia o no essa e¹ ora un avamposto non
solo cotro l¹UCK, ma pure contro l¹occupante NATO!
E¹ una trincea nella lotta contro l¹imperialismo!
Intenzionati a spazzare via ogni serbo dal Kosovo, i centri dirigenti
dell¹UCK dell¹ala di Taci, da Pristina, hanno cosi¹ ordinato una marcia
su Kosovska Mitrovica con l¹obbiettivo di occupare la parte nord della
citta¹. I manifestanti, tanto per far capire con chi stanno e in chi
sperano, innalzavano numerose bandiere degli USA, della NATO e della
Gran Bretagna e gridavano slogan invocando un piu¹ deciso impegno
nord-americano in Kosovo per fare piazza pulita dei serbi.
Nel momento in cui la marcia si avvicinava a Kosovska Mitrovica, le
truppe NATO sono state poste nella massima allerta, anche perche¹ quelle
iugoslave avevano fatto altrettanto ammassandosi ai bordi del Kosovo. Le
notizie dell¹ultima ora segnalano che la marcia degli albanesi,
attestatasi sul ponte oltre il quale centinaia di serbi formavano un
presidio, ha fatto dietrofront anche grazie all¹interposizione delle
truppe NATO-Kfor. Il peggio e¹ stato dunque per ora evitato. Ma solo
per ora.
E¹ infatti evidente che in Kosovo la NATO non ha mantenuto alcuna sua
promessa: non c¹è pace, non c¹è alcuna convivenza,
non c¹è alcuna tolleranza multietnica. Cio¹ a causa anzitutto del
tentativo degli albanesi UCK di cacciare tutti gli oppositori, tra cui i
serbi. E non ci sara¹ mai fino a quando la NATO continuera¹ a
sostenerli. E¹ infatti nell¹interesse della NATO che il Kosovo sia
ingovernabile, cosi¹ si potra¹ giusitificare un¹occupazione militare
permanente.
E questo e¹ l¹altro fattore devastante: la NATO non vuole rispettare gli
Accordi di pace (che prevedono che il Kosovo sia riconsegnato alle
autorita¹ iugoslave). Cio¹ portera¹ ad una nuova esplosione del
conflitto, poiche¹ il governo di Belgrado, almeno fino a quando non
cadra¹ in mano alle opposizioni filo-occidentali, e¹ deciso a far
rispettare gli accordi del giugno 1999.
Non ci sara¹ pace nei Balcani fino a quando la NATO vorra¹ imporre il
suo dominio!
PRIMO COMPITO:
RISPETTARE GLI ACCORDI DI KUMANOVO! FUORI LA NATO DALLA IUGOSLAVIA E
DAI BALCANI!
Non ci sara¹ pace fino a quando ogni nazione non avrà dignità e il
diritto di autodeterminarsi su basi
democratiche!
SECONDO COMPITO:
AUTODETERMINAZIONE IN UNA FEDERAZIONE ANTIMPERIALISTA!
Ci sara¹ pace solo quando saliranno al potere governi operai e popolari
e tutte le cricche capitaliste
saranno spazzate via!
TERZO COMPITO:
LOTTARE PER IL SOCIALISMO!
(per contatti: voceoperaia@...)
=============================================================
STOP NATO: ¡NO PASARAN! - HTTP://WWW.STOPNATO.HOME-PAGE.ORG
Predrag Tosic <p-tosic@...> wrote
> Meaning, basically, of the same origin as the Basques?
You're right, Predrag. Also, the Iberian, pre-Roman, component is still
present in Spanish and
Portuguese (correct me, João, if I am wrong) languages: sounds as the
typical double /RR/, so
unpronounceable for english speaking people, for example.
>
> Frankly, I did tend to believe that most of the NORTH Caucasus
> indigenous peoples were Turkophonic.
You can have a look to this map, about Ethnography in the North
Caucasus.
http://www.geocities.com/SouthBeach/Marina/6150/ethno.jpg
>
> What other modern nations/ethnos belong to this group?
You can find Circassians (Cherkess) in Jordan (they are becoming a
powerful lobby group) and
Syria, but no longer in places as Kosovo Polje because they were forced
to leave to the Republic of
Adigeya (their ancestral homeland), inside Russian Federation, "thanks"
Albanian terrorism.
>
I enclose a pretty good article from a good Jordan friend.
------------------------
Circassians in Kosovo Polje in the Yugoslav Federation
The following article was extracted from "Les Tcherkesses du Kosovo
Polje en Yougoslavie" by
Niko Zupanic in The Journal of The International Institute of
Anthropology, the Paris session, first
section. It was translated and edited by Amjad Jaimoukhaf, a Circassian
intellectual from Jordan.
The ethnographers and historians are aware that the homeland of the
Circassians is along the
basin of the Kuban river in Ciscaucasia. They inhabited the
north-western part of the Caucasus.
The Circassians were divided into many tribes that spoke mutually
intelligible dialects:
Natuqwazh, Shapsugh, Abzakh, Bzhadugh, Hatuqwai, Beslanay, Mokhosh,
Temirgoy, Zhanay,
Egherukoy, Ubykh and Kabarday.
Their collective name was probably corrupted by the Turks from the
ancient Greek name
'kerxetai'. In the middle ages, the Russians used to refer to them by
the name Kossogh, which is
related to Kasag, the name by which the Ossetians call the Kabardians,
but also the Circassians
in general. The self designation of the Circassians is Adygha, which is
believed by linguists to be
related to the old name Zyghoy (strabon). It is believed that the
'Iazyghi', who were installed in
the territory between the rivers Tisa (Theiss) and the Danube not long
after the birth of Christ,
were a group of Zyghoy from the Caucasus, which name was transformed in
European Sarmatia by
adding first the prefix a- and then ia-.
The Circassians were until the 13th century a.d. pagan and free. They
were then subjugated by the
Georgians and christianised. In the first half of the 15th century they
overthrew the Georgian yoke,
but they were in continuous battle with the Tatars and they lost their
territory in the north.
Towards the middle of the 16th century the Kuban became their northern
frontier, because in 1570,
Ghirai, the khan of the Tatars, defeated them in a battle on the banks
of middle Kuban and forced
them to embrace Islam. Until that time, the Circassians settlements
stretched northwards to the
river Kama and some scattered groups were even found as far as the mouth
of the don.
The Circassians switched their religious allegiance very easily
according to the circumstances.
They had a superficial knowledge of Christianity and they were a mixture
of semi-pagans,
demi-muslims and some Christians.
The Circassians have always been distinguished by their intrepidity and
equine skills. They strictly
observed a code of hospitality and blood vengeance. The songs and tales
of the east celebrate the
beauty of Circassians maidens.
The Circassians put up a fierce resistance in their war with the
Russians, but they were eventually
defeated in 1864. Many of them were forced to leave their country and
resettle in the ottoman
empire: in Syria, Asia minor and the Balkan peninsula. Only a few
remained in their homeland,
about 110,000 people.
The majority of the Circassians who were established in the Balkan
peninsula were sent by the
ottoman authorities to the frontiers of the ancient duchy of Serbia to
reinforce its position there
and to terrorise the Serbs. During that time the Circassians were
established in Kosovo Polje
where the author visited them in 1924 and 1929. He counted about fifty
families, or about 250
people, for the majority had left for Asia minor and Syria.
The Circassians are very interesting for the Serbs, because the first
bearers of the name Serb
were aboriginal in the Caucasus, probably Circassians who crossed the
don at the time of the great
Sarmatian migration, together with the Ants, the Zichi (Kissi), the
Chorvats, the Vals, etc. They
co-mingled with the Slavs and established the first tribal
organisations. Undoubtedly these
Caucaso-sarmatian horsemen were assimilated in the mass of the Slav
population, but the names
of the tribes and the primitive structure of the state still exist to
this day.
>From their original Slav homeland at the confluence of the upper and middle Dniepr and of the
Pripet and the Boug, the Serbs immigrated to the confluence of the
middle Elbe and the Saale,
whence a group, which had a military organisation, resettled in Illyria
[NOTE from Javier: it's
pathetic the way Kosovo Albanian are trying to fake History, claiming
themselves to be
"descendants of the ancient Illyrian tribe of the Dardanians". See
http://www.unpo.org/member/kosova/kosova.html ] It was probably in 626
a.d., when
Constantinopla was besieged by the Avars and the Persians, that
Hercules, the Byzantine emperor
implored Samo, the Grand Duke of the Slavs, for help. The Croats and the
Serbs moved to the
Balkan peninsula, attacked the Avars from behind, delivered the Slavs
(Yugoslavs) who were
living there and saved Constantinopla, the Byzantine empire and eastern
Christendom.
After defeating the Avars, the Serbs established themselves in the
interior of Illyria at the lower
end of the indigenous Slavs. At their arrival in Illyria, the Serbs
spoke the same language as the
Serbs of Lusace, but being fewer in number than the native population,
they were linguistically
assimilated and they lost their north-west Slavic language.
The Circassians, who used to be one of the three principal nations in
the Caucasus, speak a
Japhetic language, which is not related to any other language group.
This means that they are not
Aryan, since these speak Indo-European languages. They may be allied to
the Basques in the
Pyrenees, who, before the advent of the Indo-Europeans, formed one
section of an organic chain
of related nations that stretched from Spain to the Caucasus. Those
nations were the Iberians, the
Legurs, the Etruscans, the Rets, the Pelasgians (an ancient pre-Aryan
race, which used to be
widely spread over the coasts and islands of the eastern Mediterranean
and Aegean, and believed
to have occupied Greece before the Hellenes), the Kars, the
Cappadochians, the Amazons (a race
of female warriors alleged to have existed in Scythia) , the Khalybs,
the Colchians, etc. These
peoples were violently replaced by the Indo-Europeans.
The circassians in Kosovo Polje are to be found in the following
villages: Gornje Stanovce, Donje
Stanovce, Velika Reka and Milosevo. Before the Turko-Serbian war of
1877-1878, there were
about 12,000 Circassians in the region. After the war the overwhelming
majority immigrated to
Syria and Asia minor. In 1912 and 1918 more people moved out, and the
author estimated that there
were only 250 circassians in the province by 1929. The present
population is estimated at 1,000.
References:
1. Niko Zupanic, 'Les Origines des Serbes', the origins of the Serbs.
Second session of the
International Institute of anthropology, pp. 227-229. Paris, 1926.
2. Niko Zupanic, 'Bela Srbija'. Zagreb, 1922; Les Serbes a Srbciste
(Macedoine), au vii siecle.
Extrait du Byzantion, t. Iv, p. 277-280. Liege, 1929.
3. T. R. Djordjevic, 'Cerkezi u Nasoj Zemlji', the circassians on our
territory. Glasnik Skopskog
Naucnog Drustva, t. Iii, p. 143. Skoplje, 1928.
------------
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
soldati KFOR durante le perquisizioni a Mitrovica
* Scambio di accuse tra RF di Jugoslavia e NATO ("The Times of
India"/Reuters)
* Pesanti critiche dalla Cina all'atteggiamento di KFOR/UNMIK in Kosmet
* Comunicato del Partito Democratico della Serbia sull'appoggio
statunitense all'irredentismo panalbanese
* Italia: Comunicato di Voce Operaia sulla situazione a Mitrovica
* C'ERANO UNA VOLTA... "Circassians in Kosovo Polje in the Yugoslav
Federation" - storia sconosciuta di una delle comunita' nazionali
spazzate via dal Kosmet per mano dell'UCKFOR
---
STOP NATO: ¡NO PASARAN! - HTTP://WWW.STOPNATO.HOME-PAGE.ORG
YUGOSLAVIA LODGES SHARP PROTEST WITH UN SECURITY COUNCIL
Yugoslavia lodged a sharp protest with the United Nations Security
Council late Monday on the occasion of the latest dramatic developments
in Kosovska Mitrovica which have been caused by ethnic Albanian
terrorists, but also members of the international force KFOR with their
arrogant behavour and brutal action of house-searching Serb districts of
this town in Serbia's Kosovo province.
The letter, sent to Security Council President Arnoldo Listre, the
Argentinian Ambassador, by the head of the Yugoslav mission to the
United Nations, Ambassador Vladislav Jovanovic, most strongly protested
and demanded that the council take immediate measures toward a
normalization of the situation in this town, immediately to curb the
terrorism of ethnic Albanians, vandalism, and lynching and liquidation
of Serbs and other non-Albanians.
The very course of events and building up of tensions confirm that this
is a pre-conceived action in which ethnic Albanians of Kosovska
Mitrovica, led by terrorists of the so-called Kosovo Liberation Army,
were joined by thousands of ethnic Albanians who arrived from Pristina,
the letter said.
It is perfectly clear that the concentrated attack was planned with the
objective of banishing Serbs, Montenegrins, Goranians, Muslims of Slav
extraction, and ethnic Turks from Kosovska Mitrovica, the only remaining
multi-national and multi-confessional town in Kosovo, in order to
complete the process of ethnic cleansing of non-Albanians who live in
isolation in enclaves in this Serbian province, said the letter.
Yugoslavia has already warned the Security Council on previous occasions
against the fiasco and inability of KFOR and UNMIK to realize their
obligations stemming from Resolution 1244, as well as the
Military-Technical Agreement.
In spite of Yugoslavia's warning and the fact that most of the Serb and
non-Albanian population have already been banished from Kosovo,
witnessed by these very same security forces and the civilian mission,
the KFOR and UNMIK have not only failed to do anything to prevent the
terrorism of ethnic Albanians and acts of vandalism, but have very often
been accomplices in these heinous acts.
The latest aggravation of the situation in Kosovska Mitrovica is due to
the totally unprovoked arrogant behaviour of KFOR towards Serbs in that
town, said the letter, proceeding to describe the destructive and brutal
behaviour of KFOR U.S. and German troops who broke down doors and
windows on schools and private houses in their house-search.
The action had evidently been planned in advance. U.S. troops arrived
from Gnjilane, and among them were ethnic Albanians in KFOR U.S.
uniforms, who were recognized by the local population.
Press representatives also appeared to be on the spot, reporting in
Albanian, as well as several crew of foreign TV stations. Leaflets were
dropped from a helicopter, urging Serbs to surrender their allegedly
concealed weapons.
The latest abuse of the about 4,500 Serbs in Kosovska Mitrovica is yet
more proof of the political double standards of the KFOR mission, warned
the letter sent by Yugoslavia to the Security Council.
---
Times of India
Wednesday 23 February 2000
Belgrade dismisses West's allegations on Kosovo
By Julijana Mojsilovic
BELGRADE: Yugoslavia dismissed Western officials' allegations that it
was stoking tensions in and around Kosovo and accused them on Tuesday of
supporting Albanian "terrorists" in the province.
"These people are behind the terrorism and separatism of Kosovo
Albanians. They have created the Kosovo Liberation Army and a crisis in
the Balkans to expand NATO to the region," Yugoslav Information Minister
Goran Matic said.
He was speaking a day after battles broke out between Western
peacekeepers and rioters when thousands of ethnic Albanians tried to
storm across a bridge in the centre of the flashpoint Kosovo city of
Mitrovica to reach the province's largest remaining Serb enclave.
On Sunday, NATO-led KFOR peacekeeping troops clashed with Mitrovica's
Serbs, angered by the troops' search of homes for weapons following
shootings and grenade attacks which killed nine people, both Serbs and
Albanians.
Richard Holbrooke, US ambassador to the UN, said in New York on Monday
that trouble was being fomented by the Yugoslav government, which was
forced by last year's NATO air war to surrender control of Kosovo.
NATO Secretary-General George Robertson said on Monday the military
alliance was also monitoring a Yugoslav troop build-up in other ethnic
Albanian areas of southern Serbia and would not tolerate a new conflict
there.
NATO Supreme Commander General Wesley Clark, visiting Albania, also
expressed concern about the area.
Matic counterattacked by accusing Holbrooke, Robertson and Clark of
wanting to expel remaining Serbs from Mitrovica in order to gain control
of a mine near the city, saying they were "in a gold rush".
"The three are demanding from ethnic Albanians to expel the remaining
non-Albanians from Mitrovica in order to get hold of the richest gold
mine in the Balkans," Matic said.
But it would not succeed, he said, adding that "Serbia is not
California".
He was referring to the Trepca lead and zinc mining complex, which
exploits ore also containing gold and silver. The complex is situated
north of Mitrovica in a Serb-dominated area. Serbia still controls four
of some 17 Trepca mines in Kosovo.
"These people are now doing everything to cover up their crimes," Matic
said of the leaders of NATO countries which took part in the
March-to-June air campaign against Belgrade.
The state news agency Tanjug reported that Yugoslavia lodged a sharp
protest with the UN Security Council late on Monday. "Yugoslavia has
already warned the Security Council on previous occasions against the
fiasco and inability of KFOR and the UN mission in Kosovo to realise
their obligations stemming from resolution 1244 as well as the
Military-Technical Agreement," it quoted the Yugoslav letter as saying.
(Reuters)
---
www.serbia-info.com/news
"Jiefan Jun Bao": West stirs ethnic Albanians up against Serbs
February 23, 2000
Concern for escalation of violation in Kosovo and
Metohija
Beijing, February 22nd - Chinese military daily
"Jiefan Jun Ban" condemned today "incapability of KFOR
and UNMIK in Kosovo" and appealed to the world
community to "prevent ethnic Albanian terrorism under
the auspices of the UN".
Reacting to "the latest separatist actions of ethnic
Albanian separatists in Kosovo, the military daily
warned that "West deliberately stirs up anger of
ethnic Albanians towards the Serbs in
Kosovo-Metohija".
"It is necessary to create the conditions for
political solution of Kosovo issue with full respect
of sovereignty and territorial integrity of FRY and
consistent implementation of the UN Security Council's
Resolution 1244", stressed today Chinese
representative for press Ju Ban Tzao, referring to the
latest wave of crime in Kosovo.
"It is obvious that the situation in Kosovo has
deteriorated since the arrival of the UN military and
civil mission last June", stated Ju, stressing this
was preceded by the NATO aggression against
Yugoslavia, headed by the US.
"The use of force against sovereign Yugoslavia not
only violated the UN Charter and the principles of the
international standards, but also turned out to be
utterly dangerous example of interference with the
interior business of a sovereign country" stated Ju,
expressing "China's deep concern regarding the
escalation of violence in Kosovo".
The military daily points out that "the inclined
policy of KFOR and UNMIK exerted pressure on Serbs and
supported ethnic Albanian extremists which created
additional tension in Kosovo".
"Tolerant attitude of KFOR and UNMIK towards extreme
ethnic Albanians now returns as a boomerang to the UN
military and civil mission in Kosovo" says Jiefan Jun
Bao, reminding that terrorist organization KLA is not
disarmed, but only transformed into so-called "Kosovo
Protective Corps".
"The world community insists on the fact that Kosovo
is an inseparable part of Yugoslavia, which
additionally enraged ethnic Albanian extremists due to
their separatist idea on independent Kosovo",
emphasizes the military paper.
Jiefan Jun Bao reminds that Yugoslavia has warned the
UN that the attacks of ethnic Albanian terrorists to
date have already caused tragic consequences and
victims in Kosovo.
Yugoslavia demands that the Security Council urgently
takes most energetic measures in order to immediately
stop the attacks on unprotected Serb population, says
Jiefan Jun Bao.
Bias of West and incapability of KFOR and UNMIK must
change fundamentally their transparent attitude and
consistently implement the Security Council's
Resolution 1244, otherwise they will face a dead-end
situation in inflamed Kosovo, warns the military
paper.
---
>
>Right-and Albright was just in Tirana on February 19 to meet with
>Hashim Thaci.
>http://news.excite.com/photo/img/r/albania/usa/20000219/tir09
>
>
>inf-@... wrote:
>original article:http://www.egroups.com/group/sorabia/?start=3307
>> Albright, Holbrooke and Clark Lead Albanians
>>
>> NATO and Washington have been warning for days that a solution to the
>> problem in Kosovska Mitrovica must be found. Since the exodus of more
>than
>> 200,000 Serbs and the harassment of those who remained in the
>province
>> resolved the Kosovo issue, Washington believes that the only thing to
>be
>> done is to cleanse the last significant Serb enclave by expelling the
>Serbs
>> from Mitrovica. It is important to note that the Mitrovica enclave is
>the
>> one linking Kosovo with the rest of Serbia. Washington is apparently
>> determined to carry out a U.S. plan in which only an ethnically
>"pure,"
>> Albanian Kosovo can be considered truly multi-ethnic.
>>
>> For that purpose, an Albanian march on Mitrovica was organised. Just
>like it
>> promoted several Albanian terrorists and criminals to high-ranking
>military
>> officers and diplomats in Rambouillet only to demilitarise them later
>and
>> turn them into commanders, political leaders and state dignitaries,
>> Washington has now decided to head the Albanian march on Mitrovica.
>Its true
>> goal is to ethnically cleanse the town of the Serbs rather than
>liberate it.
>>
>> The Albanian masses involved in the campaign on Mitrovica were not
>led by
>> Albanian criminal politicians like Hashim Thaqi, but rather the very
>top of
>> the U.S. diplomatic and military elite. After all that happened in
>Kosovo
>> before the eyes of the whole wide word, Madeleine Albright termed as
>> "tragedy" the events in Mitrovica only. Richard Holbrooke said that
>> Mitrovica was the hottest spot in Europe, and Wesley Clark guaranteed
>that
>> NATO would take "appropriate measures" to avoid the final division of
>> Mitrovica. Thereby, the trio making Washington's iron fist confirmed
>that it
>> was behind the Albanian march and barbarism of U.S. soldiers of KFOR
>in the
>> north of Mitrovica. Tomorrow, it can easily support another "Flash"
>or
>> "Storm" thanks to which Mitrovica would no longer be a divided town.
>To say
>> the truth, it would be a Serbless town, just like the whole of Kosovo
>after
>> all. Those on the Serb side failing to see this are both politically
>blind
>> and irresponsible.
>>
>> Belgrade, February 22, 2000
>>
>> Information Service of the Democratic Party of Serbia
>>
>
>
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>Group Moderator: Ova adresa el. pošte je zaštićena od spambotova. Omogućite JavaScript da biste je videli.
>page at http://www.egroups.com/list/sorabia
>for more informations about current situation in Serbia
http://www.sorabia.home.dhs.org
>
>
---
Comunicato di VOCE OPERAIA
22 febbraio
Uno spettacolo raccapricciante si è consumato a Kosovska Mitrovica sotto
gli occhi di chi li aveva aperti. Issando bandiere albanesi, Nato, UE, e
USA, i seguaci dell¹UCK (frazione Taci) hanno inscenato una marcia per
sradicare dal Kosovo non soli i serbi, ma tutte quelle minoranze,
nazionali e politiche, che rifiutano l¹albanizzazione forzata. Non si
tratta soltanto di ³pulizia etnica², abbiamo a che fare con una pulizia
sociale e politica, di una rappresaglia fanatica dal chiaro segno
reazionario e filo-occidentale. Ci vengono in mente tutti quei pagliacci
di sinistra che durante i bombardamenti NATO, con la scusa di difendere
i diritti albanesi, hanno sostenuto l¹UCK come legittima forza di
liberazione nazionale considerando, proprio come i regimi imperialisti,
il governo di Belgrado come il nemico numero uno. Allora dicevamo a
questo signori che la maggioranza degli albanesi del Kosovo, volenti o
no, erano un popolo di Crumiri (Crumiri, per chi non lo sapesse, erano
qui tunisini schierati coi colonialisti francesi durante la lotta per
l¹indipendenza) i quali, se avessero avuto la meglio, non avrebbero
affatto costruito un Nazione, ma un casino coloniale sotto diretto
protettorato NATO. Questi signori hanno avuto il ben servito.
Lo diciamo così, tanto per la cronaca, non perché speriamo in un loro
ripensamento. L¹autocritica non presuppone solo l¹intelligenza, ma
l¹onestà intellettuale, qualità che hanno lasciato sfracellare al suolo,
assieme alle bombe all¹uranio impoverito sganciate sulla Iugoslavia dai
bombardieri occidentali.
Dichiarazione di Voce Operaia
Sin dal giugno scorso, subito dopo gli Accordi di pace di Kumanovo, le
milizie dell¹UCK, sotto l¹ombrello e l¹indifferenza delle truppe
NATO-Kfor, hanno dato una sistematica caccia ai cittadini serbi, rom,
gorani (e albanesi anti-UCK), provocando la loro espulsione in massa dal
Kosovo. Questa vendetta, che ha gia¹ provocato centinaia di morti
e migliaia di feriti, contrariamente a quanto affermano i reticenti e
pudici mass media, non e¹ soltanto una ³pulizia etnica², èla seconda
fase della guerra civile che contrappone il nazionalismo kosovaro
filo-NATO e filo-USA a TUTTI coloro che si rifiutano di sottomettersi
alla supremazia dei nazionalisti più fanatici e di trasformare il
Kosovo e la Iugoslavia in protettorati della NATO.
Costretti a vivere in piccole enclaves, i serbi sono stati costretti,
anche a causa della complicita¹ delle truppe occidentali con i miliziani
dell¹UCK, ad autodifendersi per non soccombere. Nelle ultime settimane
la pressione dei nazionalisti albanesi oltranzisti si è concentrata su
Kosovska Mitrovica dove vivono, nel settore nord, assieme alla comunità
serba, rom, albanesi e altre minoranze. Queste comunita¹ dopo essere
state sottoposte ad ogni tipo di vessazione e umiliazione, sono state
fatte bersaglio di attacchi armati sanguinosi che hanno causato, nelle
ultime settimane, decine di morti. Le truppe Kfor hanno lasciato correre
e sono intervenute in forze solo quando gruppi armati serbi hanno
inflitto colpi pesantissimi alle forze UCK decidendo la chiusura del
ponte che collega le due parti della citta¹. La comunita¹ serba non
puo¹ essere lasciata sola: piaccia o no essa e¹ ora un avamposto non
solo cotro l¹UCK, ma pure contro l¹occupante NATO!
E¹ una trincea nella lotta contro l¹imperialismo!
Intenzionati a spazzare via ogni serbo dal Kosovo, i centri dirigenti
dell¹UCK dell¹ala di Taci, da Pristina, hanno cosi¹ ordinato una marcia
su Kosovska Mitrovica con l¹obbiettivo di occupare la parte nord della
citta¹. I manifestanti, tanto per far capire con chi stanno e in chi
sperano, innalzavano numerose bandiere degli USA, della NATO e della
Gran Bretagna e gridavano slogan invocando un piu¹ deciso impegno
nord-americano in Kosovo per fare piazza pulita dei serbi.
Nel momento in cui la marcia si avvicinava a Kosovska Mitrovica, le
truppe NATO sono state poste nella massima allerta, anche perche¹ quelle
iugoslave avevano fatto altrettanto ammassandosi ai bordi del Kosovo. Le
notizie dell¹ultima ora segnalano che la marcia degli albanesi,
attestatasi sul ponte oltre il quale centinaia di serbi formavano un
presidio, ha fatto dietrofront anche grazie all¹interposizione delle
truppe NATO-Kfor. Il peggio e¹ stato dunque per ora evitato. Ma solo
per ora.
E¹ infatti evidente che in Kosovo la NATO non ha mantenuto alcuna sua
promessa: non c¹è pace, non c¹è alcuna convivenza,
non c¹è alcuna tolleranza multietnica. Cio¹ a causa anzitutto del
tentativo degli albanesi UCK di cacciare tutti gli oppositori, tra cui i
serbi. E non ci sara¹ mai fino a quando la NATO continuera¹ a
sostenerli. E¹ infatti nell¹interesse della NATO che il Kosovo sia
ingovernabile, cosi¹ si potra¹ giusitificare un¹occupazione militare
permanente.
E questo e¹ l¹altro fattore devastante: la NATO non vuole rispettare gli
Accordi di pace (che prevedono che il Kosovo sia riconsegnato alle
autorita¹ iugoslave). Cio¹ portera¹ ad una nuova esplosione del
conflitto, poiche¹ il governo di Belgrado, almeno fino a quando non
cadra¹ in mano alle opposizioni filo-occidentali, e¹ deciso a far
rispettare gli accordi del giugno 1999.
Non ci sara¹ pace nei Balcani fino a quando la NATO vorra¹ imporre il
suo dominio!
PRIMO COMPITO:
RISPETTARE GLI ACCORDI DI KUMANOVO! FUORI LA NATO DALLA IUGOSLAVIA E
DAI BALCANI!
Non ci sara¹ pace fino a quando ogni nazione non avrà dignità e il
diritto di autodeterminarsi su basi
democratiche!
SECONDO COMPITO:
AUTODETERMINAZIONE IN UNA FEDERAZIONE ANTIMPERIALISTA!
Ci sara¹ pace solo quando saliranno al potere governi operai e popolari
e tutte le cricche capitaliste
saranno spazzate via!
TERZO COMPITO:
LOTTARE PER IL SOCIALISMO!
(per contatti: voceoperaia@...)
=============================================================
STOP NATO: ¡NO PASARAN! - HTTP://WWW.STOPNATO.HOME-PAGE.ORG
Predrag Tosic <p-tosic@...> wrote
> Meaning, basically, of the same origin as the Basques?
You're right, Predrag. Also, the Iberian, pre-Roman, component is still
present in Spanish and
Portuguese (correct me, João, if I am wrong) languages: sounds as the
typical double /RR/, so
unpronounceable for english speaking people, for example.
>
> Frankly, I did tend to believe that most of the NORTH Caucasus
> indigenous peoples were Turkophonic.
You can have a look to this map, about Ethnography in the North
Caucasus.
http://www.geocities.com/SouthBeach/Marina/6150/ethno.jpg
>
> What other modern nations/ethnos belong to this group?
You can find Circassians (Cherkess) in Jordan (they are becoming a
powerful lobby group) and
Syria, but no longer in places as Kosovo Polje because they were forced
to leave to the Republic of
Adigeya (their ancestral homeland), inside Russian Federation, "thanks"
Albanian terrorism.
>
I enclose a pretty good article from a good Jordan friend.
------------------------
Circassians in Kosovo Polje in the Yugoslav Federation
The following article was extracted from "Les Tcherkesses du Kosovo
Polje en Yougoslavie" by
Niko Zupanic in The Journal of The International Institute of
Anthropology, the Paris session, first
section. It was translated and edited by Amjad Jaimoukhaf, a Circassian
intellectual from Jordan.
The ethnographers and historians are aware that the homeland of the
Circassians is along the
basin of the Kuban river in Ciscaucasia. They inhabited the
north-western part of the Caucasus.
The Circassians were divided into many tribes that spoke mutually
intelligible dialects:
Natuqwazh, Shapsugh, Abzakh, Bzhadugh, Hatuqwai, Beslanay, Mokhosh,
Temirgoy, Zhanay,
Egherukoy, Ubykh and Kabarday.
Their collective name was probably corrupted by the Turks from the
ancient Greek name
'kerxetai'. In the middle ages, the Russians used to refer to them by
the name Kossogh, which is
related to Kasag, the name by which the Ossetians call the Kabardians,
but also the Circassians
in general. The self designation of the Circassians is Adygha, which is
believed by linguists to be
related to the old name Zyghoy (strabon). It is believed that the
'Iazyghi', who were installed in
the territory between the rivers Tisa (Theiss) and the Danube not long
after the birth of Christ,
were a group of Zyghoy from the Caucasus, which name was transformed in
European Sarmatia by
adding first the prefix a- and then ia-.
The Circassians were until the 13th century a.d. pagan and free. They
were then subjugated by the
Georgians and christianised. In the first half of the 15th century they
overthrew the Georgian yoke,
but they were in continuous battle with the Tatars and they lost their
territory in the north.
Towards the middle of the 16th century the Kuban became their northern
frontier, because in 1570,
Ghirai, the khan of the Tatars, defeated them in a battle on the banks
of middle Kuban and forced
them to embrace Islam. Until that time, the Circassians settlements
stretched northwards to the
river Kama and some scattered groups were even found as far as the mouth
of the don.
The Circassians switched their religious allegiance very easily
according to the circumstances.
They had a superficial knowledge of Christianity and they were a mixture
of semi-pagans,
demi-muslims and some Christians.
The Circassians have always been distinguished by their intrepidity and
equine skills. They strictly
observed a code of hospitality and blood vengeance. The songs and tales
of the east celebrate the
beauty of Circassians maidens.
The Circassians put up a fierce resistance in their war with the
Russians, but they were eventually
defeated in 1864. Many of them were forced to leave their country and
resettle in the ottoman
empire: in Syria, Asia minor and the Balkan peninsula. Only a few
remained in their homeland,
about 110,000 people.
The majority of the Circassians who were established in the Balkan
peninsula were sent by the
ottoman authorities to the frontiers of the ancient duchy of Serbia to
reinforce its position there
and to terrorise the Serbs. During that time the Circassians were
established in Kosovo Polje
where the author visited them in 1924 and 1929. He counted about fifty
families, or about 250
people, for the majority had left for Asia minor and Syria.
The Circassians are very interesting for the Serbs, because the first
bearers of the name Serb
were aboriginal in the Caucasus, probably Circassians who crossed the
don at the time of the great
Sarmatian migration, together with the Ants, the Zichi (Kissi), the
Chorvats, the Vals, etc. They
co-mingled with the Slavs and established the first tribal
organisations. Undoubtedly these
Caucaso-sarmatian horsemen were assimilated in the mass of the Slav
population, but the names
of the tribes and the primitive structure of the state still exist to
this day.
>From their original Slav homeland at the confluence of the upper and middle Dniepr and of the
Pripet and the Boug, the Serbs immigrated to the confluence of the
middle Elbe and the Saale,
whence a group, which had a military organisation, resettled in Illyria
[NOTE from Javier: it's
pathetic the way Kosovo Albanian are trying to fake History, claiming
themselves to be
"descendants of the ancient Illyrian tribe of the Dardanians". See
http://www.unpo.org/member/kosova/kosova.html ] It was probably in 626
a.d., when
Constantinopla was besieged by the Avars and the Persians, that
Hercules, the Byzantine emperor
implored Samo, the Grand Duke of the Slavs, for help. The Croats and the
Serbs moved to the
Balkan peninsula, attacked the Avars from behind, delivered the Slavs
(Yugoslavs) who were
living there and saved Constantinopla, the Byzantine empire and eastern
Christendom.
After defeating the Avars, the Serbs established themselves in the
interior of Illyria at the lower
end of the indigenous Slavs. At their arrival in Illyria, the Serbs
spoke the same language as the
Serbs of Lusace, but being fewer in number than the native population,
they were linguistically
assimilated and they lost their north-west Slavic language.
The Circassians, who used to be one of the three principal nations in
the Caucasus, speak a
Japhetic language, which is not related to any other language group.
This means that they are not
Aryan, since these speak Indo-European languages. They may be allied to
the Basques in the
Pyrenees, who, before the advent of the Indo-Europeans, formed one
section of an organic chain
of related nations that stretched from Spain to the Caucasus. Those
nations were the Iberians, the
Legurs, the Etruscans, the Rets, the Pelasgians (an ancient pre-Aryan
race, which used to be
widely spread over the coasts and islands of the eastern Mediterranean
and Aegean, and believed
to have occupied Greece before the Hellenes), the Kars, the
Cappadochians, the Amazons (a race
of female warriors alleged to have existed in Scythia) , the Khalybs,
the Colchians, etc. These
peoples were violently replaced by the Indo-Europeans.
The circassians in Kosovo Polje are to be found in the following
villages: Gornje Stanovce, Donje
Stanovce, Velika Reka and Milosevo. Before the Turko-Serbian war of
1877-1878, there were
about 12,000 Circassians in the region. After the war the overwhelming
majority immigrated to
Syria and Asia minor. In 1912 and 1918 more people moved out, and the
author estimated that there
were only 250 circassians in the province by 1929. The present
population is estimated at 1,000.
References:
1. Niko Zupanic, 'Les Origines des Serbes', the origins of the Serbs.
Second session of the
International Institute of anthropology, pp. 227-229. Paris, 1926.
2. Niko Zupanic, 'Bela Srbija'. Zagreb, 1922; Les Serbes a Srbciste
(Macedoine), au vii siecle.
Extrait du Byzantion, t. Iv, p. 277-280. Liege, 1929.
3. T. R. Djordjevic, 'Cerkezi u Nasoj Zemlji', the circassians on our
territory. Glasnik Skopskog
Naucnog Drustva, t. Iii, p. 143. Skoplje, 1928.
------------
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
MANOVRE MILITARI
Secondo il segretario generale della NATO George Robertson l'esercito
della Repubblica Federale di Jugoslavia non deve effettuare movimenti di
truppe sul proprio territorio. Robertson si riferisce in particolare
alle truppe jugoslave che sarebbero concentrate in Serbia centrale, nei
pressi del confine interno con la provincia del Kosmet.
Robertson pero' ritiene che il suo paese (la Gran Bretagna) possa ed
anzi debba impiegare truppe e mezzi non solo in Irlanda del Nord, ma
persino nei Balcani, a migliaia di chilometri di distanza - magari
proprio sul territorio della Repubblica Federale di Jugoslavia!
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
Secondo il segretario generale della NATO George Robertson l'esercito
della Repubblica Federale di Jugoslavia non deve effettuare movimenti di
truppe sul proprio territorio. Robertson si riferisce in particolare
alle truppe jugoslave che sarebbero concentrate in Serbia centrale, nei
pressi del confine interno con la provincia del Kosmet.
Robertson pero' ritiene che il suo paese (la Gran Bretagna) possa ed
anzi debba impiegare truppe e mezzi non solo in Irlanda del Nord, ma
persino nei Balcani, a migliaia di chilometri di distanza - magari
proprio sul territorio della Repubblica Federale di Jugoslavia!
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
GIORNALI DA BUTTARE: 1. "LA REPUBBLICA"
Leggiamo su "Repubblica on line" del 22/2/2000 che i carabinieri
italiani avrebbero individuato qualcuna delle famose "fosse comuni" di
Srebrenica. La notizia sarebbe clamorosa, visto che dopo ben cinque
anni, del "massacro serbo di ottomila musulmani" al quale si allude
continuamente (ma per "Repubblica" adesso sono diventati diecimila!)
ancora nessuna fossa comune era stata ritrovata - a parte le "foto da
satellite" di fonte CIA nelle quali ci hanno fatto vedere "terra mossa
di fresco".
Purtroppo (o per fortuna), pero', la notizia non e' credibile, ed anzi
sembra un "cappello" fatto apposta per "coprire" giornalisticamente la
vera notizia contenuta nell'articolo, riguardante le indagini
sull'omicidio di tre volontari italiani. Questi ultimi sarebbero stati
uccisi dai "Berretti Verdi", che gia' dal nome sembrano piuttosto essere
una formazione paramilitare bosniaco-musulmana (ma nell'articolo non si
dice). E' questa una maniera doppiamente infame - ma non certo nuova -
di contribuire, come giornalisti, al conflitto nei Balcani attizzando
odio gratuito nei confronti di una delle parti in causa (sempre quella).
> I militari sulle tracce del massacro di Sebrenica
> Individuati gli assassini dei volontari bresciani
>
> I carabinieri scoprono
> nuove fosse in Bosnia
>
>
> SARAJEVO - Per anni hanno investigato in silenzio, cercato prove, scovato
> riscontri, portato testimoni: tutte cose difficili nella Sarajevo sconvolta
> dalla guerra. Ora i carabinieri della Multinational Specialized Unit sono
> riusciti a scoprire gli assassini dei tre volontari bresciani uccisi nel
> 1993 in Bosnia. I militari non si sono fermati e hanno individuato altre
> fosse comuni, due sicure e altre cinque su cui stanno ancora perfezionando
> le ultime verifiche. Montagne di cadaveri che portano le indagini sulle
> tracce del massacro di Sebrenica, dove durante il conflitto nell'ex
> Yugoslavia vennero fatte scomparire diecimila persone.
>
> Per raccontare questa ultima, tragica, scoperta bisogna partire da lontano:
SI NOTI CHE ADESSO IL GIORNALISTA CAMBIA TEMA DI NUOVO, NEL TENTATIVO DI
CONFONDERE LA PROBLEMATICA DI SREBRENICA (scritto "Sebrenica", poiche'
l'ignoranza non mente) CON QUELLA DELL'ATTENTATO AI VOLONTARI
> da quando Guido Puletti, Sergio Lana e Fabio Moreni furono falciati a colpi
> di mitra, nel 1993 nei pressi di Gornji Vakuf, da una banda paramilitare
> durante l'attacco ad un convoglio umanitario. I carabinieri, in stretto
> contatto con Carla Del Ponte, il magistrato che coordina le indagini sui
> crimini di guerra nella ex Jugoslavia, sono riusciti a dare un nome e un
> volto ai colpevoli. L'inchiesta porta ai "berretti verdi" di Hanefjia
> Prjijc, il comandante Paraga, che vive tranquillo nella sua città, Voljice.
> Per lui e i suoi uomini, molti fuggti all'estero, sono però pronti i
> mandati di cattura e per l'arresto non dovrebbe mancare molto tempo.
>
> La stessa tecnica di lavoro, fatta di tenacia e professionalità, i
> carabinieri l'hanno usata nella caccia alle fosse comuni. Gli inquirenti su
> questo punto mantengono il più stretto riserbo ma sembrano essere arrivati
> appunto ad un passo da uno degli episodi più sanguinosi della guerra
> nell'ex Jugoslavia: la probabile eliminazione fisica di diecimila persone
> dalla città di Sebrenica.
SI NOTI: "IL PIU' STRETTO RISERBO", "SEMBRANO ESSERE ARRIVATI",
"PROBABILE ELIMINAZIONE FISICA"
> Finora sono stati individuati tremila cadaveri, all'appello mancano dunque
SI NOTI: "SONO STATI INDIVIDUATI" (A NOI NON RISULTA)
> gli altri settemila, che si teme possano essere seppelliti in diverse fosse
SI NOTI: "ALTRI SETTEMILA" (IN BASE A QUALI FONTI?), "SI TEME CHE"
> comuni. Nei mesi scorsi gli uomini del colonnello Renato Scuzzarello ne
> avevano individuate tre, negli ultimi giorni ne sono venute alla luce altre
> due.
...MA ALL'INIZIO DELL'ARTICOLO SI DICE CHE SONO DUE SICURE E CINQUE
FORSE!
SE QUALCUNO AVESSE INFORMAZIONI PIU' PRECISE SU QUESTE FOSSE GIA'
INDIVIDUATE (OLTRE AL NOME DEL COLONNELLO) E' PREGATO DI INVIARCELE E
LE DIFFONDEREMO IMMEDIATAMENTE.
> L'attenzione adesso, con esami balistici sulle armi usate dai serbi, è
SOLO QUI SI CITA ESPLICITAMENTE UNA PARTE IN CONFLITTO (I SERBI)
> puntata sulle ultime cinque fosse scovate. Le indagini dureranno sino a
> primavera, se andranno nella direzione immaginata dai carabinieri, sarà un
> altro contributo alla verità, un piccolo-grande omaggio alle vittime di
> quella guerra.
A PRIMAVERA AVREMO TUTTI DIMENTICATO LA NOTIZIOLA E NESSUNO ANDRA' A
VERIFICARE.
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
Leggiamo su "Repubblica on line" del 22/2/2000 che i carabinieri
italiani avrebbero individuato qualcuna delle famose "fosse comuni" di
Srebrenica. La notizia sarebbe clamorosa, visto che dopo ben cinque
anni, del "massacro serbo di ottomila musulmani" al quale si allude
continuamente (ma per "Repubblica" adesso sono diventati diecimila!)
ancora nessuna fossa comune era stata ritrovata - a parte le "foto da
satellite" di fonte CIA nelle quali ci hanno fatto vedere "terra mossa
di fresco".
Purtroppo (o per fortuna), pero', la notizia non e' credibile, ed anzi
sembra un "cappello" fatto apposta per "coprire" giornalisticamente la
vera notizia contenuta nell'articolo, riguardante le indagini
sull'omicidio di tre volontari italiani. Questi ultimi sarebbero stati
uccisi dai "Berretti Verdi", che gia' dal nome sembrano piuttosto essere
una formazione paramilitare bosniaco-musulmana (ma nell'articolo non si
dice). E' questa una maniera doppiamente infame - ma non certo nuova -
di contribuire, come giornalisti, al conflitto nei Balcani attizzando
odio gratuito nei confronti di una delle parti in causa (sempre quella).
> I militari sulle tracce del massacro di Sebrenica
> Individuati gli assassini dei volontari bresciani
>
> I carabinieri scoprono
> nuove fosse in Bosnia
>
>
> SARAJEVO - Per anni hanno investigato in silenzio, cercato prove, scovato
> riscontri, portato testimoni: tutte cose difficili nella Sarajevo sconvolta
> dalla guerra. Ora i carabinieri della Multinational Specialized Unit sono
> riusciti a scoprire gli assassini dei tre volontari bresciani uccisi nel
> 1993 in Bosnia. I militari non si sono fermati e hanno individuato altre
> fosse comuni, due sicure e altre cinque su cui stanno ancora perfezionando
> le ultime verifiche. Montagne di cadaveri che portano le indagini sulle
> tracce del massacro di Sebrenica, dove durante il conflitto nell'ex
> Yugoslavia vennero fatte scomparire diecimila persone.
>
> Per raccontare questa ultima, tragica, scoperta bisogna partire da lontano:
SI NOTI CHE ADESSO IL GIORNALISTA CAMBIA TEMA DI NUOVO, NEL TENTATIVO DI
CONFONDERE LA PROBLEMATICA DI SREBRENICA (scritto "Sebrenica", poiche'
l'ignoranza non mente) CON QUELLA DELL'ATTENTATO AI VOLONTARI
> da quando Guido Puletti, Sergio Lana e Fabio Moreni furono falciati a colpi
> di mitra, nel 1993 nei pressi di Gornji Vakuf, da una banda paramilitare
> durante l'attacco ad un convoglio umanitario. I carabinieri, in stretto
> contatto con Carla Del Ponte, il magistrato che coordina le indagini sui
> crimini di guerra nella ex Jugoslavia, sono riusciti a dare un nome e un
> volto ai colpevoli. L'inchiesta porta ai "berretti verdi" di Hanefjia
> Prjijc, il comandante Paraga, che vive tranquillo nella sua città, Voljice.
> Per lui e i suoi uomini, molti fuggti all'estero, sono però pronti i
> mandati di cattura e per l'arresto non dovrebbe mancare molto tempo.
>
> La stessa tecnica di lavoro, fatta di tenacia e professionalità, i
> carabinieri l'hanno usata nella caccia alle fosse comuni. Gli inquirenti su
> questo punto mantengono il più stretto riserbo ma sembrano essere arrivati
> appunto ad un passo da uno degli episodi più sanguinosi della guerra
> nell'ex Jugoslavia: la probabile eliminazione fisica di diecimila persone
> dalla città di Sebrenica.
SI NOTI: "IL PIU' STRETTO RISERBO", "SEMBRANO ESSERE ARRIVATI",
"PROBABILE ELIMINAZIONE FISICA"
> Finora sono stati individuati tremila cadaveri, all'appello mancano dunque
SI NOTI: "SONO STATI INDIVIDUATI" (A NOI NON RISULTA)
> gli altri settemila, che si teme possano essere seppelliti in diverse fosse
SI NOTI: "ALTRI SETTEMILA" (IN BASE A QUALI FONTI?), "SI TEME CHE"
> comuni. Nei mesi scorsi gli uomini del colonnello Renato Scuzzarello ne
> avevano individuate tre, negli ultimi giorni ne sono venute alla luce altre
> due.
...MA ALL'INIZIO DELL'ARTICOLO SI DICE CHE SONO DUE SICURE E CINQUE
FORSE!
SE QUALCUNO AVESSE INFORMAZIONI PIU' PRECISE SU QUESTE FOSSE GIA'
INDIVIDUATE (OLTRE AL NOME DEL COLONNELLO) E' PREGATO DI INVIARCELE E
LE DIFFONDEREMO IMMEDIATAMENTE.
> L'attenzione adesso, con esami balistici sulle armi usate dai serbi, è
SOLO QUI SI CITA ESPLICITAMENTE UNA PARTE IN CONFLITTO (I SERBI)
> puntata sulle ultime cinque fosse scovate. Le indagini dureranno sino a
> primavera, se andranno nella direzione immaginata dai carabinieri, sarà un
> altro contributo alla verità, un piccolo-grande omaggio alle vittime di
> quella guerra.
A PRIMAVERA AVREMO TUTTI DIMENTICATO LA NOTIZIOLA E NESSUNO ANDRA' A
VERIFICARE.
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
TEST DI INTELLIGENZA
1. Di che nazionalita' erano i dimostranti scesi in piazza il 21/2/2000
presso Mitrovica, in Kosovo?
2. Che bandiere portavano?
3. Chi controllava la zona?
4. Chi controllava la marcia?
5. Ed in che modo l'hanno controllata?
6. Cosa facevano i serbi di Mitrovica in quelle ore?
7. Cosa era successo il giorno precedente?
8. Chi e' che cerca di fomentare la tensione?
RISPOSTE: 1. albanesi-kosovari e albanesi d'Albania 2. albanesi e
americane 3. le truppe di alcuni paesi NATO 4. vedi risposta precedente
5. ne hanno lasciati passare molti fin dentro la citta', poi il
comandante Reinhardt ha arringato la folla esprimendo solidarieta' per
gli obiettivi della marcia 6. donne, bambini ed anziani scappavano nei
boschi, poche migliaia di uomini formavano un presidio 7. soldati
statunitensi e tedeschi avevano passato al setaccio in malo modo tutto
il settore serbo per privare le popolazione degli strumenti di
autodifesa 8. Slobodan Milosevic, ovvio! Che domanda idiota...
"Lord George Robertson said Monday there was 'no doubt that (Yugoslav
President Slobodan) Milosevic will have a hand in some of the
provocations being organized on the Serb side'... In New York, Richard
Holbrooke, the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, accused the
Yugoslav government in Belgrade of fomenting the latest unrest. His view
was shared by Gen. Wesley Clark, the NATO commander in Europe. 'There is
an influence by Belgrade in the area,' Clark said" (AP 22/2)
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
1. Di che nazionalita' erano i dimostranti scesi in piazza il 21/2/2000
presso Mitrovica, in Kosovo?
2. Che bandiere portavano?
3. Chi controllava la zona?
4. Chi controllava la marcia?
5. Ed in che modo l'hanno controllata?
6. Cosa facevano i serbi di Mitrovica in quelle ore?
7. Cosa era successo il giorno precedente?
8. Chi e' che cerca di fomentare la tensione?
RISPOSTE: 1. albanesi-kosovari e albanesi d'Albania 2. albanesi e
americane 3. le truppe di alcuni paesi NATO 4. vedi risposta precedente
5. ne hanno lasciati passare molti fin dentro la citta', poi il
comandante Reinhardt ha arringato la folla esprimendo solidarieta' per
gli obiettivi della marcia 6. donne, bambini ed anziani scappavano nei
boschi, poche migliaia di uomini formavano un presidio 7. soldati
statunitensi e tedeschi avevano passato al setaccio in malo modo tutto
il settore serbo per privare le popolazione degli strumenti di
autodifesa 8. Slobodan Milosevic, ovvio! Che domanda idiota...
"Lord George Robertson said Monday there was 'no doubt that (Yugoslav
President Slobodan) Milosevic will have a hand in some of the
provocations being organized on the Serb side'... In New York, Richard
Holbrooke, the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, accused the
Yugoslav government in Belgrade of fomenting the latest unrest. His view
was shared by Gen. Wesley Clark, the NATO commander in Europe. 'There is
an influence by Belgrade in the area,' Clark said" (AP 22/2)
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
TARANTO - incontro con gli operai della Zastava
TORINO - si e' costituito il COORDINAMENTO TORINESE PER LA JUGOSLAVIA
>
> Riceviamo e diffondiamo questo messaggio di Ferdinando Dubla
> <dubla@...>
>
> TARANTO INCONTRA GLI OPERAI JUGOSLAVI DELLA ZASTAVA BOMBARDATA DALLA NATO
>
> Il 24 marzo del 1999, l'alleanza dei 19 paesi aderenti al Patto Atlantico
> (NATO), attaccarono la Federazione Jugoslava con la scusa di voler
> difendere la minoranza albanese. Ma nei 78 giorni che seguirono
> bombardarono di tutto, compresi gli stessi albanesi, con distruzioni di
> infrastrutture civili e morte di innocenti. La guerra fu un pauroso
> arretramento di diritti e di democrazia per tutti noi e l'Italia, con il
> governo D'Alema, fu complice dell'imperialismo USA-NATO. Imponendo il
> consenso alla cosiddetta 'missione umanitaria', oltre che con la forza,
> anche con la mistificazione attraverso l'uso propagandistico dei media. Da
> una parte si bombardava, dall'altra si chiedeva al nostro popolo di
> partecipare alla farsa della "missione Arcobaleno", terreno di scambio e di
> corruzione con le mafie albanesi, come hanno dimostrato le ultime vicende
> giudiziarie.
> E ancora oggi, il popolo jugoslavo, nonostante già stremato dai danni che
> la guerra ha prodotto (come ad esempio l'inquinamento delle acque e della
> terra che impedisce un approvvigionamento alimentare sufficiente, la
> carenza di medicinali di base, ecc..) soffre di un odioso embargo che
> impedisce non solo la ricostruzione, ma anche la semplice sopravvivenza.
> E' necessario che tutti i cittadini di Taranto si sentano solidali e
> partecipi all'iniziativa con i delegati sindacali della Zastava di
> Kragujevac, fabbrica di automobili che ora la Fiat ha abbandonato e che
> solo i suoi 35.000 operai possono salvare con la solidarietà di classe e
> internazionalista.
>
> Durante l'incontro sarà proiettato il video di Fulvio Grimaldi "Serbi da
> morire" e sarà presentato il libro di poeti dilettanti contro la guerra
> "Gli assassini della tenerezza" con disegni dei bambini di Kragujevac, il
> ricavato delle cui vendite sarà devoluto in solidarietà ai lavoratori
> jugoslavi. Sarà inoltre proposto il programma di adozioni a distanza.
>
> SABATO 26 FEBBRAIO 2000
> h.16,30
> Aula Magna ITIS "A.Righi"
> Via Dante
> Taranto
>
> CONFERENZA-STAMPA DEI PROMOTORI DI TARANTO
> VENERDI 25 FEBBRAIO 2000
> h.11
> Salone circolo "E.Che Guevara" PRC
> c.so Piemonte (100 metri dall'Ufficio-pacchi PT)
> TARANTO
>
> Organizzazione:
> Coordinamento cittadino Partito della Rifondazione Comunista-Taranto
> Un ponte per Belgrado in terra di Bari
> Cobas (Confederazione sindacati di base)
> Slai-Cobas
> Cooperativa sociale "Owen"
> Comitato jonico contro le guerre
> Collettivo per l'autorganizzazione sociale
> Primaveraradio
---
COSTITUITO IL COORDINAMENTO TORINESE PER LA JUGOSLAVIA
Lo schieramento di forze e soggetti che, all'interno del movimento
contro la
guerra, ha ritenuto primario e fondamentale, lo schierarsi dalla parte
degli
aggrediti contro gli aggressori, ha costituito il Coordinamento torinese
per
la Jugoslavia, con lo scopo di rafforzare e consolidare le attività di
sostegno e solidarietà per il popolo jugoslavo.
Ciascuno di noi in questi mesi si è impegnato in attività di denuncia,
sostegno, controinformazione e solidarietà sotto varie forme; oggi
abbiamo
ritenuto giusto e soprattutto doveroso costruire un percorso unitario,
che
metta insieme esperienze, intelligenze, risorse e forze.
UNIRSI per UNIRE e rendere più forti ed efficaci gli sforzi per questa
battaglia di solidarietà e sostegno a questo popolo aggredito,
bombardato,
avvelenato ed ora strangolato ed affamato dalle moderne armi di
sterminio di
massa, quali sono l'embargo e le sanzioni (l'Iraq è sotto i nostri
occhi);
armi usate dagli imperialisti contro i popoli non asserviti al Nuovo
Ordine
Mondiale.
Riteniamo questo impegno un dovere e non un'opzione. Chi sceglie
percorsi
individuali o autoreferenziali, favorisce logiche più dannose che
proficue.
Nel Coordinamento ciascuno manterrà la sua specificità e autonomia, ma
ciascuno è parte di un processo unitario e collettivo che ha nella
solidarietà concreta e consapevole alla Jugoslavia e
nell’antiimperialismo,
la sua ragione di essere.
Siamo coscienti di essere una piccola forza di fronte agli scenari
mass-mediatici e imperiali della realtà intorno, ma questo non ci
spaventa o
fa desistere, e la nascita di questo Coordinamento è un piccolo passo
avanti, un segnale di speranza e anche di forza, perché dove ci sono
idee,
intelligenze, determinazione, coscienze schierate che si uniscono, tutti
siamo un po' forti, di conseguenza più forte risulterà il nostro lavoro.
Le caratteristiche, la composizione, le tematiche su cui si svilupperà
il
lavoro, con varie iniziative sono:
· Solidarietà concreta come obiettivo primario e urgente (raccolta
fondi,
alimentari, medicine con le strutture contattate)
· Denuncia delle devastazioni ambientali nella Jugoslavia bombardata
· Documentazione e controinformazione, dando voce e rendendo pubblici i
punti di vista degli aggrediti.
· Lavori del Tribunale Indipendente Internazionale contro i crimini
NATO in
Jugoslavia.
Facciamo Appello ad aderire ed essere partecipi a questo lavoro a
chiunque
concordi con queste basi minime di affinità e che ritenga di non voler
essere complice con un governo che, violando la Costituzione,
calpestando il
Diritto Internazionale e infangando il patrimonio ideale di pace e
solidale,
lasciatoci in eredità dalla lotta di liberazione dal Nazifascismo, ha
oggi
portato il nostro paese ad essere aggressore e affamatore di un altro
popolo. Per noi questo è inaccettabile politicamente ed eticamente.
Facciamo moralmente nostro quel motto che per decenni ha unito i popoli
e le
genti jugoslave, impedendo guerre, tragedie e miserie:
"UNITA' E FRATELLANZA" - per il futuro dei popoli e nostro.
Comitato Promotore :
Un ponte per (Torino)- Comitato contro la guerra dei Lavoratori
dell'Università e del Politecnico -Comitato Yugoslavia - Fondazione
Pasti
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
TORINO - si e' costituito il COORDINAMENTO TORINESE PER LA JUGOSLAVIA
>
> Riceviamo e diffondiamo questo messaggio di Ferdinando Dubla
> <dubla@...>
>
> TARANTO INCONTRA GLI OPERAI JUGOSLAVI DELLA ZASTAVA BOMBARDATA DALLA NATO
>
> Il 24 marzo del 1999, l'alleanza dei 19 paesi aderenti al Patto Atlantico
> (NATO), attaccarono la Federazione Jugoslava con la scusa di voler
> difendere la minoranza albanese. Ma nei 78 giorni che seguirono
> bombardarono di tutto, compresi gli stessi albanesi, con distruzioni di
> infrastrutture civili e morte di innocenti. La guerra fu un pauroso
> arretramento di diritti e di democrazia per tutti noi e l'Italia, con il
> governo D'Alema, fu complice dell'imperialismo USA-NATO. Imponendo il
> consenso alla cosiddetta 'missione umanitaria', oltre che con la forza,
> anche con la mistificazione attraverso l'uso propagandistico dei media. Da
> una parte si bombardava, dall'altra si chiedeva al nostro popolo di
> partecipare alla farsa della "missione Arcobaleno", terreno di scambio e di
> corruzione con le mafie albanesi, come hanno dimostrato le ultime vicende
> giudiziarie.
> E ancora oggi, il popolo jugoslavo, nonostante già stremato dai danni che
> la guerra ha prodotto (come ad esempio l'inquinamento delle acque e della
> terra che impedisce un approvvigionamento alimentare sufficiente, la
> carenza di medicinali di base, ecc..) soffre di un odioso embargo che
> impedisce non solo la ricostruzione, ma anche la semplice sopravvivenza.
> E' necessario che tutti i cittadini di Taranto si sentano solidali e
> partecipi all'iniziativa con i delegati sindacali della Zastava di
> Kragujevac, fabbrica di automobili che ora la Fiat ha abbandonato e che
> solo i suoi 35.000 operai possono salvare con la solidarietà di classe e
> internazionalista.
>
> Durante l'incontro sarà proiettato il video di Fulvio Grimaldi "Serbi da
> morire" e sarà presentato il libro di poeti dilettanti contro la guerra
> "Gli assassini della tenerezza" con disegni dei bambini di Kragujevac, il
> ricavato delle cui vendite sarà devoluto in solidarietà ai lavoratori
> jugoslavi. Sarà inoltre proposto il programma di adozioni a distanza.
>
> SABATO 26 FEBBRAIO 2000
> h.16,30
> Aula Magna ITIS "A.Righi"
> Via Dante
> Taranto
>
> CONFERENZA-STAMPA DEI PROMOTORI DI TARANTO
> VENERDI 25 FEBBRAIO 2000
> h.11
> Salone circolo "E.Che Guevara" PRC
> c.so Piemonte (100 metri dall'Ufficio-pacchi PT)
> TARANTO
>
> Organizzazione:
> Coordinamento cittadino Partito della Rifondazione Comunista-Taranto
> Un ponte per Belgrado in terra di Bari
> Cobas (Confederazione sindacati di base)
> Slai-Cobas
> Cooperativa sociale "Owen"
> Comitato jonico contro le guerre
> Collettivo per l'autorganizzazione sociale
> Primaveraradio
---
COSTITUITO IL COORDINAMENTO TORINESE PER LA JUGOSLAVIA
Lo schieramento di forze e soggetti che, all'interno del movimento
contro la
guerra, ha ritenuto primario e fondamentale, lo schierarsi dalla parte
degli
aggrediti contro gli aggressori, ha costituito il Coordinamento torinese
per
la Jugoslavia, con lo scopo di rafforzare e consolidare le attività di
sostegno e solidarietà per il popolo jugoslavo.
Ciascuno di noi in questi mesi si è impegnato in attività di denuncia,
sostegno, controinformazione e solidarietà sotto varie forme; oggi
abbiamo
ritenuto giusto e soprattutto doveroso costruire un percorso unitario,
che
metta insieme esperienze, intelligenze, risorse e forze.
UNIRSI per UNIRE e rendere più forti ed efficaci gli sforzi per questa
battaglia di solidarietà e sostegno a questo popolo aggredito,
bombardato,
avvelenato ed ora strangolato ed affamato dalle moderne armi di
sterminio di
massa, quali sono l'embargo e le sanzioni (l'Iraq è sotto i nostri
occhi);
armi usate dagli imperialisti contro i popoli non asserviti al Nuovo
Ordine
Mondiale.
Riteniamo questo impegno un dovere e non un'opzione. Chi sceglie
percorsi
individuali o autoreferenziali, favorisce logiche più dannose che
proficue.
Nel Coordinamento ciascuno manterrà la sua specificità e autonomia, ma
ciascuno è parte di un processo unitario e collettivo che ha nella
solidarietà concreta e consapevole alla Jugoslavia e
nell’antiimperialismo,
la sua ragione di essere.
Siamo coscienti di essere una piccola forza di fronte agli scenari
mass-mediatici e imperiali della realtà intorno, ma questo non ci
spaventa o
fa desistere, e la nascita di questo Coordinamento è un piccolo passo
avanti, un segnale di speranza e anche di forza, perché dove ci sono
idee,
intelligenze, determinazione, coscienze schierate che si uniscono, tutti
siamo un po' forti, di conseguenza più forte risulterà il nostro lavoro.
Le caratteristiche, la composizione, le tematiche su cui si svilupperà
il
lavoro, con varie iniziative sono:
· Solidarietà concreta come obiettivo primario e urgente (raccolta
fondi,
alimentari, medicine con le strutture contattate)
· Denuncia delle devastazioni ambientali nella Jugoslavia bombardata
· Documentazione e controinformazione, dando voce e rendendo pubblici i
punti di vista degli aggrediti.
· Lavori del Tribunale Indipendente Internazionale contro i crimini
NATO in
Jugoslavia.
Facciamo Appello ad aderire ed essere partecipi a questo lavoro a
chiunque
concordi con queste basi minime di affinità e che ritenga di non voler
essere complice con un governo che, violando la Costituzione,
calpestando il
Diritto Internazionale e infangando il patrimonio ideale di pace e
solidale,
lasciatoci in eredità dalla lotta di liberazione dal Nazifascismo, ha
oggi
portato il nostro paese ad essere aggressore e affamatore di un altro
popolo. Per noi questo è inaccettabile politicamente ed eticamente.
Facciamo moralmente nostro quel motto che per decenni ha unito i popoli
e le
genti jugoslave, impedendo guerre, tragedie e miserie:
"UNITA' E FRATELLANZA" - per il futuro dei popoli e nostro.
Comitato Promotore :
Un ponte per (Torino)- Comitato contro la guerra dei Lavoratori
dell'Università e del Politecnico -Comitato Yugoslavia - Fondazione
Pasti
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
* Ambulanza della "Missione Arcobaleno" conteneva un arsenale
("Il Manifesto", Associated Press)
* Il punto della situazione... (G. Carpi)
* Ignobile comportamento dei "peacekeeper" olandesi ad Orahovac (Emperors
Clothes, Ova adresa el. pošte je zaštićena od spambotova. Omogućite JavaScript da biste je videli.)
* Devastato il settore nord di Mitrovica dalle truppe tedesche e statunitensi
"alla ricerca di armi" mentre in decine di migliaia marciano con bandiere
albanesi ed americane per chiedere la cacciata degli ultimi serbi rimasti.
Il comandante KFOR Reinhardt: "Stanno dimostrando per un futuro migliore"
(KFOR Press Update, stopnato@..., New York Times, Tanjug)
---
Da "Il manifesto" del 16 Febbraio 2000
KOSOVO/NATO-ONU
Ambulanza della "Missione Arcobaleno" trasportava armi a Mitrovica
Bernard Kouchner attacca il governo di Parigi: "Non mandate la polizia".
Verso le sue dimissioni?
- TOMMASO DI FRANCESCO -
L a notizia. Un'autoambulanza diretta a Kosovska Mitrovica, la città ancora
a ferro e fuoco nel nord del Kosovo, è finita fuori strada e al suo interno
la polizia dell'Onu ha scoperto un grosso carico di armi: 14 lanciarazzi,
182 granate, moltissime munizioni e sei casse di proiettili calibro 7,62 per
armi leggere. Secondo Andrea Angeli, portavoce della polizia Onu,
"l'incidente non è chiaro, non si sa se dell'autoambulanza fosse prima stato
denunciato un furto o che cosa...". Qual è il fatto esplosivo? E' che sulla
fiancata dell'autoambulanza svetta a lettere cubitali la scritta "Missione
Arcobaleno". L'autoambulanza risulta essere stata donata dal Cesvi, Ong di
Bergamo, all'ospedale di Glakovac - a circa 30-40 km da Pristina, nella
direzione di Pec sulla strada per Mitrovica - e quindi pagata con i soldi
della Missione Arcobaleno. Era stata forse rubata dall'ospedale per
trasportare armi - in Bosnia ambulanze dell'Onu sono spesso servite allo
stesso scopo - destinate agli albanesi di Mitrovica che riprendono la guerra
sparando per la prima volta sugli uomini del contingente francese della
Nato? Alla fine diranno che sì, era stata rubata. Ma la verità è che le armi
arrivano a Mitrovica dall'Uck che in Kosovo controlla tutto, dai comuni agli
ospedali, dalle strade ai fondi elargiti a piene mani da ampie strutture -
400 Ong solo a Pristina - che fanno riferimento all'Onu e
all'Amministratore, Bernard Kouchner. E questo perché l'Uck altro non è che
l'attuale Kpt (Kosovo Protection Corps) la nuova polizia voluta a tutti i
costi da Kouchner e dalla Nato che ha così riciclato, a partire dal
comandante Agim Ceku - su cui indaga il Tribunale dell'Aja - le sue
gerarchie di comando, i mezzi militari e le milizie.
Certo, è troppo presto per gettare discredito, anche qui, sulla Missione
Arcobaleno - anche se qualche risposta dal governo italiano dovrà pur
venire, come dallo stesso Kouchner che ogni giorno deve fare i conti con la
cappa di piombo del potere mafioso-malavitoso che in Kosovo controlla tutto.
Il fatto è che questa notizia-bomba, insieme alla crisi esplosiva della
città di Mitrovica, pongono all'ordine del giorno il nodo dei risultati
della guerra "umanitaria" della Nato. E sotto tiro è Bernard Kouchner.
Soprattutto dopo il duro scontro da lui avuto ieri addirittura con il
governo francese. Per il terzo mese di fila Kouchner ha accusato i governi
occidentali di non fornire forze di polizia all'Amministrazione Onu. Ieri ha
denunciato anche il comportamento di Parigi, che "dimentica di essere la
patria dei diritti umani" e dove "i politici francesi si 'sparano' addosso"
mentre a Mitrovica i cecchini albanesi sparano sui soldati francesi. Gli ha
risposto il ministro della difesa Jean Pierre Chevenement: "Quando si spara
sui soldati - ha detto duramente - l'aumento del numero dei poliziotti non è
forse la soluzione al problema". Uno scontro tutto interno alla sinistra di
governo che ha voluto l'intervento "umanitario".
La polemica ha raggiunto anche le Nazioni unite: Kouchner, dicono, non deve
pensare che la questione della sicurezza in Kosovo sia una questione "di
famiglia", tra lui e il governo francese. Un conflitto ingigantito dai fatti
di Mitrovica di questi giorni, dove cecchini albanesi hanno fatto fuoco sui
soldati della Nato per la prima volta, un ceccino albanese è stato ucciso e
la città è sotto coprifuoco, sempre divisa in due dal ponte sul fiume Ibar.
Kouchner, dicono fonti dell'Onu di Pristina, continua a ripetere che
"Mitrovica non è il simbolo del Kosovo", e qui sbaglia "perché i fatti di
Mitrovica sono proprio il simbolo di quello che ora il Kosovo rappresenta".
Lì le forze Kfor-Nato solo adesso difendono i serbi perché sono i pochi
serbi - cinquemila - rimasti in tutto il Kosovo, Mitrovica è il bantustan
più grosso con sacche di poche centinaia sparse a Pristina, Pec e in poche
altre parti. Dopo una mattanza su cui si è spesso taciuto che ha visto 500
civili serbi morire ammazzati dopo l'ingresso della Nato. Se i serbi
venissero cacciati anche da lì chi la racconterebbe più la favola degli
obiettivi multietnici? Sotto gli occhi della Nato l'Uck in sette mesi ha
cacciato dal Kosovo quasi 300.000 persone, serbi, albanesi
"collaborazionisti", goranci (serbi islamizzati, considerati agenti di
Belgrado) e tutti gli zingari le cui case sono state rase al suolo ovunque.
Mitrovica è il simbolo di tutto questo. Kouchner, su mandato Nato-Onu e di
tutti i governi europei, ha avviato di fatto l'indipendenza della regione
(con il libero corso del marco tedesco al posto del dinaro, con l'apertura
delle frontiere all'Albania, con le targhe autonome, con il governo senza
serbi, con la polizia emanazione dell'Uck, le telecomunicazioni a rete
autonoma da Belgrado - fra l'altro affidata alla francese Alcatel). Ma negli
accordi di pace il Kosovo resta regione della Serbia, e questo vogliono
ancora Unione europea e Stati uniti. Ora siamo nella palude. Washington
cerca in ogni modo di trovare una via d'uscita. Il cerino resta nelle mani
dell'Europa, e del signor Kouchner. A Pristina, negli ambienti Onu - come
alcuni giornali americani in questi giorni - dicono che le sfuriate di
Kouchner sulle forze di polizia che non arrivano, mentre incombe il
fallimento, sono una "dichiarazione d'impotenza, meglio a questo punto
passare la mano, girare pagina, meglio le sue dimissioni".
---
Weapons, ammunition found in ambulance in Kosovo
Associated Press
By ELENA BECATOROS
KOSOVSKA MITROVICA, Yugoslavia (February 15, 2000 10:57 a.m. EST
http://www.nandotimes.com) - Peacekeepers found a large stock of
powerful weapons and ammunition in an ambulance apparently driven by
ethnic Albanians and heading for this turbulent northern city, a NATO
spokesman said Tuesday.
The ambulance, its emergency signals flashing, veered off a road and
into a ditch while approaching a checkpoint outside Kosovska Mitrovica
late Monday, said Fabrice Turco, a spokesman for the French
peacekeepers. Peacekeepers found weapons and ammunition in the vehicle,
including 14 anti-tank rocket launchers and 182 high-explosive grenades,
NATO said.
The ambulance was marked with ethnic Albanian writing, which uses a
different alphabet from the Serb language. U.N. police were searching
Tuesday for the driver and a passenger, both of whom fled the vehicle
after it went into the ditch.
Kosovska Mitrovica has been a flashpoint for violence between the
province's ethnic Albanian and Serb populations for months. Unrest began
to escalate Feb. 2, when a grenade attack on a U.N. bus killed two
elderly Serbs.
Two French peacekeepers were injured by ethnic Albanian snipers here
over the weekend, and the NATO-led peacekeepers have arrested dozens of
people since. Of the 51 ethnic Albanians arrested, six have been
released.
In addition, the nightly curfew has been extended from seven hours to 12
hours. Under the new regulations, people are prohibited from circulating
on Kosovska Mitrovica's streets from 6 p.m. until 6 a.m.
The alliance reported no security incidents overnight, and the city was
calm. But a local ethnic Albanian human rights group said three more
Albanian families were forced to flee their homes on the northern,
Serb-controlled side of the city.
Additional Greek peacekeepers backed up by U.S. and Canadian soldiers
have been sent in to help cope with the weekend's outbreak of violence.
The peacekeepers are conducting extensive searches of houses and
buildings for weapons and other evidence of criminal intent.
Thousands of ethnic Albanians were killed by Serb forces during Yugoslav
President Slobodan Milosevic's 18-month crackdown against separatists in
Kosovo. After NATO bombing forced the Serb troops to withdraw last
spring, ethnic Albanians began attacking Serbs in revenge.
The NATO peacekeeping mission, which began after the bombing, has
shifted over the last eight months from facilitating the return of
refugees to protecting Serbs and Gypsies from the ethnic Albanian
reprisals.
"I would remind all parties in Kosovo that it was NATO that put an end
to organized ethnic cleansing and has worked to restore peace and
stability for all ethnic groups in the province," NATO Secretary-General
Lord George Robertson said in Brussels, Belgium.
---
RIEPILOGO DELLA SITUAZIONE NELLA PRIMA META' DI FEBBRAIO
Il mese di febbraio comincia come meglio non si potrebbe: il 2/II un
autobus di civili serbi in uscita dall'enclave-ghetto di Kosovska
Mitrovica e' stata attaccato a colpi di razzi anticarro. Risultato,
due morti e cinque feriti, nonche' una prevedibile recrudescenza della
guerra per bande: il giorno dopo, tre albanesi kosovari vengono
"cecchinati" a Mitrovica e due granate lanciate in locali frequentati
da serbi fanno circa venticinque feriti. Gli scontri sono proseguiti
nei giorni successivi, costringendo circa 550 persone a lasciare le
proprie case, tanto che il rappresentante russo della missione ONU
Sergej Ivanov ha denunciato la totale impotenza della "forza di pace"
e ha minacciato di ritirare il proprio contingente. Intanto,
proseguono gli incendi, i rapimenti, i pestaggi e le esercitazioni
nello sport di lanciare granate in case, negozi e locali serbi: il
4/II a Obilic; nello stesso giorno, viene presa a colpi di granata una
corsia dell'ospedale di Prizren, col ferimento grave di 4 pazienti
serbe; a Gnjilane, il 9/II, 5 bombe in 24 ore, mentre nella stessa
citta' un serbo era stato ammazzato a casa sua il 4/II; un altro
autobus carico di serbi e' stato bersagliato a Lipljan l'8/II,
fortunatamente senza vittime.
Non stupisce quindi che i non albanesi continuino a lasciare il
Kosovo, spinti dalla paura o dai rastrellamenti dell'UCK. Il 2/II, gli
ultimi slavi-musulmani (circa un migliaio), hanno abbandonato la
regione di Prizren per rifugiarsi a Novi Pazar (Serbia). La
piccola comunita' ebraica di Pristina era gia' stata costretta in
novembre a rifugiarsi a Belgrado. "E' stato terribile quando due
dozzine di uomini armati, albanesi di Albania a giudicare dall'accento
(!), hanno fatto irruzione nel nostro appartamento." - Dichiara il
capo dell'ex comunita' ebraica Cedomir Prlincevic al quotidiano
tedesco "Neues Deutschland" (22/XII) - "Mia madre, che ha ottant'anni,
ha avuto un infarto perche' si e' ricordata delle SS di Hitler, che
nel 1943 irruppero nel suo appartemento allo stesso modo". Come spesso
accade, anche in questo caso le forze di occupazione KFOR si erano
distinte per l'atteggiamento pilatesco.
Mentre 45.000 soldati KFOR armati fino ai denti ignorano la
sistematica pulizia etnica condotta in Kosovo, impiegati come sono ad
occupare a lungo termine e a fortificare i nodi strategici
fondamentali della regione per futuri obiettivi che niente hanno a che
fare col "peacekeeping" (la base americana di Camp Bondsteel, costo
36,6 milioni di dollari, 6300 presenze, e' destinata a rimpiazzare
Aviano come testa di ponte verso oriente), il contingente civile ONU
e' totalmente privo di fondi (le quote dell'UE e degli USA sono
"sotto" di 102 milioni di dollari secondo lo stesso Rappresentante
Generale della missione ONU B. Kouchner) e non ha ancora avviato
nessuna delle opere di ricostruzione previste. In compenso, secondo
un'inchiesta del "London Times" (5/II), nella regione fioriscono
traffico di droga, rapimento e tratta dei bambini, prostituzione
(quest'ultima merce anche ad usum delle stesse truppe KFOR).
Intanto, se la struttura amministrativa ad interim, patrocinata da B.
Kouchner e non prevista dagli accordi di pace, nasce gia' lacerata
dalle liti inter-albanesi (gli altri gruppi etnici non vi
partecipano), l'UCK non perde occasione per ribadire a modo suo
l'egemonia de facto sulla maggior parte dei comuni: Hasim Chuse,
leader di un piccolo partito democratico, e' stato ritrovato morto il
2/II con tre proiettili nella nuca, dopo essere sparito di casa il
19/I.
Anche su questo versante, ben poche le garanzie offerte dalle forze
KFOR: dopo la perquisizione, con sequestro di un arsenale, a casa del
fratello del leader UCK Hashim Thaci e dopo le indagini su altri
capibanda, e' bastato che il portavoce UCK Krasniqi indirizzasse a
Kouchner e al generale Klaus Reinhardt (comandante generale della
KFOR) una lettera minatoria, accusando la KFOR di "agire come i
criminali serbi", perche' i due alti papaveri della forza di
occupazione si scusassero direttamente con Thaci. La concordia e'
stata prontamente ristabilita, e pochi giorni dopo Kouchner e
Reinhardt hanno tenuto a battesimo il nuovo "Corpo di Protezione del
Kosovo", interamente targato UCK a cominciare dal suo comandante Agim
Ceku, ex ufficiale disertore dell'esercito jugoslavo, poi noto come il
piu' feroce fra i capi dei contras kosovari, responsabile del massacro
di 120 serbi a Gospic (Croazia) gia' nel 1991.
Oltre che alla pulizia di casa propria, i terroristi UCK si dedicano
con un certo successo anche ai rapporti internazionali: il Primo
Ministro bulgaro Ivan Kostov (destra nazionalista e filo-atlantica),
ha invitato Thaci a Sofia in visita ufficiale, probabilmente sperando
che cio' acceleri il tanto ambito ingresso della Bulgaria nell'UE e
nella NATO. Non bastera' certo a rovinare l'intesa il recente
sequestro (29/I) di 38 chili di eroina su un tir albanese alla
frontiera bulgara: il paese gioca infatti da anni un ruolo chiave
nella via della droga gestita dalle mafie turca, albanese e kosovara
(261 kg sequestrati in Bulgaria nel '99).
Si sa: "business is business", e parallelamente alla colonizzazione
delle strutture produttive kosovare (vedi "Rinascita" del 14/I), gli
occupanti occidentali non perdono tempo neanche sul fronte
finanziario. Il 24/I ha iniziato le attivita' la "Micro Enterprise
Bank" (MEB), un ente di credito industriale acquartierato presso la
Missione ONU e patrocinato e diretto dai governi tedesco e olandese
(amministratore generale: l'olandese Koen Wasmus). In una situazione
di assoluto monopolio finanziario dopo la distruzione forzata di tutti
i legami economici fra Pristina e Belgrado, la MEB promette di
diventare il principale volano di colonizzazione economica della
regione, in modo non dissimile da quanto gia' da tempo attuato in
Bosnia dalla "Banca Europea per la Ricostruzione e lo Sviluppo" (BERS,
non a caso uno dei principali finanziatori anche della MEB).
Guido Carpi
Universita' di Cassino
Fonti: Tanjug; FreeB92; Agence France Presse; Transnational Foundation
for Peace and Future Research; "Il Manifesto"; Reuters; IWPR's Balkan
Crisis Report.
---
Date: Monday, February 21, 2000 3:29 AM
Subject: [sorabia] NATO Dutch Mercenaries Torment Serb Women and Children in
Orahovac
>Dutch Rep Office to UN
>Attn. Office Manager/Ambassador
>United Nations
>New York, NY
>
>Copies: Foreign Missions to UN, Foreign Embasses to US, State Department,
> US Congress, Senate, US and Intermnationa Media,
Concerned
>/ Involved Individuals Across the World
>
>February 20, 2000
>
>Dear Sir, or Madam,
>
>The arrogant Dutch mercenaries under the pirate NATO flag, both the aerial
>and the ground butchers, have been rated by the civilized world as the most
>notorious brutes and barbarous savages in the recent cowardly, terrorist
>attack on a small nation of the Serbs, in the motley pack of the wild and
>blood thirsty NATO professional killers of the children, nannies, sick and
>defenseless victims, under the command of the even more vicious military
and
>civilian superiors.
>
>Known as the nation of cowards in defending their homeland in W.W.II, that
>graciously forgave the Germans for pulverized Rotterdam, but then the
loyal,
>rubber-spine lackeys, subservient butlers, shoeshine boys and dog-walkers
of
>the victorious German Nazi officers. Now the armed Dutch, under the NATO
safe
>skirt, have displayed their true colors in Kosovo: monstrous bullies for
the
>helpless Serb women and children in Orahovac, who found their match and
ally
>in the Albanian cutthroats, both in the service of the same masters in
Bonn,
>Washington and London.
>Once a colonial power, the Dutch have become faithful colonial servants for
>the US and German empires, diligently wagging the tail for a piece of a
>chewed off bone.
>I am hoping the Dutch hunters of the Serbs will someday leave their crushed
>bones in the Serb Kosovo sacred soil-to contaminate it, as did the British
>and US depleted uranium shells. The Netherlands could not stoop any lower
in
>disgrace.
>
> Respectfully
and
>Truly Yours,
>
> Tika
Jankovic
> San Jose,
>California
>
>
>
>
>
>Can children be war criminals?'
>by Abe de Vries
>(Translated from Trouw, Amsterdam daily newspaper)
>www.emperors-clothes.com
>
>BELGRADE
>
>"The sooner the Dutch 'Yellow Riders' leave Orahovac, the better. They're
>worse than the Germans," says Mirjana. "The soldiers are not so bad, but
the
>officers are terrible'', according to Natasha. "They admit that they're
only
>here for the Albanians, not for the Serbs,'' says Simka.
>
>Three women from Orahovac, who until recently lived there or who have
family
>there. This is their story, which differs substantially from the one
>lieutenant-colonel Tony van Loon, the commander of the Yellow Riders, has
>told. (Trouw, November 11). His artillery unit will soon be replaced. [See
>Note # 1 at end]
>
>The women read the interview with Van Loon. In their eyes the Yellow Riders
>don't have even one reason to be proud of themselves. "Dear sir,'' begins
an
>open letter from the Humanitarian Committee of Women from Orahovac, ''the
>fact that you turned Orahovac into a test field where the Serbs - without a
>possibility to leave because you pretend not to be able to give them
>protection - are thus forced to stay imprisoned in a ghetto - should not be
>something you should be proud of, nor should you leave Kosovo with a clear
>conscience. To keep the Serbs as prisoners this way is to deliver them to
the
>mercy of terrorists. If this is the way to create a multi-ethnic society,
>than such a society existed also in Warshaw during World War Two.''
>
>In Orahovac 2500 Serbs and 500 gypsies live a terrible life. They are
packed
>into a few streets with only KFOR [NATO] checkpoints separating them from
the
>extremely hostile Albanian majority in the rest of the town. They all want
to
>leave for Serbia or Montenegro. Only one thing is keeping them in Orahovac:
>the fact that the Dutch don't want to guarantee their safety if they
venture
>out of the ghetto.
>
>The Yellow Riders say they're searching for possible war criminals amongst
>the Serbs. A lot of Serbian men are afraid the KLA has put their names on a
>secret list of suspects, so they stay where they are.
>
>Mirjana (26), Natasha (27) and Simka (35) have difficulty believing the
>Serbian police really murdered hundreds of Albanian citizens in Orahovac
and
>the surrounding villages. According to the Yellow Riders, Serbian police
>reservists born in the area executed perhaps some thousand Albanians in
cold
>blood. Until now, 400 bodies have been found. Natasha: "There was a war
going
>on. The KLA attacked the army and the police, who were not saying: 'O
please,
>kill us.' I was in Orahovac myself when the war started. It was a
>psychologically unbearable situation. While NATO bombed us from the air,
>uniformed terrorists were everywhere in the city. In Orahovac and the
>villages everyday Serbs were killed.'' Mirjana: "A number of bodies that
were
>found could belong to Serbs. Villages like Velika Hoca, Retimlje, Zociste
and
>Opterusa were mainly inhabited by Serbs. In Retimlje alone 30 Serbs were
>murdered last year. Where are the bodies of the Serbs?'' Simka: "People say
>all kinds of things. It's because of the hatred Albanians have for the Serb
>police.'' Natasha: "Let's say some Serbs did commit war crimes. Do you
think
>they'll be waiting in Orahovac for Kfor to arrest them? Those who maybe
>really did something wrong are long gone.'' Mirjana: "My husband was
director
>of a municipal archive. If he hadn't left on time, he would probably also
now
>be considered a war criminal. But he is not a nationalist. He fired some
>Albanians because they didn't work well.''
>
>The women do not understand why KFOR refuses to let at least the children
go.
>Until now only one convoy of 155 Serbs was allowed to leave town. Guarded
by
>Dutch troops, it was attacked by a large crowd of Albanians in the vicinity
>of Pec. After that UNHCR, the refugee-agency of the United Nations, stopped
>its humanitarian evacuations in Kosovo. Natasha and Simka both tried
several
>times to take the children of their relatives back to Serbia. Without
>success.
>
>"Can children also be war criminals?'' asks Natasha. "I've cried and I've
>screamed'', says Simka. "But this Dutch officer just stood there and looked
>at me as through a mask. He didn't show any emotion. Nothing. It was just
not
>allowed.'' Simka recently returned from a visit to Orahovac. She says the
>situation there is worse than a couple of weeks ago. Many times there are
>days without electricity, she says. The Serbs cannot buy food in Albanian
>shops They rely on humanitarian organisations to help them. Albanians block
>the road to Pristina, to stop a Russian batallion from entering the town
(the
>Russians are scheduled to replace the Dutch), so all kinds of shortages
>exist.
>
>Simka: "With winter coming, the Serbs are in panic. They're afraid
everybody
>will forget about them. Now they can still drive to Velika Hoca, where many
>Serbs live, but the road is in bad condition and nobody clears up the snow.
>They'll be stuck.''
>
>A visit to Orahovac is only possible with KFOR protection. Visitors have to
>leave the same day. The Serbs in Orahovac are allowed to use a Red Cross
>satellite telephonefor one minute a week. According to the women, the phone
>is bugged. Mirjana: "The line is cut the moment someone says something
>negative about life in Orahovac."
>
>Mail can be delivered to the Red Cross, but the letters are first examined
by
>a censor. Relatives in Serbia get them with thick black lines through the
>text.
>
>Since the arrival of the Dutch soldiers more than 20 Serbs from Orahovac
have
>been kidnapped and 136 Serbian houses have been burned to the ground. One
of
>the missing Serbs is the husband of a translator who worked for the Yellow
>Riders. In none of these cases have the Dutch started an investigation, let
>alone succeeded in bringing someone back, says Simka.
>
>In 1998, some 50 Serbs were kidnapped. Nobody has heard from them since.
She
>asks why the Dutch, who arrested 11 Serb war crimes suspects, have never
>arrested an Albanian for war crimes. The Albanian Ismet Tara is Orahovac's
>KLA-commander. He would be the biggest criminal. Simka: "His uncle had the
>reputation in 1941 of being the worst fascist in town. My uncle, who was a
>Partizan, told me that.'' Mirjana mentions Sebajdin Cena, her teacher at
>school. "My parents and I were at his wedding. My father gave him his first
>job. He was recognized as one of the organizors of the kidnappings last
>year.''
>
>The Dutch, conclude the women, are one-sided, anti-Serb and don't do a
thing
>to improve the situation for the Serbs in Orahovac. Natasja: "With them,
>every day is worse than the day before''. Mirjana: "I don't think this
[Dutch
>Col.] Van Loon will ever sleep well again."
>
>***
>
>Note # 1 - The above article is second in a series by Trouw. The first
>consisted of an interview with Dutch KFOR (NATO) Commander Col. Tony van
>Loon. Excerpts from that article with comments by Simca and Natasha can be
>read by clicking on The Women of Orahovac Answer the Colonel or going to
>http://www.emperors-clothes.com/interviews/trouw.htm
>
>Note # 2 - To read interviews with the women from Orahovac, click on Save
the
>families: The women of Orahovac speak or go to
>http://www.emperors-clothes.com/misc/savethe.htm
>
>Enjoyed this article? Send it to a friend!
>
>To read more... please click here or go to http://www.emperors-clothes.com
>
>
>
>
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>Group Moderator: Ova adresa el. pošte je zaštićena od spambotova. Omogućite JavaScript da biste je videli.
>page at http://www.egroups.com/list/sorabia
>for more informations about current situation in Serbia
http://www.sorabia.home.dhs.org
>
>
---
-----Original Message-----
From: NATODOC <natodoc@...>
To: NATODATA@...
<NATODATA@...>
Date: Monday, February 21, 2000 8:47 AM
Subject: KFOR Press Update, 21 February 2000
>KFOR
>Press Update
>Delivered by Lieutenant Commander Philip Anido
>KFOR Spokesman
>
>PRISTINA - Monday, 21 February 2000
>KFOR Search Operation in Mitrovica
>KFOR soldiers, supported by UNMIK police, began a second day of searches in
>several neighbourhoods in Mitrovica this morning at 7 a.m. They are looking
>for small and large caches of illegal and dangerous weapons.
>Owners of the weapons will be detained and turned over to UNMIK police, and
>those who are suspected for having been involved in the recent violent
>actions will be arrested.
>Yesterday, 11 arrests were made, all for weapons violations. The men
>included 10 Albanians and one Serb. Following identification and
>interrogation, nine were released. One Albanian and one Serb remain in
>custody.
>The latest report of weapons confiscated includes:
>* 22 rifles
>* 8 blocks of plastic explosive
>* 1 heavy machine gun
>* 18 rifle magazines loaded with ammunition; 30 bullets per
>* 1 hunting rifle
>* 1000's of rounds of ammunition
>* 2 automatic pistols
>* 4 hand grenade
>The search operation will continue until General Dr. Klaus Reinhardt, the
>Commander of KFOR, is satisfied that illegal activities have been stopped
>and dangerous weapons are banned from Mitrovica.
>KFOR and UNMIK will not allow any illegal activities that perpetuate the
>cycle of violence or hold up the process of peace and reconciliation in
>Kosovo to continue.
>Approximately 2,500 KFOR troops from 12 nations are supporting the
operation
>in Mitrovica.
>Demonstration
>Twenty thousand Albanian citizens from Pristina and other communities are
>marching to Mitrovica today to protest the situation in that troubled city.
>The men, women and children are marching on foot and driving in cars, vans
>and busses.
>UNMIK police are following the parade and KFOR soldiers are monitoring the
>progress along the route using foot patrols, vehicles and helicopters.
>The organizers have called for a peaceful demonstration and have agreed
that
>the protesters will stop in Vucitrn south of the city. From there, 12
>representatives will be allowed to deliver a letter to UN officials in
>Mitrovica.
>By 4 p.m. the crowds on foot will be picked up by bus for the return trip
to
>Pristina.
>Incidents During the Past 24 Hours
>Searches and Weapons Confiscations
>Multinational Brigade East
>Yesterday in Kravarica, a KFOR patrol confiscated two rifles
>and a quantity of ammunition.
>Incidents and Injuries
>Multinational Brigade Centre
>Yesterday evening, KFOR Norwegian troops reported that a
>home-made bomb was thrown into an occupied Serb house. There were no
>injuries but there was damage to the house. KFOR are using specially
>trained dogs in their investigation.
>Arrests
>Multinational Brigade West
>Yesterday morning in Pec, KFOR Military Police and UNMIK
>police arrested a Montenegrin man in connection with the shooting of an
>Albanian on 19 February in Vitomirica.
---
STOP NATO: ¡NO PASARAN! - HTTP://WWW.STOPNATO.HOME-PAGE.ORG
[Finally, a headline has been assigned to this story
from the New York Times - by the Florida Sun Sentinel
- that doesn't grotesquely distort the truth.
For those who have been following the current state of
"Kosovo peacekeeping," in a province overrun by 50,000
NATO occupation troops an equal number of ethnic
Albanians "just happen" to gather in the capital city,
Pristina, and march 25 miles to Mitrovica.
Waving Albanian (that is, the nation of Albania's) and
American flags, the marchers - organized by whom, if
not the KLA? - are able to converge on Mitrovica
unhindered and ostensibly unnoticed by General
Reinhardt and his Balkans Korps, who are busy
ransacking Serb quarters in that city for non-existent
arms caches.
And then this from General Reinhardt: "They have
demonstrated how they want to live" - as they're
forcing their way through K-For cordons and
threatening God-knows-what violence should they
succeed - "and are demonstrating for a better future.
They want a united city."
They want a united city, indeed. United like Warsaw
became after Reinhardt's countrymen attacked the
Warsaw Ghetto some sixty-five years ago.
Beginning to sound surreal? No more than the entire
false rationale for NATO aggression and occupation in
the first place.]
_____________________________________________________
Thousands of Albanians rally to oust Serbs from city
in Kosovo
By CARLOTTA GALL
Web-posted: 10:55 p.m. Feb. 21, 2000
MITROVICA, Yugoslavia -- Thousands of ethnic Albanians
from throughout Kosovo marched on this divided city on
Monday and clashed with NATO-led troops who used tear
gas and fists to keep them from reaching the Serbian
district.
An estimated 25,000 protesters tried to cross the
main bridge that divides the Serb and Albanian
sections of this mining town, but were turned back as
thousands of Serbs stood watching from the other side.
The Albanians repeatedly pushed against the lines of
British and Canadian soldiers and French gendarmes as
fights broke out and demonstrators were hauled away.
Monday's showdown came as tensions continued to
build in the ethnically divided city of 90,000 people.
The violence of the past two weeks has left 11 people
dead and dozens wounded, including two French soldiers
who were shot in gun battles.
Wave after wave of protesters arrived Monday on
foot from Pristina, the capital of Kosovo province, 25
miles away, and from the western towns of Pec and
Srbica among others. Young men strode up the main
street waving red Albanian flags and banners as they
tried to breach the military lines.
Across the River Ibar, Serbs held the Serbian
tricolor aloft and played Serbian nationalist songs on
loudspeakers. For several hours peacekeepers struggled
to contain the crowd and French police resorted to
volley after volley of tear gas over the heads of the
British and Canadians, often leaving the soldiers
choking and retching along with the demonstrators.
By nightfall the protesters, some of whom had
walked for 10 hours, grew tired and drifted away. The
commander of the peacekeeping force, German Gen. Klaus
Reinhardt, climbed atop a British tank to talk to the
crowd. He praised his troops for their restraint and
said they had prevented any serious injuries or
consequences.
He also said he understood the demonstrators.
"They have shown the way they want to live and are
demonstrating for a better future. They want a united
city," he said.
But his words underlined the intractable problem
the city presents for the peacekeepers and the U.N.
administration. The Albanians all speak of liberating
the city, by which they mean moving back into the Serb
district en masse, which in turn would force the Serbs
to flee.
---
SERBIAN PROVINCE OF KOSOVO AND METOHIJA
BRUTAL AND BARBARIC ACT BY KFOR
KOSOVSKA MITROVICA, February 21 (Tanjug) - Jovica Jovanovic, a member of
the subcommittee for administration and legislature of the Yugoslav
committee for cooperation with the United Nations mission in Kosovo and
Metohija province, said on Sunday that the search of apartments and
institutions in northern Kosovska Mitrovica by international force KFOR
U.S. and German troops was a brutal, barbaric and uncivilized act.
Jovanovic told reporters he had been present during a search of the
Faculty of Technology. He saw troops break down with axes the doors of a
laboratory and other premises.
Jovanovic also toured the school of technology which had also been a
target of KFOR's barbaric activities.
He said it was not by accident that the barbaric action was carried out by
U.S. and German troops. The presence of numerous foreign reporters and TV
crew at the very time when the action took place, and their on-the-spot
reporting is proof that this was all stage-managed, Jovanovc said.
The leading players in this action - U.S. and German troops - were not
picked at random, because there are no more Serbs in the parts of Kosovo
and Metohija where these troops are deployed, he said.
Jovanovic said it was an act of ultimate cynicism when French troops
brought the principal of the School of Technology about a dozen cylinder
locks and padlocks to compensate for the incurred damage.
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
("Il Manifesto", Associated Press)
* Il punto della situazione... (G. Carpi)
* Ignobile comportamento dei "peacekeeper" olandesi ad Orahovac (Emperors
Clothes, Ova adresa el. pošte je zaštićena od spambotova. Omogućite JavaScript da biste je videli.)
* Devastato il settore nord di Mitrovica dalle truppe tedesche e statunitensi
"alla ricerca di armi" mentre in decine di migliaia marciano con bandiere
albanesi ed americane per chiedere la cacciata degli ultimi serbi rimasti.
Il comandante KFOR Reinhardt: "Stanno dimostrando per un futuro migliore"
(KFOR Press Update, stopnato@..., New York Times, Tanjug)
---
Da "Il manifesto" del 16 Febbraio 2000
KOSOVO/NATO-ONU
Ambulanza della "Missione Arcobaleno" trasportava armi a Mitrovica
Bernard Kouchner attacca il governo di Parigi: "Non mandate la polizia".
Verso le sue dimissioni?
- TOMMASO DI FRANCESCO -
L a notizia. Un'autoambulanza diretta a Kosovska Mitrovica, la città ancora
a ferro e fuoco nel nord del Kosovo, è finita fuori strada e al suo interno
la polizia dell'Onu ha scoperto un grosso carico di armi: 14 lanciarazzi,
182 granate, moltissime munizioni e sei casse di proiettili calibro 7,62 per
armi leggere. Secondo Andrea Angeli, portavoce della polizia Onu,
"l'incidente non è chiaro, non si sa se dell'autoambulanza fosse prima stato
denunciato un furto o che cosa...". Qual è il fatto esplosivo? E' che sulla
fiancata dell'autoambulanza svetta a lettere cubitali la scritta "Missione
Arcobaleno". L'autoambulanza risulta essere stata donata dal Cesvi, Ong di
Bergamo, all'ospedale di Glakovac - a circa 30-40 km da Pristina, nella
direzione di Pec sulla strada per Mitrovica - e quindi pagata con i soldi
della Missione Arcobaleno. Era stata forse rubata dall'ospedale per
trasportare armi - in Bosnia ambulanze dell'Onu sono spesso servite allo
stesso scopo - destinate agli albanesi di Mitrovica che riprendono la guerra
sparando per la prima volta sugli uomini del contingente francese della
Nato? Alla fine diranno che sì, era stata rubata. Ma la verità è che le armi
arrivano a Mitrovica dall'Uck che in Kosovo controlla tutto, dai comuni agli
ospedali, dalle strade ai fondi elargiti a piene mani da ampie strutture -
400 Ong solo a Pristina - che fanno riferimento all'Onu e
all'Amministratore, Bernard Kouchner. E questo perché l'Uck altro non è che
l'attuale Kpt (Kosovo Protection Corps) la nuova polizia voluta a tutti i
costi da Kouchner e dalla Nato che ha così riciclato, a partire dal
comandante Agim Ceku - su cui indaga il Tribunale dell'Aja - le sue
gerarchie di comando, i mezzi militari e le milizie.
Certo, è troppo presto per gettare discredito, anche qui, sulla Missione
Arcobaleno - anche se qualche risposta dal governo italiano dovrà pur
venire, come dallo stesso Kouchner che ogni giorno deve fare i conti con la
cappa di piombo del potere mafioso-malavitoso che in Kosovo controlla tutto.
Il fatto è che questa notizia-bomba, insieme alla crisi esplosiva della
città di Mitrovica, pongono all'ordine del giorno il nodo dei risultati
della guerra "umanitaria" della Nato. E sotto tiro è Bernard Kouchner.
Soprattutto dopo il duro scontro da lui avuto ieri addirittura con il
governo francese. Per il terzo mese di fila Kouchner ha accusato i governi
occidentali di non fornire forze di polizia all'Amministrazione Onu. Ieri ha
denunciato anche il comportamento di Parigi, che "dimentica di essere la
patria dei diritti umani" e dove "i politici francesi si 'sparano' addosso"
mentre a Mitrovica i cecchini albanesi sparano sui soldati francesi. Gli ha
risposto il ministro della difesa Jean Pierre Chevenement: "Quando si spara
sui soldati - ha detto duramente - l'aumento del numero dei poliziotti non è
forse la soluzione al problema". Uno scontro tutto interno alla sinistra di
governo che ha voluto l'intervento "umanitario".
La polemica ha raggiunto anche le Nazioni unite: Kouchner, dicono, non deve
pensare che la questione della sicurezza in Kosovo sia una questione "di
famiglia", tra lui e il governo francese. Un conflitto ingigantito dai fatti
di Mitrovica di questi giorni, dove cecchini albanesi hanno fatto fuoco sui
soldati della Nato per la prima volta, un ceccino albanese è stato ucciso e
la città è sotto coprifuoco, sempre divisa in due dal ponte sul fiume Ibar.
Kouchner, dicono fonti dell'Onu di Pristina, continua a ripetere che
"Mitrovica non è il simbolo del Kosovo", e qui sbaglia "perché i fatti di
Mitrovica sono proprio il simbolo di quello che ora il Kosovo rappresenta".
Lì le forze Kfor-Nato solo adesso difendono i serbi perché sono i pochi
serbi - cinquemila - rimasti in tutto il Kosovo, Mitrovica è il bantustan
più grosso con sacche di poche centinaia sparse a Pristina, Pec e in poche
altre parti. Dopo una mattanza su cui si è spesso taciuto che ha visto 500
civili serbi morire ammazzati dopo l'ingresso della Nato. Se i serbi
venissero cacciati anche da lì chi la racconterebbe più la favola degli
obiettivi multietnici? Sotto gli occhi della Nato l'Uck in sette mesi ha
cacciato dal Kosovo quasi 300.000 persone, serbi, albanesi
"collaborazionisti", goranci (serbi islamizzati, considerati agenti di
Belgrado) e tutti gli zingari le cui case sono state rase al suolo ovunque.
Mitrovica è il simbolo di tutto questo. Kouchner, su mandato Nato-Onu e di
tutti i governi europei, ha avviato di fatto l'indipendenza della regione
(con il libero corso del marco tedesco al posto del dinaro, con l'apertura
delle frontiere all'Albania, con le targhe autonome, con il governo senza
serbi, con la polizia emanazione dell'Uck, le telecomunicazioni a rete
autonoma da Belgrado - fra l'altro affidata alla francese Alcatel). Ma negli
accordi di pace il Kosovo resta regione della Serbia, e questo vogliono
ancora Unione europea e Stati uniti. Ora siamo nella palude. Washington
cerca in ogni modo di trovare una via d'uscita. Il cerino resta nelle mani
dell'Europa, e del signor Kouchner. A Pristina, negli ambienti Onu - come
alcuni giornali americani in questi giorni - dicono che le sfuriate di
Kouchner sulle forze di polizia che non arrivano, mentre incombe il
fallimento, sono una "dichiarazione d'impotenza, meglio a questo punto
passare la mano, girare pagina, meglio le sue dimissioni".
---
Weapons, ammunition found in ambulance in Kosovo
Associated Press
By ELENA BECATOROS
KOSOVSKA MITROVICA, Yugoslavia (February 15, 2000 10:57 a.m. EST
http://www.nandotimes.com) - Peacekeepers found a large stock of
powerful weapons and ammunition in an ambulance apparently driven by
ethnic Albanians and heading for this turbulent northern city, a NATO
spokesman said Tuesday.
The ambulance, its emergency signals flashing, veered off a road and
into a ditch while approaching a checkpoint outside Kosovska Mitrovica
late Monday, said Fabrice Turco, a spokesman for the French
peacekeepers. Peacekeepers found weapons and ammunition in the vehicle,
including 14 anti-tank rocket launchers and 182 high-explosive grenades,
NATO said.
The ambulance was marked with ethnic Albanian writing, which uses a
different alphabet from the Serb language. U.N. police were searching
Tuesday for the driver and a passenger, both of whom fled the vehicle
after it went into the ditch.
Kosovska Mitrovica has been a flashpoint for violence between the
province's ethnic Albanian and Serb populations for months. Unrest began
to escalate Feb. 2, when a grenade attack on a U.N. bus killed two
elderly Serbs.
Two French peacekeepers were injured by ethnic Albanian snipers here
over the weekend, and the NATO-led peacekeepers have arrested dozens of
people since. Of the 51 ethnic Albanians arrested, six have been
released.
In addition, the nightly curfew has been extended from seven hours to 12
hours. Under the new regulations, people are prohibited from circulating
on Kosovska Mitrovica's streets from 6 p.m. until 6 a.m.
The alliance reported no security incidents overnight, and the city was
calm. But a local ethnic Albanian human rights group said three more
Albanian families were forced to flee their homes on the northern,
Serb-controlled side of the city.
Additional Greek peacekeepers backed up by U.S. and Canadian soldiers
have been sent in to help cope with the weekend's outbreak of violence.
The peacekeepers are conducting extensive searches of houses and
buildings for weapons and other evidence of criminal intent.
Thousands of ethnic Albanians were killed by Serb forces during Yugoslav
President Slobodan Milosevic's 18-month crackdown against separatists in
Kosovo. After NATO bombing forced the Serb troops to withdraw last
spring, ethnic Albanians began attacking Serbs in revenge.
The NATO peacekeeping mission, which began after the bombing, has
shifted over the last eight months from facilitating the return of
refugees to protecting Serbs and Gypsies from the ethnic Albanian
reprisals.
"I would remind all parties in Kosovo that it was NATO that put an end
to organized ethnic cleansing and has worked to restore peace and
stability for all ethnic groups in the province," NATO Secretary-General
Lord George Robertson said in Brussels, Belgium.
---
RIEPILOGO DELLA SITUAZIONE NELLA PRIMA META' DI FEBBRAIO
Il mese di febbraio comincia come meglio non si potrebbe: il 2/II un
autobus di civili serbi in uscita dall'enclave-ghetto di Kosovska
Mitrovica e' stata attaccato a colpi di razzi anticarro. Risultato,
due morti e cinque feriti, nonche' una prevedibile recrudescenza della
guerra per bande: il giorno dopo, tre albanesi kosovari vengono
"cecchinati" a Mitrovica e due granate lanciate in locali frequentati
da serbi fanno circa venticinque feriti. Gli scontri sono proseguiti
nei giorni successivi, costringendo circa 550 persone a lasciare le
proprie case, tanto che il rappresentante russo della missione ONU
Sergej Ivanov ha denunciato la totale impotenza della "forza di pace"
e ha minacciato di ritirare il proprio contingente. Intanto,
proseguono gli incendi, i rapimenti, i pestaggi e le esercitazioni
nello sport di lanciare granate in case, negozi e locali serbi: il
4/II a Obilic; nello stesso giorno, viene presa a colpi di granata una
corsia dell'ospedale di Prizren, col ferimento grave di 4 pazienti
serbe; a Gnjilane, il 9/II, 5 bombe in 24 ore, mentre nella stessa
citta' un serbo era stato ammazzato a casa sua il 4/II; un altro
autobus carico di serbi e' stato bersagliato a Lipljan l'8/II,
fortunatamente senza vittime.
Non stupisce quindi che i non albanesi continuino a lasciare il
Kosovo, spinti dalla paura o dai rastrellamenti dell'UCK. Il 2/II, gli
ultimi slavi-musulmani (circa un migliaio), hanno abbandonato la
regione di Prizren per rifugiarsi a Novi Pazar (Serbia). La
piccola comunita' ebraica di Pristina era gia' stata costretta in
novembre a rifugiarsi a Belgrado. "E' stato terribile quando due
dozzine di uomini armati, albanesi di Albania a giudicare dall'accento
(!), hanno fatto irruzione nel nostro appartamento." - Dichiara il
capo dell'ex comunita' ebraica Cedomir Prlincevic al quotidiano
tedesco "Neues Deutschland" (22/XII) - "Mia madre, che ha ottant'anni,
ha avuto un infarto perche' si e' ricordata delle SS di Hitler, che
nel 1943 irruppero nel suo appartemento allo stesso modo". Come spesso
accade, anche in questo caso le forze di occupazione KFOR si erano
distinte per l'atteggiamento pilatesco.
Mentre 45.000 soldati KFOR armati fino ai denti ignorano la
sistematica pulizia etnica condotta in Kosovo, impiegati come sono ad
occupare a lungo termine e a fortificare i nodi strategici
fondamentali della regione per futuri obiettivi che niente hanno a che
fare col "peacekeeping" (la base americana di Camp Bondsteel, costo
36,6 milioni di dollari, 6300 presenze, e' destinata a rimpiazzare
Aviano come testa di ponte verso oriente), il contingente civile ONU
e' totalmente privo di fondi (le quote dell'UE e degli USA sono
"sotto" di 102 milioni di dollari secondo lo stesso Rappresentante
Generale della missione ONU B. Kouchner) e non ha ancora avviato
nessuna delle opere di ricostruzione previste. In compenso, secondo
un'inchiesta del "London Times" (5/II), nella regione fioriscono
traffico di droga, rapimento e tratta dei bambini, prostituzione
(quest'ultima merce anche ad usum delle stesse truppe KFOR).
Intanto, se la struttura amministrativa ad interim, patrocinata da B.
Kouchner e non prevista dagli accordi di pace, nasce gia' lacerata
dalle liti inter-albanesi (gli altri gruppi etnici non vi
partecipano), l'UCK non perde occasione per ribadire a modo suo
l'egemonia de facto sulla maggior parte dei comuni: Hasim Chuse,
leader di un piccolo partito democratico, e' stato ritrovato morto il
2/II con tre proiettili nella nuca, dopo essere sparito di casa il
19/I.
Anche su questo versante, ben poche le garanzie offerte dalle forze
KFOR: dopo la perquisizione, con sequestro di un arsenale, a casa del
fratello del leader UCK Hashim Thaci e dopo le indagini su altri
capibanda, e' bastato che il portavoce UCK Krasniqi indirizzasse a
Kouchner e al generale Klaus Reinhardt (comandante generale della
KFOR) una lettera minatoria, accusando la KFOR di "agire come i
criminali serbi", perche' i due alti papaveri della forza di
occupazione si scusassero direttamente con Thaci. La concordia e'
stata prontamente ristabilita, e pochi giorni dopo Kouchner e
Reinhardt hanno tenuto a battesimo il nuovo "Corpo di Protezione del
Kosovo", interamente targato UCK a cominciare dal suo comandante Agim
Ceku, ex ufficiale disertore dell'esercito jugoslavo, poi noto come il
piu' feroce fra i capi dei contras kosovari, responsabile del massacro
di 120 serbi a Gospic (Croazia) gia' nel 1991.
Oltre che alla pulizia di casa propria, i terroristi UCK si dedicano
con un certo successo anche ai rapporti internazionali: il Primo
Ministro bulgaro Ivan Kostov (destra nazionalista e filo-atlantica),
ha invitato Thaci a Sofia in visita ufficiale, probabilmente sperando
che cio' acceleri il tanto ambito ingresso della Bulgaria nell'UE e
nella NATO. Non bastera' certo a rovinare l'intesa il recente
sequestro (29/I) di 38 chili di eroina su un tir albanese alla
frontiera bulgara: il paese gioca infatti da anni un ruolo chiave
nella via della droga gestita dalle mafie turca, albanese e kosovara
(261 kg sequestrati in Bulgaria nel '99).
Si sa: "business is business", e parallelamente alla colonizzazione
delle strutture produttive kosovare (vedi "Rinascita" del 14/I), gli
occupanti occidentali non perdono tempo neanche sul fronte
finanziario. Il 24/I ha iniziato le attivita' la "Micro Enterprise
Bank" (MEB), un ente di credito industriale acquartierato presso la
Missione ONU e patrocinato e diretto dai governi tedesco e olandese
(amministratore generale: l'olandese Koen Wasmus). In una situazione
di assoluto monopolio finanziario dopo la distruzione forzata di tutti
i legami economici fra Pristina e Belgrado, la MEB promette di
diventare il principale volano di colonizzazione economica della
regione, in modo non dissimile da quanto gia' da tempo attuato in
Bosnia dalla "Banca Europea per la Ricostruzione e lo Sviluppo" (BERS,
non a caso uno dei principali finanziatori anche della MEB).
Guido Carpi
Universita' di Cassino
Fonti: Tanjug; FreeB92; Agence France Presse; Transnational Foundation
for Peace and Future Research; "Il Manifesto"; Reuters; IWPR's Balkan
Crisis Report.
---
Date: Monday, February 21, 2000 3:29 AM
Subject: [sorabia] NATO Dutch Mercenaries Torment Serb Women and Children in
Orahovac
>Dutch Rep Office to UN
>Attn. Office Manager/Ambassador
>United Nations
>New York, NY
>
>Copies: Foreign Missions to UN, Foreign Embasses to US, State Department,
> US Congress, Senate, US and Intermnationa Media,
Concerned
>/ Involved Individuals Across the World
>
>February 20, 2000
>
>Dear Sir, or Madam,
>
>The arrogant Dutch mercenaries under the pirate NATO flag, both the aerial
>and the ground butchers, have been rated by the civilized world as the most
>notorious brutes and barbarous savages in the recent cowardly, terrorist
>attack on a small nation of the Serbs, in the motley pack of the wild and
>blood thirsty NATO professional killers of the children, nannies, sick and
>defenseless victims, under the command of the even more vicious military
and
>civilian superiors.
>
>Known as the nation of cowards in defending their homeland in W.W.II, that
>graciously forgave the Germans for pulverized Rotterdam, but then the
loyal,
>rubber-spine lackeys, subservient butlers, shoeshine boys and dog-walkers
of
>the victorious German Nazi officers. Now the armed Dutch, under the NATO
safe
>skirt, have displayed their true colors in Kosovo: monstrous bullies for
the
>helpless Serb women and children in Orahovac, who found their match and
ally
>in the Albanian cutthroats, both in the service of the same masters in
Bonn,
>Washington and London.
>Once a colonial power, the Dutch have become faithful colonial servants for
>the US and German empires, diligently wagging the tail for a piece of a
>chewed off bone.
>I am hoping the Dutch hunters of the Serbs will someday leave their crushed
>bones in the Serb Kosovo sacred soil-to contaminate it, as did the British
>and US depleted uranium shells. The Netherlands could not stoop any lower
in
>disgrace.
>
> Respectfully
and
>Truly Yours,
>
> Tika
Jankovic
> San Jose,
>California
>
>
>
>
>
>Can children be war criminals?'
>by Abe de Vries
>(Translated from Trouw, Amsterdam daily newspaper)
>www.emperors-clothes.com
>
>BELGRADE
>
>"The sooner the Dutch 'Yellow Riders' leave Orahovac, the better. They're
>worse than the Germans," says Mirjana. "The soldiers are not so bad, but
the
>officers are terrible'', according to Natasha. "They admit that they're
only
>here for the Albanians, not for the Serbs,'' says Simka.
>
>Three women from Orahovac, who until recently lived there or who have
family
>there. This is their story, which differs substantially from the one
>lieutenant-colonel Tony van Loon, the commander of the Yellow Riders, has
>told. (Trouw, November 11). His artillery unit will soon be replaced. [See
>Note # 1 at end]
>
>The women read the interview with Van Loon. In their eyes the Yellow Riders
>don't have even one reason to be proud of themselves. "Dear sir,'' begins
an
>open letter from the Humanitarian Committee of Women from Orahovac, ''the
>fact that you turned Orahovac into a test field where the Serbs - without a
>possibility to leave because you pretend not to be able to give them
>protection - are thus forced to stay imprisoned in a ghetto - should not be
>something you should be proud of, nor should you leave Kosovo with a clear
>conscience. To keep the Serbs as prisoners this way is to deliver them to
the
>mercy of terrorists. If this is the way to create a multi-ethnic society,
>than such a society existed also in Warshaw during World War Two.''
>
>In Orahovac 2500 Serbs and 500 gypsies live a terrible life. They are
packed
>into a few streets with only KFOR [NATO] checkpoints separating them from
the
>extremely hostile Albanian majority in the rest of the town. They all want
to
>leave for Serbia or Montenegro. Only one thing is keeping them in Orahovac:
>the fact that the Dutch don't want to guarantee their safety if they
venture
>out of the ghetto.
>
>The Yellow Riders say they're searching for possible war criminals amongst
>the Serbs. A lot of Serbian men are afraid the KLA has put their names on a
>secret list of suspects, so they stay where they are.
>
>Mirjana (26), Natasha (27) and Simka (35) have difficulty believing the
>Serbian police really murdered hundreds of Albanian citizens in Orahovac
and
>the surrounding villages. According to the Yellow Riders, Serbian police
>reservists born in the area executed perhaps some thousand Albanians in
cold
>blood. Until now, 400 bodies have been found. Natasha: "There was a war
going
>on. The KLA attacked the army and the police, who were not saying: 'O
please,
>kill us.' I was in Orahovac myself when the war started. It was a
>psychologically unbearable situation. While NATO bombed us from the air,
>uniformed terrorists were everywhere in the city. In Orahovac and the
>villages everyday Serbs were killed.'' Mirjana: "A number of bodies that
were
>found could belong to Serbs. Villages like Velika Hoca, Retimlje, Zociste
and
>Opterusa were mainly inhabited by Serbs. In Retimlje alone 30 Serbs were
>murdered last year. Where are the bodies of the Serbs?'' Simka: "People say
>all kinds of things. It's because of the hatred Albanians have for the Serb
>police.'' Natasha: "Let's say some Serbs did commit war crimes. Do you
think
>they'll be waiting in Orahovac for Kfor to arrest them? Those who maybe
>really did something wrong are long gone.'' Mirjana: "My husband was
director
>of a municipal archive. If he hadn't left on time, he would probably also
now
>be considered a war criminal. But he is not a nationalist. He fired some
>Albanians because they didn't work well.''
>
>The women do not understand why KFOR refuses to let at least the children
go.
>Until now only one convoy of 155 Serbs was allowed to leave town. Guarded
by
>Dutch troops, it was attacked by a large crowd of Albanians in the vicinity
>of Pec. After that UNHCR, the refugee-agency of the United Nations, stopped
>its humanitarian evacuations in Kosovo. Natasha and Simka both tried
several
>times to take the children of their relatives back to Serbia. Without
>success.
>
>"Can children also be war criminals?'' asks Natasha. "I've cried and I've
>screamed'', says Simka. "But this Dutch officer just stood there and looked
>at me as through a mask. He didn't show any emotion. Nothing. It was just
not
>allowed.'' Simka recently returned from a visit to Orahovac. She says the
>situation there is worse than a couple of weeks ago. Many times there are
>days without electricity, she says. The Serbs cannot buy food in Albanian
>shops They rely on humanitarian organisations to help them. Albanians block
>the road to Pristina, to stop a Russian batallion from entering the town
(the
>Russians are scheduled to replace the Dutch), so all kinds of shortages
>exist.
>
>Simka: "With winter coming, the Serbs are in panic. They're afraid
everybody
>will forget about them. Now they can still drive to Velika Hoca, where many
>Serbs live, but the road is in bad condition and nobody clears up the snow.
>They'll be stuck.''
>
>A visit to Orahovac is only possible with KFOR protection. Visitors have to
>leave the same day. The Serbs in Orahovac are allowed to use a Red Cross
>satellite telephonefor one minute a week. According to the women, the phone
>is bugged. Mirjana: "The line is cut the moment someone says something
>negative about life in Orahovac."
>
>Mail can be delivered to the Red Cross, but the letters are first examined
by
>a censor. Relatives in Serbia get them with thick black lines through the
>text.
>
>Since the arrival of the Dutch soldiers more than 20 Serbs from Orahovac
have
>been kidnapped and 136 Serbian houses have been burned to the ground. One
of
>the missing Serbs is the husband of a translator who worked for the Yellow
>Riders. In none of these cases have the Dutch started an investigation, let
>alone succeeded in bringing someone back, says Simka.
>
>In 1998, some 50 Serbs were kidnapped. Nobody has heard from them since.
She
>asks why the Dutch, who arrested 11 Serb war crimes suspects, have never
>arrested an Albanian for war crimes. The Albanian Ismet Tara is Orahovac's
>KLA-commander. He would be the biggest criminal. Simka: "His uncle had the
>reputation in 1941 of being the worst fascist in town. My uncle, who was a
>Partizan, told me that.'' Mirjana mentions Sebajdin Cena, her teacher at
>school. "My parents and I were at his wedding. My father gave him his first
>job. He was recognized as one of the organizors of the kidnappings last
>year.''
>
>The Dutch, conclude the women, are one-sided, anti-Serb and don't do a
thing
>to improve the situation for the Serbs in Orahovac. Natasja: "With them,
>every day is worse than the day before''. Mirjana: "I don't think this
[Dutch
>Col.] Van Loon will ever sleep well again."
>
>***
>
>Note # 1 - The above article is second in a series by Trouw. The first
>consisted of an interview with Dutch KFOR (NATO) Commander Col. Tony van
>Loon. Excerpts from that article with comments by Simca and Natasha can be
>read by clicking on The Women of Orahovac Answer the Colonel or going to
>http://www.emperors-clothes.com/interviews/trouw.htm
>
>Note # 2 - To read interviews with the women from Orahovac, click on Save
the
>families: The women of Orahovac speak or go to
>http://www.emperors-clothes.com/misc/savethe.htm
>
>Enjoyed this article? Send it to a friend!
>
>To read more... please click here or go to http://www.emperors-clothes.com
>
>
>
>
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>Group Moderator: Ova adresa el. pošte je zaštićena od spambotova. Omogućite JavaScript da biste je videli.
>page at http://www.egroups.com/list/sorabia
>for more informations about current situation in Serbia
http://www.sorabia.home.dhs.org
>
>
---
-----Original Message-----
From: NATODOC <natodoc@...>
To: NATODATA@...
<NATODATA@...>
Date: Monday, February 21, 2000 8:47 AM
Subject: KFOR Press Update, 21 February 2000
>KFOR
>Press Update
>Delivered by Lieutenant Commander Philip Anido
>KFOR Spokesman
>
>PRISTINA - Monday, 21 February 2000
>KFOR Search Operation in Mitrovica
>KFOR soldiers, supported by UNMIK police, began a second day of searches in
>several neighbourhoods in Mitrovica this morning at 7 a.m. They are looking
>for small and large caches of illegal and dangerous weapons.
>Owners of the weapons will be detained and turned over to UNMIK police, and
>those who are suspected for having been involved in the recent violent
>actions will be arrested.
>Yesterday, 11 arrests were made, all for weapons violations. The men
>included 10 Albanians and one Serb. Following identification and
>interrogation, nine were released. One Albanian and one Serb remain in
>custody.
>The latest report of weapons confiscated includes:
>* 22 rifles
>* 8 blocks of plastic explosive
>* 1 heavy machine gun
>* 18 rifle magazines loaded with ammunition; 30 bullets per
>* 1 hunting rifle
>* 1000's of rounds of ammunition
>* 2 automatic pistols
>* 4 hand grenade
>The search operation will continue until General Dr. Klaus Reinhardt, the
>Commander of KFOR, is satisfied that illegal activities have been stopped
>and dangerous weapons are banned from Mitrovica.
>KFOR and UNMIK will not allow any illegal activities that perpetuate the
>cycle of violence or hold up the process of peace and reconciliation in
>Kosovo to continue.
>Approximately 2,500 KFOR troops from 12 nations are supporting the
operation
>in Mitrovica.
>Demonstration
>Twenty thousand Albanian citizens from Pristina and other communities are
>marching to Mitrovica today to protest the situation in that troubled city.
>The men, women and children are marching on foot and driving in cars, vans
>and busses.
>UNMIK police are following the parade and KFOR soldiers are monitoring the
>progress along the route using foot patrols, vehicles and helicopters.
>The organizers have called for a peaceful demonstration and have agreed
that
>the protesters will stop in Vucitrn south of the city. From there, 12
>representatives will be allowed to deliver a letter to UN officials in
>Mitrovica.
>By 4 p.m. the crowds on foot will be picked up by bus for the return trip
to
>Pristina.
>Incidents During the Past 24 Hours
>Searches and Weapons Confiscations
>Multinational Brigade East
>Yesterday in Kravarica, a KFOR patrol confiscated two rifles
>and a quantity of ammunition.
>Incidents and Injuries
>Multinational Brigade Centre
>Yesterday evening, KFOR Norwegian troops reported that a
>home-made bomb was thrown into an occupied Serb house. There were no
>injuries but there was damage to the house. KFOR are using specially
>trained dogs in their investigation.
>Arrests
>Multinational Brigade West
>Yesterday morning in Pec, KFOR Military Police and UNMIK
>police arrested a Montenegrin man in connection with the shooting of an
>Albanian on 19 February in Vitomirica.
---
STOP NATO: ¡NO PASARAN! - HTTP://WWW.STOPNATO.HOME-PAGE.ORG
[Finally, a headline has been assigned to this story
from the New York Times - by the Florida Sun Sentinel
- that doesn't grotesquely distort the truth.
For those who have been following the current state of
"Kosovo peacekeeping," in a province overrun by 50,000
NATO occupation troops an equal number of ethnic
Albanians "just happen" to gather in the capital city,
Pristina, and march 25 miles to Mitrovica.
Waving Albanian (that is, the nation of Albania's) and
American flags, the marchers - organized by whom, if
not the KLA? - are able to converge on Mitrovica
unhindered and ostensibly unnoticed by General
Reinhardt and his Balkans Korps, who are busy
ransacking Serb quarters in that city for non-existent
arms caches.
And then this from General Reinhardt: "They have
demonstrated how they want to live" - as they're
forcing their way through K-For cordons and
threatening God-knows-what violence should they
succeed - "and are demonstrating for a better future.
They want a united city."
They want a united city, indeed. United like Warsaw
became after Reinhardt's countrymen attacked the
Warsaw Ghetto some sixty-five years ago.
Beginning to sound surreal? No more than the entire
false rationale for NATO aggression and occupation in
the first place.]
_____________________________________________________
Thousands of Albanians rally to oust Serbs from city
in Kosovo
By CARLOTTA GALL
Web-posted: 10:55 p.m. Feb. 21, 2000
MITROVICA, Yugoslavia -- Thousands of ethnic Albanians
from throughout Kosovo marched on this divided city on
Monday and clashed with NATO-led troops who used tear
gas and fists to keep them from reaching the Serbian
district.
An estimated 25,000 protesters tried to cross the
main bridge that divides the Serb and Albanian
sections of this mining town, but were turned back as
thousands of Serbs stood watching from the other side.
The Albanians repeatedly pushed against the lines of
British and Canadian soldiers and French gendarmes as
fights broke out and demonstrators were hauled away.
Monday's showdown came as tensions continued to
build in the ethnically divided city of 90,000 people.
The violence of the past two weeks has left 11 people
dead and dozens wounded, including two French soldiers
who were shot in gun battles.
Wave after wave of protesters arrived Monday on
foot from Pristina, the capital of Kosovo province, 25
miles away, and from the western towns of Pec and
Srbica among others. Young men strode up the main
street waving red Albanian flags and banners as they
tried to breach the military lines.
Across the River Ibar, Serbs held the Serbian
tricolor aloft and played Serbian nationalist songs on
loudspeakers. For several hours peacekeepers struggled
to contain the crowd and French police resorted to
volley after volley of tear gas over the heads of the
British and Canadians, often leaving the soldiers
choking and retching along with the demonstrators.
By nightfall the protesters, some of whom had
walked for 10 hours, grew tired and drifted away. The
commander of the peacekeeping force, German Gen. Klaus
Reinhardt, climbed atop a British tank to talk to the
crowd. He praised his troops for their restraint and
said they had prevented any serious injuries or
consequences.
He also said he understood the demonstrators.
"They have shown the way they want to live and are
demonstrating for a better future. They want a united
city," he said.
But his words underlined the intractable problem
the city presents for the peacekeepers and the U.N.
administration. The Albanians all speak of liberating
the city, by which they mean moving back into the Serb
district en masse, which in turn would force the Serbs
to flee.
---
SERBIAN PROVINCE OF KOSOVO AND METOHIJA
BRUTAL AND BARBARIC ACT BY KFOR
KOSOVSKA MITROVICA, February 21 (Tanjug) - Jovica Jovanovic, a member of
the subcommittee for administration and legislature of the Yugoslav
committee for cooperation with the United Nations mission in Kosovo and
Metohija province, said on Sunday that the search of apartments and
institutions in northern Kosovska Mitrovica by international force KFOR
U.S. and German troops was a brutal, barbaric and uncivilized act.
Jovanovic told reporters he had been present during a search of the
Faculty of Technology. He saw troops break down with axes the doors of a
laboratory and other premises.
Jovanovic also toured the school of technology which had also been a
target of KFOR's barbaric activities.
He said it was not by accident that the barbaric action was carried out by
U.S. and German troops. The presence of numerous foreign reporters and TV
crew at the very time when the action took place, and their on-the-spot
reporting is proof that this was all stage-managed, Jovanovc said.
The leading players in this action - U.S. and German troops - were not
picked at random, because there are no more Serbs in the parts of Kosovo
and Metohija where these troops are deployed, he said.
Jovanovic said it was an act of ultimate cynicism when French troops
brought the principal of the School of Technology about a dozen cylinder
locks and padlocks to compensate for the incurred damage.
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
I SOCIALISTI NELLE ELEZIONI IN CROAZIA
Le recenti elezioni politiche in Croazia, vinte dai socialdemocratici di
Racan, sono state le prime cui ha partecipato la Socijalisticka Radnicka
Partija Hrvatske [SRP], formazione nata del 1997. Diversamente dagli altri
raggruppamenti, la SRP non e' entrata in alcuna coalizione con altre forze
politiche perche' - nelle parole del suo presidente Stipe Suvar - "noi siamo
per il socialismo del XXI secolo, mentre gli altri non vogliono sentir
nemmeno parlare di qualche tipo di socialismo".
La SRP ha ottenuto una percentuale di voti prossima all'uno per cento,
raccogliendo consensi soprattutto in Istria e nelle zone costiere. Sulla
base dell'analisi dello stesso Suvar, sotto riportata, alla SRP
auguriamo una crescita costante ed un piu' forte radicamento territoriale
ed organizzativo per il futuro. CRJ
---
Lettera del presidente del Partito Socialista Operaio della
Croazia Stipe Suvar alle organizzazioni ed agli iscritti
Zagreb, 5. sijeènja 1999.
Pismo predsjednika organizacijama i èlanovima
SRP je na izborima prošao relativno
dobro, kad se uzme u obzir da su u Sabor
ušle samo dvije koalicije koje æe preuzeti
vlast (dvojka + èetvorka), oèerupani i
pokunjeni HDZ, koji æe se ubrzano
dezintegrirati i dvojac s bukaèke desnice
(Ðapiæ - Veselica).
A nisu ušle stranke s desnice koje su
buèno najavljivale osvajanje mnoštva
mandata, Merèepova HPS i Prkaèinova NH.
ASH se prikljuèio “èetvorki”, ali njihov nijedan
kandidat nije se domogao mandata. SDU je
dobio minimalan broj glasova u tri izborne
jedinice, u kojima je nastupao.
Mjesta u Saboru takoðer nije osvojila ni jedna
regionalna stranka, osim onih koje su
zastupljene u dvije pobjednièke koalicije, ili
stranka nacionalnih manjina (ni Srpska
samostalna demokratska stranka).
Po izbornim rezultatima, SRP se probio na
treæe ili èetvrto mjesto meðu 31 stranke i 20
nezavisnih lista koje nisu ušle u Sabor (više
glasova od SRP-a dobile su jedino Hrvatska
stranka umirovljenika, Merèepova Hrvatska
puèka stranka i Paragina Hrvatska stranka
prava 1861).
Na izbore smo išli bez ikakvih para, osim
dobrovoljnih priloga naših èlanova, pa nismo
mogli plaæati ni reklame, ni prevoziti ljude
autobusima, ni prireðivati koncerte, ni tiskati i
masovno lijepiti plakate.
Naše su organizacije i èlanovi iskazali veliki
entuzijazam i požrtvovanje u animiranju ljudi,
prireðivanju predizbornih skupova, tiskanju,
dijeljenju i lijepljenju plakata koje su sami, iz
svojih sredstava tiskali, te u skupljanju priloga
za plaæanje dvorana. Naši su kandidati
sami sebi plaæali putne troškove, itd. Sve
to raduje i ohrabruje.
Stekli smo dragocjena iskustva za
iduæe izbore. Najteže je prvi puta izaæi pred
biraèe, zar ne?
Prema SRP-u postoji još mnogo predrasuda, a i
strah kod mnogih da nam pristupe ili da se
odazovu na naše skupove. No, nadajmo se da
æe i to jenjavati.
Naši istupi u predizbornoj kampanji bili su u
pravilu dobri. Pokazalo se da imamo mnogo
sposobnih ljudi koji mogu u ime stranke
istupati, i tumaèiti njezin program i politiku.
U cjelini, SRP je izašao iz poluilegale, u kojoj su
ga drugi držali i predstavio se najširoj hrvatskoj
javnosti kao stranka ozbiljnih namjera!
Kada smo osnivali SRP u listopadu 1997.
godine, u Hrvatskoj se gotovo nije smjelo
izjašnjavati za bilo kakav socijalizam, pa makar
i u buduænosti. Valjda æe u godinama pred
nama sve više ljudi i u Hrvatskoj shvaæati da
zalaganje za socijalizam 21. stoljeæa nije
donkihotsko. A tome bi trebala pridonijeti i
smjena na vlasti, premda se SDP ne izjašnjava
za socijalizam i premda se neæe i sam ponašati
kao istinska lijeva stranka.
Za SRP je sada najvažnije da pridobija mlade i
posebno da se širi Mlada demokratska ljevica
Hrvatske.
U toku veljaèe ili ožujka 2000. godine održat
æemo izborno-izvještajnu skupštinu SRP-a,
ponovo birati naša rukovodeæa tijela, dopuniti
Porgramsku deklaraciju, izvršiti neke izmjene
Statuta, pa æe to biti prilika i da vidimo što je
SRP postigao u dvije godine postojanja i što
mu je èiniti u iduæe dvije godine.
Mnogi ljudi koji su po svojim uvjerenjima na
liniji SRP-a i kojima je on blizak ovaj put su
glasali za koaliciju SDP-HSLS, želeæi time
pridonijeti HDZ-ovom silasku s vlasti. A ako se
ta koalicija ne pokaže vjerodostojna i ako se u
praksi ne potvrdi da odluèno raskida sa ZNA SE
politikom, ljudi æe sve više prilaziti SRP-u, tim
više ako budemo kao stranka agilni, ako se
budemo pravovremeno oglašavali i izlazili sa
svojim prijedlozima i zahtjevima u
odnosu na novu vlast.
Možda uskoro doðe i do izvanrednih izbora, a u
tom æe sluèaju SRP, nema nikakve sumnje,
mnogo bolje proæi!
Prema tome, na izlazak SRP-a na izbore 3.
sijeènja 2000. trebamo gledati kao na poèetak
naše jaèe prisutnosti na hrvatskoj politièkoj
sceni i našeg veæeg utjecaja, a ne kao na
nekakav (relativni) neuspjeh.
Po svoj prilici, ostat æemo jedina lijeva stranka
u Hrvatskoj, jer se druge neæe potvrditi kao
takve ili æe se ugasiti.
Moramo se širiti, osnivati nove organizacije
SRP-a, pridobijati nove èlanove i potvrðivati
svoju prisutnost u dnevnom pulsiranju
politièkog života.
U to ime sve vas pozdravljam i svima
želim sretnu 2000. godinu!
Stipe Šuvar, v.r.
http://srp.hr
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
Le recenti elezioni politiche in Croazia, vinte dai socialdemocratici di
Racan, sono state le prime cui ha partecipato la Socijalisticka Radnicka
Partija Hrvatske [SRP], formazione nata del 1997. Diversamente dagli altri
raggruppamenti, la SRP non e' entrata in alcuna coalizione con altre forze
politiche perche' - nelle parole del suo presidente Stipe Suvar - "noi siamo
per il socialismo del XXI secolo, mentre gli altri non vogliono sentir
nemmeno parlare di qualche tipo di socialismo".
La SRP ha ottenuto una percentuale di voti prossima all'uno per cento,
raccogliendo consensi soprattutto in Istria e nelle zone costiere. Sulla
base dell'analisi dello stesso Suvar, sotto riportata, alla SRP
auguriamo una crescita costante ed un piu' forte radicamento territoriale
ed organizzativo per il futuro. CRJ
---
Lettera del presidente del Partito Socialista Operaio della
Croazia Stipe Suvar alle organizzazioni ed agli iscritti
Zagreb, 5. sijeènja 1999.
Pismo predsjednika organizacijama i èlanovima
SRP je na izborima prošao relativno
dobro, kad se uzme u obzir da su u Sabor
ušle samo dvije koalicije koje æe preuzeti
vlast (dvojka + èetvorka), oèerupani i
pokunjeni HDZ, koji æe se ubrzano
dezintegrirati i dvojac s bukaèke desnice
(Ðapiæ - Veselica).
A nisu ušle stranke s desnice koje su
buèno najavljivale osvajanje mnoštva
mandata, Merèepova HPS i Prkaèinova NH.
ASH se prikljuèio “èetvorki”, ali njihov nijedan
kandidat nije se domogao mandata. SDU je
dobio minimalan broj glasova u tri izborne
jedinice, u kojima je nastupao.
Mjesta u Saboru takoðer nije osvojila ni jedna
regionalna stranka, osim onih koje su
zastupljene u dvije pobjednièke koalicije, ili
stranka nacionalnih manjina (ni Srpska
samostalna demokratska stranka).
Po izbornim rezultatima, SRP se probio na
treæe ili èetvrto mjesto meðu 31 stranke i 20
nezavisnih lista koje nisu ušle u Sabor (više
glasova od SRP-a dobile su jedino Hrvatska
stranka umirovljenika, Merèepova Hrvatska
puèka stranka i Paragina Hrvatska stranka
prava 1861).
Na izbore smo išli bez ikakvih para, osim
dobrovoljnih priloga naših èlanova, pa nismo
mogli plaæati ni reklame, ni prevoziti ljude
autobusima, ni prireðivati koncerte, ni tiskati i
masovno lijepiti plakate.
Naše su organizacije i èlanovi iskazali veliki
entuzijazam i požrtvovanje u animiranju ljudi,
prireðivanju predizbornih skupova, tiskanju,
dijeljenju i lijepljenju plakata koje su sami, iz
svojih sredstava tiskali, te u skupljanju priloga
za plaæanje dvorana. Naši su kandidati
sami sebi plaæali putne troškove, itd. Sve
to raduje i ohrabruje.
Stekli smo dragocjena iskustva za
iduæe izbore. Najteže je prvi puta izaæi pred
biraèe, zar ne?
Prema SRP-u postoji još mnogo predrasuda, a i
strah kod mnogih da nam pristupe ili da se
odazovu na naše skupove. No, nadajmo se da
æe i to jenjavati.
Naši istupi u predizbornoj kampanji bili su u
pravilu dobri. Pokazalo se da imamo mnogo
sposobnih ljudi koji mogu u ime stranke
istupati, i tumaèiti njezin program i politiku.
U cjelini, SRP je izašao iz poluilegale, u kojoj su
ga drugi držali i predstavio se najširoj hrvatskoj
javnosti kao stranka ozbiljnih namjera!
Kada smo osnivali SRP u listopadu 1997.
godine, u Hrvatskoj se gotovo nije smjelo
izjašnjavati za bilo kakav socijalizam, pa makar
i u buduænosti. Valjda æe u godinama pred
nama sve više ljudi i u Hrvatskoj shvaæati da
zalaganje za socijalizam 21. stoljeæa nije
donkihotsko. A tome bi trebala pridonijeti i
smjena na vlasti, premda se SDP ne izjašnjava
za socijalizam i premda se neæe i sam ponašati
kao istinska lijeva stranka.
Za SRP je sada najvažnije da pridobija mlade i
posebno da se širi Mlada demokratska ljevica
Hrvatske.
U toku veljaèe ili ožujka 2000. godine održat
æemo izborno-izvještajnu skupštinu SRP-a,
ponovo birati naša rukovodeæa tijela, dopuniti
Porgramsku deklaraciju, izvršiti neke izmjene
Statuta, pa æe to biti prilika i da vidimo što je
SRP postigao u dvije godine postojanja i što
mu je èiniti u iduæe dvije godine.
Mnogi ljudi koji su po svojim uvjerenjima na
liniji SRP-a i kojima je on blizak ovaj put su
glasali za koaliciju SDP-HSLS, želeæi time
pridonijeti HDZ-ovom silasku s vlasti. A ako se
ta koalicija ne pokaže vjerodostojna i ako se u
praksi ne potvrdi da odluèno raskida sa ZNA SE
politikom, ljudi æe sve više prilaziti SRP-u, tim
više ako budemo kao stranka agilni, ako se
budemo pravovremeno oglašavali i izlazili sa
svojim prijedlozima i zahtjevima u
odnosu na novu vlast.
Možda uskoro doðe i do izvanrednih izbora, a u
tom æe sluèaju SRP, nema nikakve sumnje,
mnogo bolje proæi!
Prema tome, na izlazak SRP-a na izbore 3.
sijeènja 2000. trebamo gledati kao na poèetak
naše jaèe prisutnosti na hrvatskoj politièkoj
sceni i našeg veæeg utjecaja, a ne kao na
nekakav (relativni) neuspjeh.
Po svoj prilici, ostat æemo jedina lijeva stranka
u Hrvatskoj, jer se druge neæe potvrditi kao
takve ili æe se ugasiti.
Moramo se širiti, osnivati nove organizacije
SRP-a, pridobijati nove èlanove i potvrðivati
svoju prisutnost u dnevnom pulsiranju
politièkog života.
U to ime sve vas pozdravljam i svima
želim sretnu 2000. godinu!
Stipe Šuvar, v.r.
http://srp.hr
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
LA ALBRIGHT SCAMBIATA PER UN ESSERE UMANO !
Il "Guardian" del 28 gennaio scorso riportava un trafiletto su di un
episodio avvenuto durante i colloqui-truffa di Rambouillet, presso
Parigi, nel febbraio 1999. Aggirandosi per i corridoi del castello che
ospitava tutte le delegazioni, Madeleine Albright si affaccio'
improvvisamente all'uscio di una stanza dove era riunita la delegazione
albanese. "Un membro della delegazione, che non si era reso conto di chi
si trattasse, e pensando probabilmente che fosse qualche donna delle
pulizie visto che la mezzanotte era gia' passata, le disse
semplicemente: 'Ci lasci cinque minuti e se ne vada'...", ricorda
Dugagjin Gorani, editore del giornale in lingua inglese "KD Times", che
era presente. Secondo Veton Surroi "la Albright sbotto' con una sequela
di espressioni che i traduttori non avrebbero mai potuto tradurre in
albanese".
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
Il "Guardian" del 28 gennaio scorso riportava un trafiletto su di un
episodio avvenuto durante i colloqui-truffa di Rambouillet, presso
Parigi, nel febbraio 1999. Aggirandosi per i corridoi del castello che
ospitava tutte le delegazioni, Madeleine Albright si affaccio'
improvvisamente all'uscio di una stanza dove era riunita la delegazione
albanese. "Un membro della delegazione, che non si era reso conto di chi
si trattasse, e pensando probabilmente che fosse qualche donna delle
pulizie visto che la mezzanotte era gia' passata, le disse
semplicemente: 'Ci lasci cinque minuti e se ne vada'...", ricorda
Dugagjin Gorani, editore del giornale in lingua inglese "KD Times", che
era presente. Secondo Veton Surroi "la Albright sbotto' con una sequela
di espressioni che i traduttori non avrebbero mai potuto tradurre in
albanese".
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
George Thompson: "LE RADICI DEL FASCISMO IN KOSOVO"
(dal sito "Emperors Clothes" - http://www.tenc.net)
IERI... "La popolazione serba in Kosovo dovrebbe essere cacciata il prima
possibile. I coloni serbi vanno ammazzati" (Il leader fascista albanese
Mustafa Kruja, giugno 1942).
...OGGI "Come molti ufficiali UCK, anch'egli dice apertamente che sogna un
Kosovo libero dai serbi" (Descrizione de "Il Maestro" Comandante di uno
squadrone della morte UCK, "Agence France Presse", 19 agosto 1999).
"Quando la Germania invase la Jugoslavia nel 1941, il popolo kosovaro fu
liberato dai tedeschi. Tutti i territori albanesi di questo stato, come il
Kosova, la Macedonia occidentale e le regioni di confine del Montenegro
furono riunificate con l'Albania propriamente detta. Furono ristabilite le
scuole in lingua albanese, l'amministrazione del governo, la stampa e la
radio" (Da: www.klpm.org, sito web affiliato all'UCK).
L'Italia di Mussolini occupo' l'Albania nell'aprile 1939 e insedio' un regime
collaborazionista con l'evidente entusiasmo di molti albanesi (1). Dopo che
Hitler ebbe invaso ed occupato la Jugoslavia nella primavera 1941, il grosso
dell'attuale Kosovo-Metohija fu posto sotto il controllo del governo
collaborazionista italo-albanese ed annesso all'Albania (2). Quando le forze
italiane entrarono in Kosovo, erano accompagnate da albanesi d'Albania. Gli
albanesi che vivevano in Kosovo si unirono alle forze di invasione che
aprivano loro la strada verso nord ed ovest, e tendevano agguati alle unita'
dell'esercito jugoslavo che affrontavano gli invasori. Questi albanesi,
nativi sia dell'Albania che del Kosovo, scatenarono una campagna di assassini
e deportazioni nei confronti dei serbi. Inizialmente, la mattanza era portata
avanti in modo disorganizzato da unita' di "Kachaki" irregolari. Si trattava
di briganti albanesi di entrambi i lati del confine che avevano combattutto
la Jugoslavia durante gli anni '20 e '30 (3). Nondimeno, venne presto
costituita una milizia kosovara locale. Tale milizia, detta "Vulnetari",
insieme ad altre unita' di polizia, inizio' persecuzioni piu' sistematiche (4).
I FASCISTI ITALIANI COLTI ALLA SPROVVISTA
Le autorita' italiane in Kosovo parvero alquanto spiazzate dal terrore contro
i serbi, e occasionalmente intervennero per prevenire attacchi albanesi, per
lo meno nelle aree urbane. Cosi' scrive uno storico serbo: "Le truppe italiane
furono dislocate nelle citta' del Kosovo e agivano come forza contenitrice..."
(5). Carlo Umilta', un ausiliario civile del Comando delle forze di
occupazione italiane, descrisse diversi episodi in cui le truppe italiane
aprirono il fuoco sugli albanesi per evitare massacri di serbi (6).
A causa della scarsita' di forze e dell'alleanza de facto fra albanesi e
forze dell'Asse, questi tentativi di contenimento costituirono ben poca cosa.
Tuttavia, gli occupanti italiani riferirono il loro disgusto per le azioni
degli albanesi alle autorita' di Roma. L'esercito italiano riferi' che gli
albanesi "stavano dando la caccia ai serbi", e che "la minoranza serba viveva
in condizioni veramente miserevoli, continuamente perseguitata dalla
brutalita' degli albanesi che alimenta l'odio razziale" (7). Carlo Umilta'
descrive alcune delle atrocita' nelle sue memorie e osserva che "gli albanesi
stanno sterminando gli slavi" (8). Alle sue parole fanno eco quelle di Hermann
Neubacher, il rappresentante del Terzo Reich per l'Europa sud-orientale: "Gli
schipetari avevano fretta di espellere il maggior numero possibile di Serbi
dal paese" (9).
Le atrocita' furono commesse deliberatamente, come parte di
un piano volto a creare una "grande Albania" libera dai serbi. Nel giugno
1942, il presidente fantoccio fascista dell'Albania Mustafa Kruja dichiaro'
candidamente i suoi principi davanti ai suoi seguaci kosovari: "La popolazione
serba in Kosovo dovrebbe essere cacciata il prima possibile. Tutti i serbi
indigeni dovrebbero essere qualificati come colonizzatori, e in quanto tali,
attraverso i governi albanese e italiano, mandati in campi di concentramento
in Albania. I coloni serbi vanno ammazzati" (10). Sentimenti simili furono
espressi da un capo albanese-kosovaro, Ferat-Bej Draga: "E' arrivato il
momento di sterminare i serbi. Non rimarra' alcun serbo sotto il sole del
Kosovo" (11). I pogrom anti-serbi si intensificarono dopo il collasso
italiano nel settembre '43. I nazisti tedeschi assunsero il controllo
dell'Albania, incluso il Kosovo. Le unita' militari italiane furono cacciate
e rimpiazzate da tre divisioni del XXI corpo alpino tedesco. La presenza
militare tedesca lascio' agli albanesi piena liberta' d'azione.
Le milizie nazionaliste kosovaro-albanesi, chiamate "Balli Kombaetar" (o
"Balisti") portarono avanti una campagna di deportazione e sterminio di serbi
nel '43-'44. Poi, su ordine esplicito di Hitler, i tedeschi formarono la
21¡ "Waffen-Gebirgsdivision SS" - la Divisione Skanderbeg. Con capi
tedeschi e ufficiali e truppa kosovaro-albanesi, gli hitleriani speravano che
usando gli Skanderbeg, la Germania avrebbe potuto "raggiungere il suo ben
noto obiettivo politico": creare una "grande Albania" vitale (cioe' pura) che
includesse il Kosovo (12).
In generale, la politica tedesca era quella di organizzare unita' militari
volontarie fra i simpatizzanti nazisti dei paesi occupati. Fra tutte le
nazioni occupate, solo i serbi, i greci e i polacchi rifiutarono
di formare unita' volontarie naziste. Piuttosto che unirsi ai nazisti, come
avevano fatto gli albanesi in Kosovo, i serbi organizzarono la piu' grande
resistenza antinazista in Europa. Sia i partigiani comunisti che i monarchici
cetnici erano principalmente serbi, e entrambi i gruppi combatterono i
tedeschi e i loro alleati locali in tutta la jugoslavia. I tedeschi
reclutarono i 9000 uomini della divisione Skanderbeg per combattere questi
gruppi di resistenza, ma gli albanesi della Skanderbeg non avevano interesse
ad affrontare soldati; essi volevano principalmente terrorizzare i civili
serbi, zingari ed ebrei locali. Molti di questi albanesi kosovari avevano
prestato servizio in precedenza nelle divisioni SS bosniaco-musulmane e
croate, note per i loro massacri di civili.
Come si spiega l'odio furioso per i non-albanesi? Un fattore importante era
la militanza islamica. La fondamentalista "Seconda Lega di Prizren" fu creata
nel settembre '43 da Xhafer Deva, un albanese kosovaro, per collaborare con
le autorita' germaniche. La lega proclamo' una jijad (guerra santa) contro
gli slavi. Essi erano supportati dal Gran Mufti di Gerusalemme El Haj Emin
Huseini, filonazista, che aspirava a liberarsi di tutti gli ebrei in quella
che al tempo era la Palestina occupata dai Britannici. L'intolleranza
religiosa albanese si manifesto' con evidenza negli attacchi a chiese e
monasteri ortodossi (13).
Non ci sono dati certi sulle perdite umane subite durante
l'olocausto fascista albanese. Le stime vanno da 10.000 a 30.000 serbi uccisi;
per lo meno 100.000 furono cacciati e rimpiazzati da persone "immigrate"
dall'Albania propriamente detta (14).
Nel giustificare l'attuale aspirazione kosovaro-albanese a secedere dalla
Serbia, i media hanno ripetuto come un mantra: il 90 per cento della
popolazione e' albanese. Anche se queste proporzioni sono molto esagerate
(nessuno lo sa con certezza, perche' i kosovaro-albanesi hanno boicottato
i censimenti per anni!) - la provincia e' certo in massima parte albanese.
Ma una causa determinante dell'attuale sproporzione demografica fu il
successo degli albanesi nel ruolo di volonterosi esecutori di Hitler durante
la II Guerra mondiale (15).
Oltre tutto, le loro attenzioni non si limitarono
ai serbi. Non si sa quanti zingari furono eliminati. E gli albanesi kosovari,
sia da soli che sotto la direzione tedesca, eliminarono molti degli ebrei del
Kosovo. L'opera principale sulla "soluzione finale" di Hitler in Jugoslavia
(16) stima che 550 ebrei vivessero in Kosovo al momento dell'invasione
nazista. 210 di essi, ossia il 38 per cento, furono uccisi in Kosovo, per
lo piu' da albanesi. Infatti, la prima operazione della divisione Skanderbeg
come "Einsatztruppen" fu un'incursione contro gli ebrei, e la seconda fu lo
sterminio del villaggio serbo di Velika, dove piu' di 400 serbi furono uccisi
(17).
Ceda Prlincevic, capo della Comunita' ebraica di Pristina e dirigente
degli archivi provinciali, ha spiegato alla Emperors-Clothes che gli ebrei
che non furono uccisi subito furono inviate dalla Skanderbeg nei campi di
sterminio tedeschi di Treblinka e Bergen-Belsen. Un treno diretto a
quest'ultimo prese la tratta sbagliata e fu intercettato dalle truppe russe
che avanzavano. Secondo Prlincevic, senza questo fortunato errore, l'intera
popolazione ebraica del Kosovo sarebbe stata eliminata.
Sebbene i sostenitori
dell'UCK oggi proclamino che non siano stati uccisi ebrei in Kosovo e che gli
ebrei siano stati difesi dagli albanesi-kosovari, tali affermazioni sono false
e dovrebbero essere trattate allo stesso modo in cui tratteremmo le altre
smentite sull'olocausto.
I FASCISTI ALBANESI CONTINUANO A COMBATTERE
I tedeschi si arresero nel 1945, ma i resti dei gruppi nazisti e fascisti
kosovaro-albanesi continuarono a combattere il governo jugoslavo per sei
anni, con una grande ribellione durata dal 1945 al 1948 (Drenica e' stata
il focolaio del reclutamento UCK nel '98-'99) sotto il comando di Shabhan
Paluzha. Violenze sporadiche continuarono fino al '51. E' vero alla lettera
dire che gli ultimi spari della II Guerra mondiale furono sparati in Kosovo.
IN CONCLUSIONE...
La scorsa estate, quando i Tedeschi sono entrati a Prizren per la prima volta
dopo la II Guerra mondiale, un corrispondente della NBC ha riportato:
"L'altra sera ero a cena con una gentile famiglia di kosovari musulmani,
quando il discorso e' caduto sulle truppe NATO tedesche che entravano in
citta' per farne il quartier generale del loro distretto di peacekeeping.
Il capofamiglia, un uomo abbastanza anziano da ricordare l'ultima volta che
le truppe germaniche erano entrate a Prizren, disse che si sentivano tutti al
sicuro ora. 'I soldati tedeschi sono eccellenti', egli disse. Poi aggiunse:
'Lo so ben io, ero uno di loro'. Allora ha sollevato il braccio in un saluto
nazista, ha detto 'heil' e si e' messo a ridere tutto contento"
(NBC, 18 giugno 1999).
---
INTRODUCTION
Why do some ethnic Albanians support KLA terror against Serbs, Roma
("Gypsies") and other Kosovo residents? The mass media says it's revenge,
revenge for Serbian misdeeds; this despite ever-growing evidence that the
tales of misdeeds are fiction. (See "Spinning the Kill" at
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/analysis/spin.htm
Nevertheless the revenge argument appears in some form in most Western
reports of KLA terror. (See "Mr. Kenigs has 2nd thoughts" at
http://emperors-clothes.com/analysis/egyptians.htm.)
But if revenge is not the reason some ethnic Albanians hate Serbs, Roma and
others, what is? During the U.S. Civil Rights movement, 'States Rights' was a
polite code for anti-Black racism. In Kosovo "secession" is the code for "Get
rid of all sub-humans." If this sounds like Nazism, good guess; the racist
movement came to power in Kosovo under Mussolini and Hitler, during W.W.II.
The article posted below, Mr. Thompson's "Roots of Kosovo fascism", is an
eye-opener.
ROOTS OF KOSOVO FACSIM
by George Thompson (2-19-00)
www.tenc.net [emperors-clothes]
THAT WAS THEN...
"The Serbian population in Kosovo should be removed as soon as possible.
Serbian settlers should be killed." (Albanian fascist leader Mustafa Kroja,
June 1942.)
...AND THIS IS NOW
"He, like many KLA officers, says openly that he dreams of a Kosovo without
Serbs." (Description of KLA death squad commander "the Teacher", Agence
France Presse, August 19, 1999)
"As Germany overtook Yugoslavia in 1941, the Kosovar people were liberated by
the Germans. All Albanian territories of this state, such as Kosova, western
Macedonia and border regions under Montenegro, were re-united into Albania
proper. Albanian schools, governmental administration, press and radio were
re-established." (From www.klpm.org , a Kosovo Liberation Army-affiliated
affiliated website)
Mussolini's Italy occupied Albania proper in April, 1939, and established a
collaborationist regime with the apparent enthusiasm of most Albanians.(1)
After Hitler invaded and occupied Yugoslavia in spring 1941, the bulk of
current Kosovo-Metohija was placed under Italian-Albanian collaborationist
control and annexed to Albania.(2)
When Italian forces moved into Kosovo they were accompanied by Albanians from
Albania. Albanians living in Kosovo joined the invasion force as it made its
way North and West, and also ambushed Yugoslav Army units moving to meet the
invaders. These Albanians, natives of both Albania and Kosovo, instituted a
campaign of murder and expulsion of Serbs. Initially, the mayhem was carried
out by disorganized "kachak" (irregular) units. These were Albanian brigands
from both sides of the border who had fought Yugoslavia throughout the 1920s
and 1930s.(3) However, soon a native Kosovo militia was formed. This militia,
called the Vulnetari, and various gendarme units, began more systematic
persecution.(4)
ITALIAN FASCISTS TAKEN ABACK
Italian authorities in Kosovo seemed a bit distressed by the terror against
Serbs and occasionally intervened to prevent Albanian attacks, at least in
urban areas. Thus a Serbian historian wrote: "Italian troops were stationed
in the towns of Kosovo and acted as a restraining force ..."(5) And Carlo
Umilta, a civilian aide to the Commander of the Italian occupation forces,
described several instances where Italian forces fired on Albanians to halt
massacres of Serbs.6)
Because of manpower limitations and the de facto alliance between Albanians
and the Axis powers, these efforts at restraint were limited. Nevertheless,
the Italian occupiers reported their disgust at Albanians’ actions to the
authorities in Rome. The Italian army reported that Albanians were "hunting
down Serbs", and that the "Serbian minority are living in conditions that are
truly disgraceful, constantly harassed by the brutality of the Albanians, who
are whipping up racial hatred."(7) Carlo Umilta described some of the
atrocities in his memoirs and observed that "the Albanians are out to
exterminate the Slavs."(8) His words were echoed by those of German diplomat
Hermann Neubacher, the Third Reich’s representative for southeastern Europe:
"Shiptars (i.e., Kosovo Albanians) were in a hurry to expel as many Serbs as
possible from the country."(9)
The atrocities were deliberate, part of a plan to create a Serb-free "Greater
Albania". In June 1942 the fascist puppet president of Albania, Mustafa
Kroja, declared his goals candidly before his followers in Kosovo:
"The Serbian population of Kosovo should be removed as soon as possible . . .
All indigenous Serbs should be qualified as colonists and as such, via the
Albanian and Italian governments, be sent to concentration camps in Albania.
Serbian settlers should be killed." (10)
Similar sentiments were expressed by a Kosovo Albanian leader, Ferat-bey
Draga:
"time has come to exterminate the Serbs . . . there will be no Serbs under
the Kosovo sun."(11)
The anti-Serb pogroms intensified after Italy's collapse in September 1943.
The German Nazi's assumed control of Albania, including Kosovo. Italian
military units pulled out and were replaced by three divisions of the German
XXI Mountain Corps. The German presence freed the Albanians of restraint.
Kosovo Albanian nationalist militias called the "Balli Kombëtar" (or
"Ballistas") carried out a campaign of deportation and murder of Serbs in
1943 and 1944. Then, on Hitler’s express order, the Germans formed the 21st
"Waffen-Gebirgs Division der SS" - the Skanderbeg Division. With German
leaders and Kosovo Albanian officers and troops, Hitler’s hoped that using
the Skanderbergs Germany could "achieve its well-known political objective"
of creating a viable (i.e., pure) "Greater Albania" including Kosovo.(12)
In general, German policy was to organize volunteer military units among Nazi
sympathizers in occupied countries. Of all the occupied nations only the
Serbs, Greeks and Poles refused to form Nazi volunteer units. Rather than
joining the Nazis, as the Albanians in Kosovo did, the Serbs organized the
largest anti-Nazi resistance in Europe. Both the Communist Partisans and thee
Royalist Chetniks were mainly Serbs and both groups fought the Germans and
their local allies throughout Yugoslavia.
The Germans recruited the 9,000 man Skanderbeg division to fight these
resistance groups But the Skanderberg's Albanians had little interest in
going up against soldiers; they mainly wanted to terrorize local Serbs,
"Gypsies" and Jews. Many of these Kosovo Albanians had seen prior service in
the Bosnian Muslim and Croatian SS divisions which were notorious for
slaughtering civilians.
What explained this passionate hatred for non-Albanians? A big factor was
militant Islam. The Fundamentalist "Second League of Prizren" was created in
September 1943 by Xhafer Deva, a Kosovo Albanian, to work with the German
authorities. The League proclaimed a jihad (holy war) against Slavs. They
were backed by the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, El Haj Emin Huseini, who was
pro-Nazi and had called for getting rid of all Jews in what was at that time
British-occupied Palestine. Albanian religious intolerance was shown by their
targeting Serbian Orthodox churches and monasteries for destruction.(13)
No one is certain of human destruction suffered in this Fascist Albanian
Holocaust. Estimates range from 10,000 to 30,000 Serbs murdered. At least
100,000 were driven from Kosovo and replaced with "immigrants" from Albania
proper.(14)
In justifying current Kosovo Albanian demands to secede from Serbia, the
media has repeated, like a mantra: 90% of the population is Albanian. While
this figure is most likely exaggerated (nobody knows for sure because Kosovo
Albanians boycotted the census for years!) - the province has been largely
Albanian. But a major cause of the current demographic imbalance: was the
Albanians' success as Hitler's willing executioners during World War II.(15)
And their attention was not limited to Serbs. Unknown numbers of Roma
("Gypsies") were liquidated. And Kosovo Albanians, acting alone as well as
under German direction, eliminated many of Kosovo's Jews.
The definitive work on Hitler's "Final Solution" in Yugoslavia (16) estimates
that 550 Jews lived in Kosovo Hitler took over Yugoslavia. 210 of them, or 38
percent, were murdered in Kosovo, mainly by Albanians. In fact, the
Skanderbeg division's first operation was to act as an "einsatzgruppen"
against the Jews, and its second was a similar extermination foray against
the Serb village of Velika where more than 400 Serbians were murdered.(17)
Ceda Prlincevic, head of the Jewish community in Pristina and an executive of
the provincial archives, has explained to Emperors-Clothes that the Jews who
were not murdered outright were sent by the Skanderbeg division to the German
death camps Treblinka and Bergen-Belsen. One train, on its way to the latter
camp, took the wrong track and was intercepted by advancing Russian soldiers.
According to Mr. Prlincevic, were it not for that fortunate detour, the
entire Jewish population of Kosovo would have been eliminated.
Although KLA supporters now claim that no Jews were killed in Kosovo and that
Jews were sheltered by the Kosovo Albanians, such claims are false and should
be treated the same way we would treat other Holocaust denials.
ALBANIAN FASCISTS GO ON FIGHTING
The Germans surrendered in 1945, but the remnants of the Kosovo Albanian Nazi
and fascist groups continued fighting the Yugoslav government for six years,
with a major rebellion from 1945 to 1948 in the Drenica region. (Drenica was
the hotbed for KLA recruiting in 1998-99). That rebellion was under the
command of Shabhan Paluzha; it is called the Shabhan Paluzha rebellion.
Sporadic violence continued until 1951. It is literally true to say that the
last shots of World War II were fired in Kosovo
PARTING THOUGHT
This past summer, as Germans entered Prizren in Kosovo for the first time
since World War II, an NBC correspondent reported:
"I was at dinner with a kind Kosovo Muslim family the other night when talk
turned to the German NATO troops that rolled into town to make the city the
headquarters of its peacekeeping district. The patriarch of the family, a man
old enough to remember the last time German troops rolled into Prizren, said
they all felt safe now. 'The German soldiers are excellent,' he said. Then he
added, 'I should know, I used to be one.' Then he raised his arm in a Nazi
salute and said, 'Heil,' and laughed merrily. (NBC, June 18, 1999)
FOOTNOTES
(1) Professor Nikalaos A. Stavrou, KFOR: Repeating History, The Washington
Times (August 11, 1999).
(2) Hugo Wolf, Kosovo Origins (1996) chapter 10. Portions of northern Kosovo,
from Mitrovica to the provincial border with Serbia, were administered by
Germany from the outset, primarily to exploit the mines in the area. An
eastern sliver of Kosovo was ceded to Bulgaria.
(3) Dr. Smilja Avramov, Genocide in Yugoslavia, Part 2, Chapter 5, "Genocide
in Kosovo and Metohija" (1995): "The crimes were begun by the ‘kachak’
guerrilla detachments which had been sent into Kosovo from Albania, but
members of the Shqiptar minority quickly joined in. Judging from Italian
reports, at first the situation resembled more the marauding of bandits than
a deliberate policy."
(4) Dr. Dusan Batakovic, The Kosovo Chronicles (1992); Avramov, supra.
(5) Dr. Smilja Avramov, supra.
(6) Carlo Umilta, Jugoslavia e Albania, Memoire di un diplomatico (1947), in
Avramov, supra, note 141.
(7) Dr. Smilja Avramov, supra, note 117.
(8) Carlo Umilta, Jugoslavia e Albania, Memoire di un diplomatico (1947), in
Avramov, supra, note 137.
(9) Hermann Neubacher, Sonderauftrag Sudost (1953), quoted in Dr. Slavenko
Terzic, Old Serbia and Albanians.
(10) Dr. Slavenko Terzic, Kosovo, Serbian Issue and the Greater Albania
Project.
(11) Batakovic, supra, citing H. Bajrami, Izvestaj Konstantina Plavsica Tasi
Dinicu, ministru unutrasnjih poslova u Nedicevoj vladi oktobra 1943, o
kosovsko-mitrovackanm srezu, Godisnjak arhiva Kosova XIV-XV (1978-1979) at
313.
(12) Avramov, supra, note 151.
(13) Avramov, supra, note 148, citing Bishop Atanisije Jevtic, From Kosovo to
Jadovno.
(14) Batakovic gives a conservative estimate of 10,000 dead while Dr.
Slavenko Terzic cites a contemporary American intelligence report that 10,000
died in the first year of occupation alone. Terzic, supra, citing Serge
Krizman, Maps of Yugoslavia at War (1943). Carl Kosta Savitch, in Genocide in
Kosovo: Skanderbeg Division, quotes a wartime account that 30,000 to 40,000
Serbs were killed by Albanians. In addition, an unknown number of Serbs dies
in the German-operated work camps of Pristina and Mitrovica, or were killed
by the Germans as reprisals against resistance activity.
The reported number of expelled Serbs also varies depending on the source.
Dragnich and Todorovich cited the figure of 70,000-100,000, based on a review
of wartime refugee records. Dmitri Bogdanovich estimates 100,000, but
acknowledges that the exact number has never been determined. Dmitri
Bogdanovich, The Kosovo Question: Past and Present (1985). Dr. Avramov notes
that wartime records showing 70,000 refugees from Kosovo counted only those
persons in need of government assistance who registered with the Commissariat
for Refugees in Belgrade. Records of those who did not register, or who fled
to Montenegro, apparently do not exist. Avramov, supra.
(15) Before world war 2 Serbs constituted a slight majority of the Kosovo
population. Avramov, supra. In addition to the murder and expulsion of Serbs,
the relative ethnic population balance was further skewed by the entrance of
hundreds of thousands of ethnic Albanians from Albania proper during the war.
Relying on Italian records from the time, Dr. Avramov estimates that 150,000
to 200,000 Albanians moved into Kosovo between 1941 and 1943.
(16) The Crimes of Fascist Occupants and Their Collaborators Against the Jews
of Yugoslavia (1952, revised 1957) (published by The Federation of Jewish
Communities of Yugoslavia).
(17) Avramov, supra.
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IERI... "La popolazione serba in Kosovo dovrebbe essere cacciata il prima
possibile. I coloni serbi vanno ammazzati" (Il leader fascista albanese
Mustafa Kruja, giugno 1942).
...OGGI "Come molti ufficiali UCK, anch'egli dice apertamente che sogna un
Kosovo libero dai serbi" (Descrizione de "Il Maestro" Comandante di uno
squadrone della morte UCK, "Agence France Presse", 19 agosto 1999).
"Quando la Germania invase la Jugoslavia nel 1941, il popolo kosovaro fu
liberato dai tedeschi. Tutti i territori albanesi di questo stato, come il
Kosova, la Macedonia occidentale e le regioni di confine del Montenegro
furono riunificate con l'Albania propriamente detta. Furono ristabilite le
scuole in lingua albanese, l'amministrazione del governo, la stampa e la
radio" (Da: www.klpm.org, sito web affiliato all'UCK).
L'Italia di Mussolini occupo' l'Albania nell'aprile 1939 e insedio' un regime
collaborazionista con l'evidente entusiasmo di molti albanesi (1). Dopo che
Hitler ebbe invaso ed occupato la Jugoslavia nella primavera 1941, il grosso
dell'attuale Kosovo-Metohija fu posto sotto il controllo del governo
collaborazionista italo-albanese ed annesso all'Albania (2). Quando le forze
italiane entrarono in Kosovo, erano accompagnate da albanesi d'Albania. Gli
albanesi che vivevano in Kosovo si unirono alle forze di invasione che
aprivano loro la strada verso nord ed ovest, e tendevano agguati alle unita'
dell'esercito jugoslavo che affrontavano gli invasori. Questi albanesi,
nativi sia dell'Albania che del Kosovo, scatenarono una campagna di assassini
e deportazioni nei confronti dei serbi. Inizialmente, la mattanza era portata
avanti in modo disorganizzato da unita' di "Kachaki" irregolari. Si trattava
di briganti albanesi di entrambi i lati del confine che avevano combattutto
la Jugoslavia durante gli anni '20 e '30 (3). Nondimeno, venne presto
costituita una milizia kosovara locale. Tale milizia, detta "Vulnetari",
insieme ad altre unita' di polizia, inizio' persecuzioni piu' sistematiche (4).
I FASCISTI ITALIANI COLTI ALLA SPROVVISTA
Le autorita' italiane in Kosovo parvero alquanto spiazzate dal terrore contro
i serbi, e occasionalmente intervennero per prevenire attacchi albanesi, per
lo meno nelle aree urbane. Cosi' scrive uno storico serbo: "Le truppe italiane
furono dislocate nelle citta' del Kosovo e agivano come forza contenitrice..."
(5). Carlo Umilta', un ausiliario civile del Comando delle forze di
occupazione italiane, descrisse diversi episodi in cui le truppe italiane
aprirono il fuoco sugli albanesi per evitare massacri di serbi (6).
A causa della scarsita' di forze e dell'alleanza de facto fra albanesi e
forze dell'Asse, questi tentativi di contenimento costituirono ben poca cosa.
Tuttavia, gli occupanti italiani riferirono il loro disgusto per le azioni
degli albanesi alle autorita' di Roma. L'esercito italiano riferi' che gli
albanesi "stavano dando la caccia ai serbi", e che "la minoranza serba viveva
in condizioni veramente miserevoli, continuamente perseguitata dalla
brutalita' degli albanesi che alimenta l'odio razziale" (7). Carlo Umilta'
descrive alcune delle atrocita' nelle sue memorie e osserva che "gli albanesi
stanno sterminando gli slavi" (8). Alle sue parole fanno eco quelle di Hermann
Neubacher, il rappresentante del Terzo Reich per l'Europa sud-orientale: "Gli
schipetari avevano fretta di espellere il maggior numero possibile di Serbi
dal paese" (9).
Le atrocita' furono commesse deliberatamente, come parte di
un piano volto a creare una "grande Albania" libera dai serbi. Nel giugno
1942, il presidente fantoccio fascista dell'Albania Mustafa Kruja dichiaro'
candidamente i suoi principi davanti ai suoi seguaci kosovari: "La popolazione
serba in Kosovo dovrebbe essere cacciata il prima possibile. Tutti i serbi
indigeni dovrebbero essere qualificati come colonizzatori, e in quanto tali,
attraverso i governi albanese e italiano, mandati in campi di concentramento
in Albania. I coloni serbi vanno ammazzati" (10). Sentimenti simili furono
espressi da un capo albanese-kosovaro, Ferat-Bej Draga: "E' arrivato il
momento di sterminare i serbi. Non rimarra' alcun serbo sotto il sole del
Kosovo" (11). I pogrom anti-serbi si intensificarono dopo il collasso
italiano nel settembre '43. I nazisti tedeschi assunsero il controllo
dell'Albania, incluso il Kosovo. Le unita' militari italiane furono cacciate
e rimpiazzate da tre divisioni del XXI corpo alpino tedesco. La presenza
militare tedesca lascio' agli albanesi piena liberta' d'azione.
Le milizie nazionaliste kosovaro-albanesi, chiamate "Balli Kombaetar" (o
"Balisti") portarono avanti una campagna di deportazione e sterminio di serbi
nel '43-'44. Poi, su ordine esplicito di Hitler, i tedeschi formarono la
21¡ "Waffen-Gebirgsdivision SS" - la Divisione Skanderbeg. Con capi
tedeschi e ufficiali e truppa kosovaro-albanesi, gli hitleriani speravano che
usando gli Skanderbeg, la Germania avrebbe potuto "raggiungere il suo ben
noto obiettivo politico": creare una "grande Albania" vitale (cioe' pura) che
includesse il Kosovo (12).
In generale, la politica tedesca era quella di organizzare unita' militari
volontarie fra i simpatizzanti nazisti dei paesi occupati. Fra tutte le
nazioni occupate, solo i serbi, i greci e i polacchi rifiutarono
di formare unita' volontarie naziste. Piuttosto che unirsi ai nazisti, come
avevano fatto gli albanesi in Kosovo, i serbi organizzarono la piu' grande
resistenza antinazista in Europa. Sia i partigiani comunisti che i monarchici
cetnici erano principalmente serbi, e entrambi i gruppi combatterono i
tedeschi e i loro alleati locali in tutta la jugoslavia. I tedeschi
reclutarono i 9000 uomini della divisione Skanderbeg per combattere questi
gruppi di resistenza, ma gli albanesi della Skanderbeg non avevano interesse
ad affrontare soldati; essi volevano principalmente terrorizzare i civili
serbi, zingari ed ebrei locali. Molti di questi albanesi kosovari avevano
prestato servizio in precedenza nelle divisioni SS bosniaco-musulmane e
croate, note per i loro massacri di civili.
Come si spiega l'odio furioso per i non-albanesi? Un fattore importante era
la militanza islamica. La fondamentalista "Seconda Lega di Prizren" fu creata
nel settembre '43 da Xhafer Deva, un albanese kosovaro, per collaborare con
le autorita' germaniche. La lega proclamo' una jijad (guerra santa) contro
gli slavi. Essi erano supportati dal Gran Mufti di Gerusalemme El Haj Emin
Huseini, filonazista, che aspirava a liberarsi di tutti gli ebrei in quella
che al tempo era la Palestina occupata dai Britannici. L'intolleranza
religiosa albanese si manifesto' con evidenza negli attacchi a chiese e
monasteri ortodossi (13).
Non ci sono dati certi sulle perdite umane subite durante
l'olocausto fascista albanese. Le stime vanno da 10.000 a 30.000 serbi uccisi;
per lo meno 100.000 furono cacciati e rimpiazzati da persone "immigrate"
dall'Albania propriamente detta (14).
Nel giustificare l'attuale aspirazione kosovaro-albanese a secedere dalla
Serbia, i media hanno ripetuto come un mantra: il 90 per cento della
popolazione e' albanese. Anche se queste proporzioni sono molto esagerate
(nessuno lo sa con certezza, perche' i kosovaro-albanesi hanno boicottato
i censimenti per anni!) - la provincia e' certo in massima parte albanese.
Ma una causa determinante dell'attuale sproporzione demografica fu il
successo degli albanesi nel ruolo di volonterosi esecutori di Hitler durante
la II Guerra mondiale (15).
Oltre tutto, le loro attenzioni non si limitarono
ai serbi. Non si sa quanti zingari furono eliminati. E gli albanesi kosovari,
sia da soli che sotto la direzione tedesca, eliminarono molti degli ebrei del
Kosovo. L'opera principale sulla "soluzione finale" di Hitler in Jugoslavia
(16) stima che 550 ebrei vivessero in Kosovo al momento dell'invasione
nazista. 210 di essi, ossia il 38 per cento, furono uccisi in Kosovo, per
lo piu' da albanesi. Infatti, la prima operazione della divisione Skanderbeg
come "Einsatztruppen" fu un'incursione contro gli ebrei, e la seconda fu lo
sterminio del villaggio serbo di Velika, dove piu' di 400 serbi furono uccisi
(17).
Ceda Prlincevic, capo della Comunita' ebraica di Pristina e dirigente
degli archivi provinciali, ha spiegato alla Emperors-Clothes che gli ebrei
che non furono uccisi subito furono inviate dalla Skanderbeg nei campi di
sterminio tedeschi di Treblinka e Bergen-Belsen. Un treno diretto a
quest'ultimo prese la tratta sbagliata e fu intercettato dalle truppe russe
che avanzavano. Secondo Prlincevic, senza questo fortunato errore, l'intera
popolazione ebraica del Kosovo sarebbe stata eliminata.
Sebbene i sostenitori
dell'UCK oggi proclamino che non siano stati uccisi ebrei in Kosovo e che gli
ebrei siano stati difesi dagli albanesi-kosovari, tali affermazioni sono false
e dovrebbero essere trattate allo stesso modo in cui tratteremmo le altre
smentite sull'olocausto.
I FASCISTI ALBANESI CONTINUANO A COMBATTERE
I tedeschi si arresero nel 1945, ma i resti dei gruppi nazisti e fascisti
kosovaro-albanesi continuarono a combattere il governo jugoslavo per sei
anni, con una grande ribellione durata dal 1945 al 1948 (Drenica e' stata
il focolaio del reclutamento UCK nel '98-'99) sotto il comando di Shabhan
Paluzha. Violenze sporadiche continuarono fino al '51. E' vero alla lettera
dire che gli ultimi spari della II Guerra mondiale furono sparati in Kosovo.
IN CONCLUSIONE...
La scorsa estate, quando i Tedeschi sono entrati a Prizren per la prima volta
dopo la II Guerra mondiale, un corrispondente della NBC ha riportato:
"L'altra sera ero a cena con una gentile famiglia di kosovari musulmani,
quando il discorso e' caduto sulle truppe NATO tedesche che entravano in
citta' per farne il quartier generale del loro distretto di peacekeeping.
Il capofamiglia, un uomo abbastanza anziano da ricordare l'ultima volta che
le truppe germaniche erano entrate a Prizren, disse che si sentivano tutti al
sicuro ora. 'I soldati tedeschi sono eccellenti', egli disse. Poi aggiunse:
'Lo so ben io, ero uno di loro'. Allora ha sollevato il braccio in un saluto
nazista, ha detto 'heil' e si e' messo a ridere tutto contento"
(NBC, 18 giugno 1999).
---
INTRODUCTION
Why do some ethnic Albanians support KLA terror against Serbs, Roma
("Gypsies") and other Kosovo residents? The mass media says it's revenge,
revenge for Serbian misdeeds; this despite ever-growing evidence that the
tales of misdeeds are fiction. (See "Spinning the Kill" at
http://www.emperors-clothes.com/analysis/spin.htm
Nevertheless the revenge argument appears in some form in most Western
reports of KLA terror. (See "Mr. Kenigs has 2nd thoughts" at
http://emperors-clothes.com/analysis/egyptians.htm.)
But if revenge is not the reason some ethnic Albanians hate Serbs, Roma and
others, what is? During the U.S. Civil Rights movement, 'States Rights' was a
polite code for anti-Black racism. In Kosovo "secession" is the code for "Get
rid of all sub-humans." If this sounds like Nazism, good guess; the racist
movement came to power in Kosovo under Mussolini and Hitler, during W.W.II.
The article posted below, Mr. Thompson's "Roots of Kosovo fascism", is an
eye-opener.
ROOTS OF KOSOVO FACSIM
by George Thompson (2-19-00)
www.tenc.net [emperors-clothes]
THAT WAS THEN...
"The Serbian population in Kosovo should be removed as soon as possible.
Serbian settlers should be killed." (Albanian fascist leader Mustafa Kroja,
June 1942.)
...AND THIS IS NOW
"He, like many KLA officers, says openly that he dreams of a Kosovo without
Serbs." (Description of KLA death squad commander "the Teacher", Agence
France Presse, August 19, 1999)
"As Germany overtook Yugoslavia in 1941, the Kosovar people were liberated by
the Germans. All Albanian territories of this state, such as Kosova, western
Macedonia and border regions under Montenegro, were re-united into Albania
proper. Albanian schools, governmental administration, press and radio were
re-established." (From www.klpm.org , a Kosovo Liberation Army-affiliated
affiliated website)
Mussolini's Italy occupied Albania proper in April, 1939, and established a
collaborationist regime with the apparent enthusiasm of most Albanians.(1)
After Hitler invaded and occupied Yugoslavia in spring 1941, the bulk of
current Kosovo-Metohija was placed under Italian-Albanian collaborationist
control and annexed to Albania.(2)
When Italian forces moved into Kosovo they were accompanied by Albanians from
Albania. Albanians living in Kosovo joined the invasion force as it made its
way North and West, and also ambushed Yugoslav Army units moving to meet the
invaders. These Albanians, natives of both Albania and Kosovo, instituted a
campaign of murder and expulsion of Serbs. Initially, the mayhem was carried
out by disorganized "kachak" (irregular) units. These were Albanian brigands
from both sides of the border who had fought Yugoslavia throughout the 1920s
and 1930s.(3) However, soon a native Kosovo militia was formed. This militia,
called the Vulnetari, and various gendarme units, began more systematic
persecution.(4)
ITALIAN FASCISTS TAKEN ABACK
Italian authorities in Kosovo seemed a bit distressed by the terror against
Serbs and occasionally intervened to prevent Albanian attacks, at least in
urban areas. Thus a Serbian historian wrote: "Italian troops were stationed
in the towns of Kosovo and acted as a restraining force ..."(5) And Carlo
Umilta, a civilian aide to the Commander of the Italian occupation forces,
described several instances where Italian forces fired on Albanians to halt
massacres of Serbs.6)
Because of manpower limitations and the de facto alliance between Albanians
and the Axis powers, these efforts at restraint were limited. Nevertheless,
the Italian occupiers reported their disgust at Albanians’ actions to the
authorities in Rome. The Italian army reported that Albanians were "hunting
down Serbs", and that the "Serbian minority are living in conditions that are
truly disgraceful, constantly harassed by the brutality of the Albanians, who
are whipping up racial hatred."(7) Carlo Umilta described some of the
atrocities in his memoirs and observed that "the Albanians are out to
exterminate the Slavs."(8) His words were echoed by those of German diplomat
Hermann Neubacher, the Third Reich’s representative for southeastern Europe:
"Shiptars (i.e., Kosovo Albanians) were in a hurry to expel as many Serbs as
possible from the country."(9)
The atrocities were deliberate, part of a plan to create a Serb-free "Greater
Albania". In June 1942 the fascist puppet president of Albania, Mustafa
Kroja, declared his goals candidly before his followers in Kosovo:
"The Serbian population of Kosovo should be removed as soon as possible . . .
All indigenous Serbs should be qualified as colonists and as such, via the
Albanian and Italian governments, be sent to concentration camps in Albania.
Serbian settlers should be killed." (10)
Similar sentiments were expressed by a Kosovo Albanian leader, Ferat-bey
Draga:
"time has come to exterminate the Serbs . . . there will be no Serbs under
the Kosovo sun."(11)
The anti-Serb pogroms intensified after Italy's collapse in September 1943.
The German Nazi's assumed control of Albania, including Kosovo. Italian
military units pulled out and were replaced by three divisions of the German
XXI Mountain Corps. The German presence freed the Albanians of restraint.
Kosovo Albanian nationalist militias called the "Balli Kombëtar" (or
"Ballistas") carried out a campaign of deportation and murder of Serbs in
1943 and 1944. Then, on Hitler’s express order, the Germans formed the 21st
"Waffen-Gebirgs Division der SS" - the Skanderbeg Division. With German
leaders and Kosovo Albanian officers and troops, Hitler’s hoped that using
the Skanderbergs Germany could "achieve its well-known political objective"
of creating a viable (i.e., pure) "Greater Albania" including Kosovo.(12)
In general, German policy was to organize volunteer military units among Nazi
sympathizers in occupied countries. Of all the occupied nations only the
Serbs, Greeks and Poles refused to form Nazi volunteer units. Rather than
joining the Nazis, as the Albanians in Kosovo did, the Serbs organized the
largest anti-Nazi resistance in Europe. Both the Communist Partisans and thee
Royalist Chetniks were mainly Serbs and both groups fought the Germans and
their local allies throughout Yugoslavia.
The Germans recruited the 9,000 man Skanderbeg division to fight these
resistance groups But the Skanderberg's Albanians had little interest in
going up against soldiers; they mainly wanted to terrorize local Serbs,
"Gypsies" and Jews. Many of these Kosovo Albanians had seen prior service in
the Bosnian Muslim and Croatian SS divisions which were notorious for
slaughtering civilians.
What explained this passionate hatred for non-Albanians? A big factor was
militant Islam. The Fundamentalist "Second League of Prizren" was created in
September 1943 by Xhafer Deva, a Kosovo Albanian, to work with the German
authorities. The League proclaimed a jihad (holy war) against Slavs. They
were backed by the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, El Haj Emin Huseini, who was
pro-Nazi and had called for getting rid of all Jews in what was at that time
British-occupied Palestine. Albanian religious intolerance was shown by their
targeting Serbian Orthodox churches and monasteries for destruction.(13)
No one is certain of human destruction suffered in this Fascist Albanian
Holocaust. Estimates range from 10,000 to 30,000 Serbs murdered. At least
100,000 were driven from Kosovo and replaced with "immigrants" from Albania
proper.(14)
In justifying current Kosovo Albanian demands to secede from Serbia, the
media has repeated, like a mantra: 90% of the population is Albanian. While
this figure is most likely exaggerated (nobody knows for sure because Kosovo
Albanians boycotted the census for years!) - the province has been largely
Albanian. But a major cause of the current demographic imbalance: was the
Albanians' success as Hitler's willing executioners during World War II.(15)
And their attention was not limited to Serbs. Unknown numbers of Roma
("Gypsies") were liquidated. And Kosovo Albanians, acting alone as well as
under German direction, eliminated many of Kosovo's Jews.
The definitive work on Hitler's "Final Solution" in Yugoslavia (16) estimates
that 550 Jews lived in Kosovo Hitler took over Yugoslavia. 210 of them, or 38
percent, were murdered in Kosovo, mainly by Albanians. In fact, the
Skanderbeg division's first operation was to act as an "einsatzgruppen"
against the Jews, and its second was a similar extermination foray against
the Serb village of Velika where more than 400 Serbians were murdered.(17)
Ceda Prlincevic, head of the Jewish community in Pristina and an executive of
the provincial archives, has explained to Emperors-Clothes that the Jews who
were not murdered outright were sent by the Skanderbeg division to the German
death camps Treblinka and Bergen-Belsen. One train, on its way to the latter
camp, took the wrong track and was intercepted by advancing Russian soldiers.
According to Mr. Prlincevic, were it not for that fortunate detour, the
entire Jewish population of Kosovo would have been eliminated.
Although KLA supporters now claim that no Jews were killed in Kosovo and that
Jews were sheltered by the Kosovo Albanians, such claims are false and should
be treated the same way we would treat other Holocaust denials.
ALBANIAN FASCISTS GO ON FIGHTING
The Germans surrendered in 1945, but the remnants of the Kosovo Albanian Nazi
and fascist groups continued fighting the Yugoslav government for six years,
with a major rebellion from 1945 to 1948 in the Drenica region. (Drenica was
the hotbed for KLA recruiting in 1998-99). That rebellion was under the
command of Shabhan Paluzha; it is called the Shabhan Paluzha rebellion.
Sporadic violence continued until 1951. It is literally true to say that the
last shots of World War II were fired in Kosovo
PARTING THOUGHT
This past summer, as Germans entered Prizren in Kosovo for the first time
since World War II, an NBC correspondent reported:
"I was at dinner with a kind Kosovo Muslim family the other night when talk
turned to the German NATO troops that rolled into town to make the city the
headquarters of its peacekeeping district. The patriarch of the family, a man
old enough to remember the last time German troops rolled into Prizren, said
they all felt safe now. 'The German soldiers are excellent,' he said. Then he
added, 'I should know, I used to be one.' Then he raised his arm in a Nazi
salute and said, 'Heil,' and laughed merrily. (NBC, June 18, 1999)
FOOTNOTES
(1) Professor Nikalaos A. Stavrou, KFOR: Repeating History, The Washington
Times (August 11, 1999).
(2) Hugo Wolf, Kosovo Origins (1996) chapter 10. Portions of northern Kosovo,
from Mitrovica to the provincial border with Serbia, were administered by
Germany from the outset, primarily to exploit the mines in the area. An
eastern sliver of Kosovo was ceded to Bulgaria.
(3) Dr. Smilja Avramov, Genocide in Yugoslavia, Part 2, Chapter 5, "Genocide
in Kosovo and Metohija" (1995): "The crimes were begun by the ‘kachak’
guerrilla detachments which had been sent into Kosovo from Albania, but
members of the Shqiptar minority quickly joined in. Judging from Italian
reports, at first the situation resembled more the marauding of bandits than
a deliberate policy."
(4) Dr. Dusan Batakovic, The Kosovo Chronicles (1992); Avramov, supra.
(5) Dr. Smilja Avramov, supra.
(6) Carlo Umilta, Jugoslavia e Albania, Memoire di un diplomatico (1947), in
Avramov, supra, note 141.
(7) Dr. Smilja Avramov, supra, note 117.
(8) Carlo Umilta, Jugoslavia e Albania, Memoire di un diplomatico (1947), in
Avramov, supra, note 137.
(9) Hermann Neubacher, Sonderauftrag Sudost (1953), quoted in Dr. Slavenko
Terzic, Old Serbia and Albanians.
(10) Dr. Slavenko Terzic, Kosovo, Serbian Issue and the Greater Albania
Project.
(11) Batakovic, supra, citing H. Bajrami, Izvestaj Konstantina Plavsica Tasi
Dinicu, ministru unutrasnjih poslova u Nedicevoj vladi oktobra 1943, o
kosovsko-mitrovackanm srezu, Godisnjak arhiva Kosova XIV-XV (1978-1979) at
313.
(12) Avramov, supra, note 151.
(13) Avramov, supra, note 148, citing Bishop Atanisije Jevtic, From Kosovo to
Jadovno.
(14) Batakovic gives a conservative estimate of 10,000 dead while Dr.
Slavenko Terzic cites a contemporary American intelligence report that 10,000
died in the first year of occupation alone. Terzic, supra, citing Serge
Krizman, Maps of Yugoslavia at War (1943). Carl Kosta Savitch, in Genocide in
Kosovo: Skanderbeg Division, quotes a wartime account that 30,000 to 40,000
Serbs were killed by Albanians. In addition, an unknown number of Serbs dies
in the German-operated work camps of Pristina and Mitrovica, or were killed
by the Germans as reprisals against resistance activity.
The reported number of expelled Serbs also varies depending on the source.
Dragnich and Todorovich cited the figure of 70,000-100,000, based on a review
of wartime refugee records. Dmitri Bogdanovich estimates 100,000, but
acknowledges that the exact number has never been determined. Dmitri
Bogdanovich, The Kosovo Question: Past and Present (1985). Dr. Avramov notes
that wartime records showing 70,000 refugees from Kosovo counted only those
persons in need of government assistance who registered with the Commissariat
for Refugees in Belgrade. Records of those who did not register, or who fled
to Montenegro, apparently do not exist. Avramov, supra.
(15) Before world war 2 Serbs constituted a slight majority of the Kosovo
population. Avramov, supra. In addition to the murder and expulsion of Serbs,
the relative ethnic population balance was further skewed by the entrance of
hundreds of thousands of ethnic Albanians from Albania proper during the war.
Relying on Italian records from the time, Dr. Avramov estimates that 150,000
to 200,000 Albanians moved into Kosovo between 1941 and 1943.
(16) The Crimes of Fascist Occupants and Their Collaborators Against the Jews
of Yugoslavia (1952, revised 1957) (published by The Federation of Jewish
Communities of Yugoslavia).
(17) Avramov, supra.
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--
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
UN PAESE AFFIDABILE
"It was Italy's leadership that allowed NATO's strategic theory to be
transformed into strategic practice"
"E' stata la classe dirigente italiana a permettere la trasformazione
della teoria strategica della NATO in pratica strategica"
(Generale Wesley Clark, Roma, 7 ott. 1999)
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
"It was Italy's leadership that allowed NATO's strategic theory to be
transformed into strategic practice"
"E' stata la classe dirigente italiana a permettere la trasformazione
della teoria strategica della NATO in pratica strategica"
(Generale Wesley Clark, Roma, 7 ott. 1999)
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
MILITARI E SPIE DELLA NATO E DELL'OSCE
NELL'ORGANIZZAZIONE "UMANITARIA" CARE
Nelle scorse settimane sono emersi approcci tra la sezione australiana
della ONG transnazionale "CARE" ed i servizi segreti militari canadesi
(il Canada e' membro della NATO), questi ultimi interessati ad inserirsi
nelle operazioni di CARE nella RF di Jugoslavia.
Queste rivelazioni fanno seguito ad altre vicende squallide che hanno
coinvolto CARE in passato: citiamo ad esempio i legami tra la missione
CARE in Somalia ed i marines USA presenti nella citta' di Baidoa alla
fine del 1992; l'arresto al confine jugoslavo di alcuni membri di CARE
Australia (uno dei quali reo confesso) accusati di lavorare per la NATO
durante i bombardamenti del 1999; nonche' gli strani rapporti tra CARE e
la OSCE-na missione dell'OSCE nella provincia jugoslava del Kosmet, con
la quale venne preparato il terreno ai suddetti bombardamenti...
(Le altre ONG ed organizzazioni "Umanitarie" da noi analizzate in
passato: Medici senza Frontiere; Human Rights Watch)
---
HUMANITARIAN SPIES
by Jared Israel
WWW.TENC.NET (or WWW.EMPERORS-CLOTHES.COM)
It appears there are two types of Humanitarian Aid organizations in the
New
World Order: Them That Steals and Them That Spies. For the thieves, see
Soiled Rainbow at www.emperors-clothes.com/articles/martinez/soiled.htm
. If
you are interested in spies and the liars who cover up their work, stay
here.
I have been doing research on the CARE spy scandal for several days. It
is a
Labor of Sisyphus. No sooner does one think one has dug up all there is
to
dig then one encounters (if you will pardon the mixed metaphor) more
dirt
rolling down the hill. CARE has been compromised by this mess, but not
only
CARE. Also the Australian government, the US government, the OSCE
(Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe) and the Western
mass
media. Perhaps the Western mass media worst of all.
On Nov 2, SBS TV in Australia revealed that CARE Canada had been
recruiting
what amounted to spies for NATO in Yugoslavia.
I've posted the hyperlink to the SBS CARE story below. It's worth
reading.
But before you look at the transcript, I suggest you read the background
material because in some ways it's more revealing than the TV show, more
damning. As happens often, when Western journalists uncovered this
cover-up,
they didn't uncover it all.
Spies or Victimized Aid Workers?
On March 31, 1999, three employees of CARE Australia, Steve Pratt, an
Australian who headed the Yugoslav operation, Peter Wallace, another
Australian, and Branko Jelen, a Yugoslav, were arrested at the
Serbian-Croatian border. Yugoslavia charged them with using CARE as a
cover
to spy for NATO.
CARE Australia officials ridiculed the charges, claiming CARE was
completely
neutral and that the confession of Steve Pratt, aired on Serbian TV,
could
only have resulted from coercion. Western mass media supported CARE,
presenting the men as Good Samaritans whose only crime was being in the
wrong
place at the wrong time and falling victim to Serbian paranoia and war
propaganda. CARE had clean hands...
Or did it?
Now comes a TV show, broadcast Nov. 2 by SBS in Australia. It reveals
that
CARE recruited and paid OSCE (Organization for Security and Cooperation
in
Europe) Verifiers in Kosovo from Oct. 1998 to March 1999. That much is
uncontested.
As you will see when you read the transcript, some CARE people justify
the
OSCE recruiting program on the grounds that the Verifiers were
legitimate
peacemakers. Alas, this simply does not wash.
Goals of the Kosovo Verification Mission
'Negotiated' (that is, 'coerced') under threat of NATO bombing last
October,
the Verification agreement let the OSCE send unarmed mediators into
Kosovo,
supposedly to help defuse tensions. However everything about the
Verification
mission suggests military intelligence, not mediation.
It was run by William Walker. Walker had no background as a mediator. He
wasn't even an expert in Balkans history or current politics. What he
did
know about was counter-insurgency and black ops. His role in Iran-Contra
and
his achievements in apologizing for the murderous El Salvador death
squads
all but prove he is a high-placed intelligence operative. (A factual
account
of Mr. Walker's work in Central America will be posted on
Emperors-Clothes as
soon as possible. In the absence of that account, which we have not had
time
yet to lay out, let me say these facts are uncontested. Period.)
The U.S. verification team was composed of employees of Dyncorp, a
Virginia
company that has grown rich off Government work. At the 1992 Senate
hearings
on R. James Woolsey's appointment as head of the CIA, Woolsey commented:
"I
own less than one-quarter of one percent of the -- diluted shares of a
company named Dyncorp here in the Washington, D.C. area. And the
corporation
has, from time to time, had a handful of very small contracts with the
Central Intelligence Agency." Ahh, sweet understatement. Dyncorp's "very
small contracts" have included covert work in Columbia and Peru. (Facts
on
this will be posted shortly on Emperors-clothes. Again, it is all
documented). In the case of Dyncorp's work in Columbia, the Clinton
administration was accused of using Dyncorp to circumvent human rights
restrictions on US aid to the death-squad-ridden Colombian military.
So what do we have? We have the head of the Verification mission and his
American team linked to covert operations and death squad activities in
Latin
America. Other than that, they have no qualifications for their work in
Kosovo.
Given this command structure, doesn't it stand to reason that the
Western
(i.e., U.S.) goal was a) to gather military intelligence and b) to
establish
command-relations with the Kosovo Liberation Army, an outfit whose
activities
- killing ethnic Serbian civilians and ethnic Albanian "collaborators"
as
well as employees of the Serbian state such as policemen, power line
repairmen, school officials, Yugoslav troops and even state-employed
wood
gatherers - whose activities are very much like those of Latin American
death
squads?
Indeed, isn't it reasonable to guess that the tactical similarity
between the
KLA and the Latin American death squads may result from their having had
the
same (US) advisors?
In any case this was the Verification Mission for which CARE Canada was
recruiting. Not only recruiting, but also apparently paying the
recruits'
salaries.
Even the Western press has virtually admitted that Walker & Co. were
spies.
Consider the following from the LA Times:
His [i.e., William Walker's] postings include a stint in Honduras from
1980
to 1982, when the Central American country was Washington's secret
conduit
for weapons and other support to right-wing Contras fighting to
overthrow the
Sandinistas in neighboring Nicaragua.
He also served as chief of the U.S. Embassy's political section in El
Salvador, another Central American hot spot, from 1974 to 1977, and
later as
the country's U.S. ambassador from 1988 to 1992. As a diplomat in
countries
so high on Washington's national security agenda, Walker couldn't help
knowing something about spying, said John Pike, a defense analyst at
Washington's Federation of American Scientists. "Those are front-line
postings where he would have unavoidably developed an acquaintance with
the
capabilities and limitations of intelligence sources and methods," Pike
said
from Washington. And it would be surprising if Walker's team of
ex-military
and other experts came to verify Kosovo's cease-fire without equipment
to
listen in on radio communications, Pike said. "Put it this way: They
would be
idiots if they weren't doing that," he added. "What are they going to
do,
read about it in the paper the next day?"( LA Times, Jan. 20, 1999, our
emphasis)
The Amazing Story of Mr. Pratt, Mr. Wallace and Mr. Jelen
So we had a neutral, Humanitarian Aid organization (CARE) recruiting
Verifiers, that is spies, for a Kosovo Mission run by CIA types. Shortly
after the Mission ended and NATO began bombing Yugoslavia, three of the
Humanitarian CARE employees were arrested for spying.
That was on March 31. At first CARE officials claimed they were not sure
of
the three men's whereabouts. Then, on April 11, Steve Pratt appeared on
Serbian Television, RTS. Here's the actual text of the RTS broadcast, as
transcribed by the BBC:
[Announcer] Through coordinated action, the security bodies of the
Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia have smashed a network of agents headed by Major
Steve
Pratt. The named person had been gathering intelligence on the movement
of
our military and police forces under the cover of the Care International
humanitarian organization before the aggression on our country, and,
during
the aggression, on the effects of the bombing.
[Pratt, recording in English with passage by passage Serbo-Croatian
translation] My name is Steve Pratt. I was born in 1949. I was born in
Australia and I am the citizen of Australia. Before I came to
Yugoslavia, I
worked in northern Iraq, Yemen, Zaire, Rwanda, and Kenya for the
humanitarian
organization Care of Australia.
When I came to Yugoslavia, I performed some intelligence tasks in this
country by using the cover of Care Australia. My concentration was on
Kosovo
and some effects of the bombing. I misused my Yugoslavian citizen staff
for
the acquisition of information. I realize that damage was done this
country
by these actions, for which I am greatly sorry. I always did and still
do
condemn the bombing of this country.
[Television footage shows Pratt sitting in a chair and making the
statement;
TV also shows Pratt's passport; there are no visible signs of physical
mistreatment of Pratt] (BBC, April 13, 1999)
The Western media presented a negative view of the RTS broadcast. One AP
report April 12th was headlined, "TV pictures of aid worker's spy
confession
fuzzy: Tapp". In the story Australian CARE chief Charles Tapp dismissed
the
RTS broadcast because Pratt was shown in profile, because it was
impossible
to see his eyes and because his confession was not very specific. (He
said
"confession" should be put in "immense inverted commas".) An Agence
France
Presse story on the 12th was headlined "Yugoslavs forced our man to
confess
to spying."
Amidst this reporting, which amounted to anti-Yugoslav propaganda, the
real
story was simply ignored by most of the media; where it was covered it
was
scornfully dismissed.
That story, which broke April 11th in the Australian Sunday Telegraph,
quoted
Steve Pratt's mother, Mrs. Mavis Pratt, concerning Pratt's past
activities. I
have not been able to see a copy of the Sunday Telegraph story.
Fortunately a
few sentences are quoted in a few places. One is an AP dispatch issued
hours
after the Sunday Telegraph report. According to the AP, Mrs. Pratt told
the
Telegraph that her son had worked for CARE in Iraq:
''He was letting the U.N. know what Iraq was doing, he was observing, so
Iraq
put a price on his head and they had to get him out of there quickly.''
In other words, he had been a spy.
Dishonor Thy Mother
How might one expect CARE executives to have responded to Pratt's
confession
and Mrs. Pratt's statement?
CARE presents itself as a politically neutral, humanitarian
organization.
Doesn't that suggest CARE leaders should have adopted a cautious,
neutral
approach? Perhaps said they have nothing but respect for the arrested
men and
established a fund legal expenses? Wouldn't any other approach
compromise
their neutrality and raise questions about their motives?
And what about the mass media? Since governments do employ spies, since
to be
effective, spies have to have some kind of cover, wouldn't it make sense
to
present the story in a factual manner and not use journalistic
techniques to
sway public opinion?
CARE and the media lash out at Yugoslavia
Let's look at the April 11 AP story, starting with the headline. The
headline
may be the only thing one reads and even if one reads further, the
headline
colors one's view of the rest.
What sort of headline would logically go with this story? Maybe
something
like:
Mom Says Arrested CARE worker Spied Before
Instead, AP chose:
CARE says Serbian spying 'confession' obtained under duress
This is a very strong statement. By making it the headline, AP lent it
credibility. Did it deserve such credibility?
The RTS broadcast with Pratt's confession had just been aired. What
could
Charles Tapp or anyone else at CARE actually have known about this case?
If Pratt had told them he was a spy, they would know. But if Pratt was a
spy
and told nobody, how could they have known?
Therefore Tapp's denial is either a) a lie (because he knew Pratt was a
spy
and therefore denied it) or b) pure speculation (because he had no way
of
knowing whether Pratt was innocent or guilty.)
So what's the point of the headline? By using the phrase "obtained under
duress" the headline creates a picture in the reader's mind - of threats
and
torture. Though the body of the article offers no factual basis for this
charge, the headline has a powerful impact.
Note that 'CARE' is not a person but an organization; how can CARE 'say'
anything? By quoting 'CARE' instead of a CARE executive, the AP story
capitalizes on Westerners' impression of CARE, the organization:
neutral,
selfless, honorable. A CARE spokesman might lie - but 'CARE' itself?
Never.
Compounding the Question
Note that by jumping to the question of how the confession was obtained
(supposedly 'under duress') the AP story gives the (false) impression
that
Pratt's innocence is an established fact.
The sleight of hand technique used here is similar to the compound
question.
A familiar example: "Do you still beat your wife?" The use of the very
aggressive "do you still" obscures the fact that the main charge is
unproven:
we have not been shown that you ever beat your wife. Similarly here, by
stressing the manner in which the (allegedly) false confession was
obtained
(that is, "under duress") the headline obscures the fact that we have
been
shown no evidence the confession was false.
Let's move onto the first paragraph in the article:
The aid agency CARE Australia on Monday said its field worker Steve
Pratt's
alleged spying confession broadcast by Serbian television was made under
duress.
This is just a repeat of the headline. Bad journalism, unless they want
us to
learn this statement by rote. Will there be a quiz?
Here's paragraph two:
CARE and the Australian government demanded immediate access to Pratt
and his
colleague, Peter Wallace, who were detained by Yugoslav authorities
March 31
after they left Belgrade for Montenegro to help refugees.
Still not quoting actual people, the AP adds a second institution, the
Australian government, by way of additional confirmation. The Yugoslav
offense is so great, all institutions are speaking out.
Moreover, by telling us these institutions have "demanded immediate
access to
Pratt" and Wallace, the article suggests Yugoslavia is denying such
access.
This in turn suggests the Yugoslavs must have something to hide - such
as
evidence that Pratt has been beaten. Note that there is no effort, here
or
elsewhere in the article, to discuss the normal procedure for allowing
access
to men accused of spying for a group of nations who are, in grave
violation
of international law, bombing your country.
The paragraph also includes the statement that the arrested man had been
arrested after they:
left Belgrade for Montenegro to help refugees. (My emphasis)
How could the AP possibly know why Pratt, Wallace and Jelen had left
Belgrade? Couldn't they have left to spy elsewhere? Or to escape
detection?
By asserting their humanitarian motives without evidence, the article
strengthens the reader's impression that the men are innocent.
A little further down, a CARE official is cited by name for the first
time:
CARE Australia's emergency coordinator, Brian Doolan, said threats may
have
been made against local staff or against Wallace to extract the
confession.
(My emphasis)
'May have been made.' Two thoughts on this: a) Doesn't the use of 'may'
completely contradict the headline and first paragraph, which have
'CARE'
(speaking as if it were a person) saying the confession WAS obtained
under
duress and b) isn't it true that it is always possible that a confession
'may' have been extracted based on threats?
Since by this point we've been told several times that Pratt was forced
to
confess, I would bet many readers wouldn't notice the use of "may".
The article continues as follows:
Doolan said the claims made against Pratt were ''absolute lunacy.''
If Pratt "may" (which suggests 'may not') have confessed under duress,
why is
Doolan sure the charges are lunacy? The AP ignores this obvious
contradiction. Nor does it try to bring some balance to the story by
talking
to someone from the Yugoslav side, for example a Yugoslav security
official.
Such a person might ask: "Since it's obvious that Mr. Pratt could be a
spy
without Mr. Doolan knowing, how can Mr. Doolan be so sure the charges
are
lunacy?"
And so the article continues for eight (8) more paragraphs,
strengthening the
impression that Pratt must be innocent until we get to the end, where
Mrs.
Pratt is quoted. But readers are not permitted to judge Mrs. Pratt's
words
for themselves; they are given a good deal of help by CARE Australia
chief
executive Charles Tapp who is quoted before and after Mrs. Pratt who
attacks
the charge that Pratt had previously spied against Iraq, attacks the
newspaper that covered it, and even tries to discredit Mrs. Pratt (her
sin is
being old). Here's how it reads:
...[CARE chief executive Tapp] rejected the suggestion that they [i.e.
the
arrested CARE workers] were acting for any other organization in any
capacity.
Speaking from the Yugoslavia-Croatia border, Tapp also slammed a
newspaper
report in which Pratt's mother, Mavis Pratt, was quoted as saying her
son had
supplied information about Iraqi forces to the United Nations during the
Gulf
War.
''He was letting the U.N. know what Iraq was doing, he was observing, so
Iraq
put a price on his head and they had to get him out of there quickly,''
she
[Mrs. Pratt] was quoted as saying.
Tapp said Mrs. Pratt was elderly and added, ''Frankly, I consider this
to be
extremely poor journalism.'' (AP Worldstream April 11, 1999; Sunday
22:06
Eastern Time )
When you think of it, the quote from Mrs. Pratt is the only news in this
entire news story. The rest is intended to give us a proper news
orientation.
The AP is evidently anxious to guarantee that readers approach the
arrests
with the preconception that Pratt and the others are innocent. Why?
As for CARE officials - their statements are suggestive. Consider: Pratt
confessed on April 11th. The Sunday Telegraph printed Mrs. Pratt's
statement
the next day and within hours AP broadcast furious denials from CARE
officials. How could these officials be so sure so fast? Why would they
react
without taking time to investigate and discuss the matter, including
privately with Yugoslav officials? Doesn't such a hasty and violent
response
suggest that:
Pratt et al were indeed spies;
Tapp and Doolan were fully aware that Pratt, Wallace and Jelen were
spies
because they were themselves involved in organizing such spying;
CARE officials were therefore worried that Yugoslav officials or, worse
yet,
Pratt or Wallace, might go public with more revelations, might expose
high-level CARE (and Australian government?) involvement, might talk
about
CARE spying in other countries, and so on. Thus it was crucial
immediately
(on Sunday!) to discredit the arrests and especially the public
confession.
By planting the thought that the confession was made 'under duress' and
'was
lunacy' and that Mrs. Pratt's own statement was unbelievable - the hope
was
to prejudice Western readers against any further revelations from
Belgrade or
Steve and Mavis Pratt.
Honor thy Satellite Phone
Four months later, Yugoslavia released Pratt and Wallace. In a dispatch
at
the time, the Australian news agency, AAP, explained that Yugoslav
border
guards had found:
...detailed maps, a satellite telephone and a laptop computer in their
car
when Pratt and Wallace tried to cross into Croatia.
Shouldn't this information have been presented as top news in April? It
was
not. Instead the media engaged in more preventive damage control.
Consider
this from the AAP on April 15th:
CARE Australia worker Steve Pratt, who is being held as a spy in
Yugoslavia,
would have collected some military information, his former boss said
today.
But it would only have been to help CARE's planning and would not have
been
given to any outside body, Tony McGee said...
Mind boggling, isn't this? Why on earth would CARE routinely gather
military
information? The article goes on:
Mr. McGee, like Mr. Pratt a former Australian army officer, said he
never
took any interest in military installations or troop movements except to
the
extent that they might affect CARE's safety and operations.
Are all these guys ex-Army officers? Doesn't CARE recruit any regular
folks?
And what about McGee's suggestion that by recruiting (supposedly) former
Army
officers CARE insures its employees will take no "interest in military
installations or troop movements except to the extent that they might
affect
CARE's safety and operations."
In case people are not convinced that military men would never take an
interest in military matters, Mr. McGee adds:
In any event, satellites could provide much better information than
anything
aid workers on the ground could gather.
So Pratt was certainly no spy because former military officers just
don't
have the military curiosity needed for spying and even if he was a spy
the
information he would gather would be of minor use. Doesn't this sound
more
and more like a) Pratt was a spy and b) all these guys knew it?
What is the point of McGee's statement? The only explanation I can
suggest
is: CARE officials knew Pratt was carrying incriminating equipment and
descriptions of troop movements when he was arrested; there was a danger
the
Yugoslavs would make this incriminating evidence public; McGee was
trying to
immunize the public beforehand. And once again, the media provided a
willing
PR forum.
Pratt, Critic of NATO (?)
Here's an AAP headline from April 12th:
Ex Army Major no spy say CARE colleagues
This article tells Pratt's life story, official version. We are told he
spent
years in the army where he worked in supply until at the request of
former
Australian Prime Minister and CARE Chairman Malcolm Fraser, he joined
CARE.
He what?
How comes an ordinary Army major to be recruited by a Prime Minister?
Isn't
this in itself a bit suspicious?
The AAP asks no embarrassing questions.
The article goes on to claim that Pratt:
also criticized the NATO bombing, and publicly attacked the destruction
of a
CARE-run refugee camp which killed nine people.
This is intended to prove Pratt's even-handedness. See? He criticizes
NATO.
(More evidence of his innocence.)
But consider Pratt's actual comments, recorded on March 29 in an AAP
Internet
Bulletin. He's talking about the NATO bombing of refugees who were
living in
abandoned Army barracks:
"I suspect the centers had been located very close to military targets.
The
report that I am getting that they have probably been caught up in some
sort
of collateral thing," Mr. Pratt said. The refugees killed were believed
to
include women and children who were ethnic Serb refugees who fled Bosnia
during the 1995 conflict.
"They were not directly hit, they don't seem to have been deliberately
targeted."...He said the center where eight refugees were confirmed
killed
had been located 60km southwest of the city of Nis in an old army
barracks
consisting of barracks of wooden huts. But two of the nine buildings had
been
damaged, including one which was burned down, when NATO hit a warehouse
about
100 meters away. "I believe (the damage) was accidental..."
Another refugee had been confirmed killed in Kosovo's capital of
Pristina in
a refugee center close to police headquarters. "Again this was a refugee
center too close to a NATO target. I suppose this is the way things are
in
war but it is extremely sad," he said.
Is Pratt "publicly attacking" NATO for the "destruction of a CARE-run
refugee
camp?" Or is he in fact excusing NATO of any criminal responsibility?
Why do you say 'Preposterous' Mr. Downer?
Two days after Pratt confessed on Yugoslav TV, The Guardian (London)
reported
that:
The Serbian government's claim that two Australian aid workers missing
for 14
days were gathering intelligence has been dismissed as 'preposterous' by
the
Australian foreign minister, Alexander Downer. (The Guardian(London)
April
13, 1999)
Imagine you told your neighbor your wooden house was on fire and he
replied:
"Preposterous!"
Of course, you could be wrong - but preposterous?
How could Downer possibly be sure?
Australian Foreign Minister Downer's statement demonstrates his desire,
in
the absence of supporting evidence, to prove Pratt was innocent. This
puts
Downer in good company: Tapp, McGee, Doolan the AP, the AAP and the mass
media in general were all trying to convince the public that Pratt was
innocent. The Guardian could have contributed to news gathering by
questioning Downer: "How can you be sure? Why is everyone so anxious to
prove
the Yugoslavs are lying? Could this be a pre-emptive strike aimed at
preventing people from believing future Yugoslav revelations about
CARE's
involvement in spying?"
But the Guardian asked no such questions. Apparently they wanted to
prove
Pratt was innocent too.
Dishonor Thy Mother Some More
While most of the world had no idea Major Pratt's mother had nailed him
in
the Sunday Telegraph, the word got around in Australia. Hence the
following
bit of damage control published by the AAP on April 12th:
CARE Australia emergency coordinator Brian Doolan personally guaranteed
Mr.
Pratt was not spying when they worked together in Iraq from 1993 to
1995. Mr.
Doolan criticized Sydney's Sunday Telegraph reporters for speaking to
Mr.
Pratt's mother, Mavis Pratt, who told the newspaper: "He was letting the
UN
know what Iraq was doing, he was observing, so Iraq put a price on his
head
and they had to get him out of there quickly."
The newspaper's story was groundless, Mr. Doolan said. The elderly Mrs.
Pratt
was confronted through the fly-screen door by two young women saying
they
wanted to help her son, he said.
"They (the reporters) seemed to have spun a bit of line and she's given
them
bits of information, potted information, that she knows about Steve's
experience overseas," he said.
Huh? Has Downer actually proven anything here?
Forget Thy Mother and Ditto Thy Satellite Phone!
Apparently this was sufficient to eliminate mom because by April 26, in
a
story on the Pratt/Wallace affair (the news stories generally left out
Mr.
Jelen since he was only a Yugoslav) Time actually printed the following
sentence:
How the two aid workers came to be accused of spying has mystified their
families and friends.
Isn't this amazing?
Yes, one might argue, but perhaps 'Time' didn't know about the Mrs.
Pratt's
statement...
I find that hard to believe. Since they were writing a story about
Australians accused of spying, wouldn't the 'Time" reporters read what
the
Australian press (not the mention the AP) had published concerning the
arrests? How could they not know about Mavis Pratt's statement?
But let us concede, for the sake of argument, that Time didn't know.
The AAP certainly did know. After Pratt and Wallace were released in
September, the AAP published a story that tried to explain the
supposedly
irrational Yugoslav conviction that the men were spies. In it, the AAP
admitted that:
Serb authorities had intercepted Pratt's reports on troop movements,
but added that these reports:
were designed to help Aid agencies, not NATO's air strikes.
How could anyone think otherwise? the Yugoslav authorities must be
paranoid.
AAP adds:
There were other allegations that Pratt spied on Iraq for the United
Nations
while he was working there for CARE Australia.
These "other allegations" were the ones raised by Mrs. Pratt. Does the
AAP
see fit to mention her name? It does not. Instead it goes on to answer
the
anonymous allegations:
...the Army said Pratt had never undertaken intelligence work during his
military career...
Do you find this convincing? If Pratt was a spy would you expect the
Australian Army to admit it?
Arguments like this have no merit as arguments. If you isolate them from
the
larger text, they look ridiculous. But within the context of a barrage
of
propaganda, they do have an effect. Here's how it works:
The AAP and other Western media take meaningless statements that sound
like
arguments. They put this empty babble in the appropriate place for real
arguments. They string several such arguments together and they do this
over
and over again and in this way, by heaping one pro-establishment
pseudo-argument on top of another (though never offering real evidence)
the
reader is trained into a sort of glaze, thought dissipates, the proper
impression is planted and lingers.
Filing for ethical bankruptcy
The AAP story closes with an amazing statement. Referring to Peter
Wallace,
who had just been released along with Steve Pratt, the article states
that:
His family, like Pratt's, were shocked when he was accused of being a
spy.
(Our emphasis. AAP General News, Sept. 2, 1999)
Is it unreasonable to suggest that CARE, the mass media and the
Australian
government had fashioned a convenient cover story and Mrs. Pratt
statement
did not fit, so it was edited out?
Here is the hyperlink to the SBS TV show:
http://www.sbs.com.au/dateline/transcript.html
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---
> STOP NATO: ¡NO PASARAN! - HTTP://WWW.STOPNATO.HOME-PAGE.ORG
>
> World Socialist Web Site www.wsws.org
> The CARE-OSCE connection in Kosovo
> New information on the case of two jailed Australian aid workers
> By Mike Head
> 9 February 2000
> A current affairs program on the Australian government's Special
> Broadcasting Services television network last week shed some further
> light on Yugoslavia's detention of two CARE aid workers last year. Steve
> Pratt and Peter Wallace were arrested with two carloads of computer
> files, a satellite telephone and other communications equipment when
> they tried to cross into Croatia from Serbia last March 31—just seven
> days after the US-NATO bombing of the country began.
> The SBS Dateline program belatedly disclosed two pieces of new
> information. The first was that CARE had a contract with the government
> of Canada, a NATO member, to recruit a team of monitors in Kosovo before
> the bombing. Under the arrangement, CARE Canada received $A32.2 million
> from CIDA, Canada's official aid agency, to select and put in place 60
> members of an Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
> monitoring force. CARE paid the observers and provided them with
> orientation briefings, medical services and administrative backup.
> Strictly speaking, the contract was with CARE Canada, but CARE
> Australia, as CARE's lead agency in Yugoslavia, approved it. In fact,
> Pratt, who was CARE International's country director in the former
> Yugoslavia, personally helped set up the operation. He accompanied CARE
> Canada's chief John Watson on a week-long tour when Watson arrived to
> establish the operation.
> Dateline cited an unnamed OSCE source stating that the data collected by
> the monitors was supplied to NATO, but not, as was supposed to happen,
> to Yugoslavia. The program also interviewed CARE Canada's chief John
> Watson and Stephen Wallace from CIDA who admitted that ex-military
> people and others "with experience in combat zones" were recruited for
> the operation. In other words, Pratt was directly linked to a network
> full of ex-military personnel sending reports to NATO.
> The second revelation came in an interview with CARE Australia chairman
> Malcolm Fraser, a former prime minister. Fraser admitted that the
> material that the two CARE workers tried to take across the border
> contained information on troop movements, tank positions and minefields.
> Fraser confirmed that the documents included "situation reports" written
> by Pratt in "military language".
> When the CARE workers were detained, on suspicion of spying or passing
> on information that aided the NATO bombing, the Australian government,
> opposition politicians and the media denounced the arrests as an
> "outrage" and condemned the Yugoslav regime of Slobodan Milosevic. For
> weeks on end, headlines and editorials accused the Belgrade
> administration of using innocent humanitarian workers as political
> pawns.
> As CARE's chief spokesman, Fraser was at the centre of the campaign. He
> loudly protested the complete innocence of the CARE staff, enlisting the
> support of dignitaries from UN Secretary General Kofi Annan to South
> African President Nelson Mandela. Fraser was appointed a Special Envoy
> of the Howard government and eventually travelled to Belgrade to seek
> the prisoners' release.
> The propaganda campaign only intensified when it was revealed that Pratt
> had been a Major in the Australian army, as well as a one-time election
> candidate for the conservative Liberal Party. It also emerged that he
> had previously worked for CARE in such sensitive locations as Rwanda and
> had apparently been forced to flee Kurdistan, in northern Iraq, as a
> suspected spy. The media barrage continued unabated even when the
> Yugoslav court decided not to rely upon Pratt's televised confession,
> broadcast on Yugoslav TV, that he had "performed some intelligence tasks
> in this country, using the cover of CARE Australia". The court
> ultimately dismissed the spying charges but convicted the pair of lesser
> offences of passing information to a foreign organisation.
> Now Fraser has admitted that he and other CARE officials knew all along
> of highly incriminating evidence. Fraser claimed that he was not told
> about the Canadian contract until after Pratt and Wallace were detained.
> Nevertheless, as soon as he found out he insisted that the media
> suppress all mention of it. Dateline itself acknowledged that it had
> known of the Canadian contract since last June but did not report the
> information for seven months at Fraser's request.
> The significance of the Canadian contract can only be understood by
> examining the true role of the OSCE monitoring operation. The Dateline
> program depicted it as a "peace-monitoring" effort that had been agreed
> to by the Yugoslav authorities. In fact, the Milosevic regime was forced
> to allow the OSCE to send 2,000 civilian monitors under the direct
> threat of NATO bombing, as well as crippling economic sanctions. Under
> an agreement imposed by US diplomat Richard Holbrooke on October 20,
> 1998, Milosevic pledged to withdraw Yugoslav security forces from
> Kosovo, where they had been sent earlier in 1998 to combat units of the
> Albanian separatist Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA).
> The monitors had nothing to do with peace. They were to be deployed to
> police Yugoslavia's compliance with the agreement, backed by NATO
> surveillance flights. A NATO rapid reaction force was to be assembled to
> intervene in the event of a breach by Serbia.
> Given the circumstances, it is inconceivable that the monitors did not
> include intelligence officers and agents. To the Serbian authorities
> this was obvious. Interviewed by Dateline, Deputy Information Minister
> Miodrag Popovic stated: "We knew all along about their intelligence
> activities. We knew all along about the real purpose of the OSCE mission
> and that was to justify later NATO aggression."
> Appointed to head the OSCE force was William Walker, a US diplomat who
> was previously implicated in the Nicaraguan Contra affair in the 1980s.
> As a deputy to the Reagan administration's Assistant Secretary of State
> Elliott Abrams, Walker was involved in illegally supplying weapons to
> the Contras who were seeking to overthrow the Sandinista government.
> The Milosevic-Holbrooke agreement provided the conditions for similar
> "dirty tricks" activity in Kosovo. The KLA, which had been suffering
> heavy losses at the hands of the Yugoslav army, was given the
> opportunity it needed to regroup, obtain fresh military equipment and
> step up its campaign to drive all Serbs from Kosovo.
> As fighting flared between Serbian and KLA units, the OSCE monitors
> claimed to have evidence of widespread Serbian atrocities. Walker was at
> the centre of the main incident used to trigger the NATO bombing—the
> alleged killings of 45 Kosovar peasants by Serbian forces in the village
> of Racak on January 15, 1999. When the bodies were discovered, Walker
> was the first observer on the scene and immediately declared that there
> had been a Serbian massacre. On-the-spot reports in the French press,
> however, suggested that the 45 could have been KLA fighters killed in
> violent clashes with Serb units near the village the day before.
> Racak, and the subsequent withdrawal of OSCE observers, provided the
> pretext for the Paris and Rambouillet conferences of February and March
> 1999 where the "Contact Group" of six nations demanded that Milosevic
> sign an Accord granting autonomy to Kosovo. Appendix B of the Accord
> required a full NATO occupation of Yugoslavia, also in the name of
> ensuring compliance. Milosevic refused to sign, objecting to the blanket
> infringement of Yugoslav's sovereignty, and the NATO bombing commenced
> just six days later.
> In his interview, Fraser defended the OSCE operation but said that "with
> hindsight" it was a mistake for CARE to have participated in it,
> blurring CARE's humanitarian mission. In another part of the interview,
> which has received no comment in the media, he said the Rambouillet
> conference was used to prepare for war. "It was the West's decision to
> go to war, not Yugoslavia's and when I say the West's decision, there is
> a great deal of evidence to say that Rambouillet was organised to
> provide an excuse to go to war and I say that quite clearly and
> deliberately," he said.
> Fraser's remarks provoked something of a storm within CARE. At one
> point, CARE's publicity manager Antony Funnell interrupted Fraser's
> interview, insisting that the CARE contract was with CIDA, not the
> Canadian government. Fraser responded furiously with a string of
> rebukes. "Do not interrupt when I am being interviewed and do not ever
> interrupt again," he thundered at one point. "Do you understand?"
> Canadian CARE's John Watson told Dateline that Fraser's objections
> flowed from a "traditional" view of aid activity, whereas CARE Canada
> had "a more progressive view of humanitarian work". When Fraser
> criticised CARE Australia's national director Charles Tapp for not
> objecting to the Canadian contract, Tapp responded by saying there were
> similar Australian government contracts with many aid organisations in
> Bougainville, East Timor and Indonesia.
> Aid agencies are used for such intelligence-gathering activities because
> they can place personnel on the ground in volatile areas where other
> observers would be under suspicion and scrutiny. As Pratt's record
> shows, their staffs often feature seasoned military operatives. Direct
> state funding of aid agencies to undertake such activities is a growing
> trend, as is overall dependence on government coffers. The Australian
> Council for Overseas Aid estimates that in 1998 government sources
> provided one-third of the $218 million raised by its affiliates.
> As limited as the SBS material was, it pointed to a number of unanswered
> questions about the CARE affair. Why was CARE asked to set up part of
> the OSCE monitoring force? What data did the OSCE compile and how was it
> used in the lead-up to the NATO bombing? What information did Pratt and
> his colleagues collate and to whom was it sent? Did their reports
> continue during the first week of the NATO onslaught?
> This week, Four Corners, a flagship current affairs program on the other
> government-funded TV network, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation,
> attempted to divert public attention away from the SBS revelations.
> Instead of a serious investigative examination of the new evidence, it
> devoted its weekly timeslot to lengthy, uncritical and sympathetic
> interviews with Pratt and Wallace. Every effort was made to pull on
> viewers' heartstrings. With a tender and commiserating expression,
> interviewer Liz Jackson dwelt on their traumatic experiences in
> detention, and their personal feelings. The SBS material was barely
> mentioned, and only at the end of the 45-minute program.
> Jackson did not ask either Pratt or Wallace any of the obvious
> questions. Exactly what part did Pratt play in setting up and running
> the Canadian contingent of the OSCE operation? Why did Pratt keep
> detailed records of military movements? Why did he and Wallace stay in
> Yugoslavia after the bombing commenced and then seek to leave Serbia
> with two carloads of extremely sensitive material, including reports
> associated with the OSCE operation?
> One new piece of information emerged showing that Pratt was no ordinary
> ex-army officer. Among the documents found in his possession was his
> military record of service between 1969 and 1992, revealing that before
> he left the army he had been appointed second-in-command of the United
> Nations Military Observer Team, on standby to deploy to the former
> Yugoslavia.
> Rather than report and examine the documents carried by Pratt and
> Wallace, which have never been released to the public, Four Corners
> quoted just three snippets. In one, Pratt reported that "fighting
> continues in the strategically important area of Podujevo". In a
> situation report, he wrote: "Significant government forces, backed by
> about 12 VJ (army) heavy tanks and armoured cars, launched operations
> against known KLA strong points recently established in Podujevo." Both
> clearly relate to military operations, not aid work.
> The third report, dated March 27, 1999, indicates that Pratt continued
> to send information to NATO-linked sources throughout the first week of
> bombing. "People are regularly moving into and out of air-raid shelters
> in the late afternoons and nights" in Belgrade, he reported, describing
> the tension in the city as "very high".
> In his interview, Wallace claimed not to have known that Pratt had these
> reports with him when they tried to leave the country. "What we should
> have done before we'd gone out was sanitise the files, that is, to take
> out anything that might be provocative," he suggested. The information,
> he admitted, "wasn't strictly relevant to a humanitarian operation and
> our need to know where the security risks were".
> Asked why he thought the material was there, Wallace paused awkwardly
> before saying: "Er, oh well, it's, um, just Steve's mistake". Suddenly
> the interview switched back to Pratt, who blithely declared that he was
> "comfortable" with the reports he had compiled.
> Much remains hidden about the Pratt-Wallace affair, and not just in
> Australia. Nothing has appeared in the Canadian press about the
> CARE-OSCE connection. In both countries, and elsewhere around the world,
> aid agencies such as CARE continue to attract donations and support,
> mounting considerable advertising campaigns to portray themselves as
> purely humanitarian organisations.
> Having had unwelcome attention drawn to the links between aid agencies
> and the intelligence services, considerable official and media effort is
> being made to prevent serious questions being asked. But what has
> emerged already is a high-level coverup, led by Fraser and the
> Australian government, assisted by the media, to suppress the facts
> about the use of CARE for intelligence gathering in the Balkans.
>
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
NELL'ORGANIZZAZIONE "UMANITARIA" CARE
Nelle scorse settimane sono emersi approcci tra la sezione australiana
della ONG transnazionale "CARE" ed i servizi segreti militari canadesi
(il Canada e' membro della NATO), questi ultimi interessati ad inserirsi
nelle operazioni di CARE nella RF di Jugoslavia.
Queste rivelazioni fanno seguito ad altre vicende squallide che hanno
coinvolto CARE in passato: citiamo ad esempio i legami tra la missione
CARE in Somalia ed i marines USA presenti nella citta' di Baidoa alla
fine del 1992; l'arresto al confine jugoslavo di alcuni membri di CARE
Australia (uno dei quali reo confesso) accusati di lavorare per la NATO
durante i bombardamenti del 1999; nonche' gli strani rapporti tra CARE e
la OSCE-na missione dell'OSCE nella provincia jugoslava del Kosmet, con
la quale venne preparato il terreno ai suddetti bombardamenti...
(Le altre ONG ed organizzazioni "Umanitarie" da noi analizzate in
passato: Medici senza Frontiere; Human Rights Watch)
---
HUMANITARIAN SPIES
by Jared Israel
WWW.TENC.NET (or WWW.EMPERORS-CLOTHES.COM)
It appears there are two types of Humanitarian Aid organizations in the
New
World Order: Them That Steals and Them That Spies. For the thieves, see
Soiled Rainbow at www.emperors-clothes.com/articles/martinez/soiled.htm
. If
you are interested in spies and the liars who cover up their work, stay
here.
I have been doing research on the CARE spy scandal for several days. It
is a
Labor of Sisyphus. No sooner does one think one has dug up all there is
to
dig then one encounters (if you will pardon the mixed metaphor) more
dirt
rolling down the hill. CARE has been compromised by this mess, but not
only
CARE. Also the Australian government, the US government, the OSCE
(Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe) and the Western
mass
media. Perhaps the Western mass media worst of all.
On Nov 2, SBS TV in Australia revealed that CARE Canada had been
recruiting
what amounted to spies for NATO in Yugoslavia.
I've posted the hyperlink to the SBS CARE story below. It's worth
reading.
But before you look at the transcript, I suggest you read the background
material because in some ways it's more revealing than the TV show, more
damning. As happens often, when Western journalists uncovered this
cover-up,
they didn't uncover it all.
Spies or Victimized Aid Workers?
On March 31, 1999, three employees of CARE Australia, Steve Pratt, an
Australian who headed the Yugoslav operation, Peter Wallace, another
Australian, and Branko Jelen, a Yugoslav, were arrested at the
Serbian-Croatian border. Yugoslavia charged them with using CARE as a
cover
to spy for NATO.
CARE Australia officials ridiculed the charges, claiming CARE was
completely
neutral and that the confession of Steve Pratt, aired on Serbian TV,
could
only have resulted from coercion. Western mass media supported CARE,
presenting the men as Good Samaritans whose only crime was being in the
wrong
place at the wrong time and falling victim to Serbian paranoia and war
propaganda. CARE had clean hands...
Or did it?
Now comes a TV show, broadcast Nov. 2 by SBS in Australia. It reveals
that
CARE recruited and paid OSCE (Organization for Security and Cooperation
in
Europe) Verifiers in Kosovo from Oct. 1998 to March 1999. That much is
uncontested.
As you will see when you read the transcript, some CARE people justify
the
OSCE recruiting program on the grounds that the Verifiers were
legitimate
peacemakers. Alas, this simply does not wash.
Goals of the Kosovo Verification Mission
'Negotiated' (that is, 'coerced') under threat of NATO bombing last
October,
the Verification agreement let the OSCE send unarmed mediators into
Kosovo,
supposedly to help defuse tensions. However everything about the
Verification
mission suggests military intelligence, not mediation.
It was run by William Walker. Walker had no background as a mediator. He
wasn't even an expert in Balkans history or current politics. What he
did
know about was counter-insurgency and black ops. His role in Iran-Contra
and
his achievements in apologizing for the murderous El Salvador death
squads
all but prove he is a high-placed intelligence operative. (A factual
account
of Mr. Walker's work in Central America will be posted on
Emperors-Clothes as
soon as possible. In the absence of that account, which we have not had
time
yet to lay out, let me say these facts are uncontested. Period.)
The U.S. verification team was composed of employees of Dyncorp, a
Virginia
company that has grown rich off Government work. At the 1992 Senate
hearings
on R. James Woolsey's appointment as head of the CIA, Woolsey commented:
"I
own less than one-quarter of one percent of the -- diluted shares of a
company named Dyncorp here in the Washington, D.C. area. And the
corporation
has, from time to time, had a handful of very small contracts with the
Central Intelligence Agency." Ahh, sweet understatement. Dyncorp's "very
small contracts" have included covert work in Columbia and Peru. (Facts
on
this will be posted shortly on Emperors-clothes. Again, it is all
documented). In the case of Dyncorp's work in Columbia, the Clinton
administration was accused of using Dyncorp to circumvent human rights
restrictions on US aid to the death-squad-ridden Colombian military.
So what do we have? We have the head of the Verification mission and his
American team linked to covert operations and death squad activities in
Latin
America. Other than that, they have no qualifications for their work in
Kosovo.
Given this command structure, doesn't it stand to reason that the
Western
(i.e., U.S.) goal was a) to gather military intelligence and b) to
establish
command-relations with the Kosovo Liberation Army, an outfit whose
activities
- killing ethnic Serbian civilians and ethnic Albanian "collaborators"
as
well as employees of the Serbian state such as policemen, power line
repairmen, school officials, Yugoslav troops and even state-employed
wood
gatherers - whose activities are very much like those of Latin American
death
squads?
Indeed, isn't it reasonable to guess that the tactical similarity
between the
KLA and the Latin American death squads may result from their having had
the
same (US) advisors?
In any case this was the Verification Mission for which CARE Canada was
recruiting. Not only recruiting, but also apparently paying the
recruits'
salaries.
Even the Western press has virtually admitted that Walker & Co. were
spies.
Consider the following from the LA Times:
His [i.e., William Walker's] postings include a stint in Honduras from
1980
to 1982, when the Central American country was Washington's secret
conduit
for weapons and other support to right-wing Contras fighting to
overthrow the
Sandinistas in neighboring Nicaragua.
He also served as chief of the U.S. Embassy's political section in El
Salvador, another Central American hot spot, from 1974 to 1977, and
later as
the country's U.S. ambassador from 1988 to 1992. As a diplomat in
countries
so high on Washington's national security agenda, Walker couldn't help
knowing something about spying, said John Pike, a defense analyst at
Washington's Federation of American Scientists. "Those are front-line
postings where he would have unavoidably developed an acquaintance with
the
capabilities and limitations of intelligence sources and methods," Pike
said
from Washington. And it would be surprising if Walker's team of
ex-military
and other experts came to verify Kosovo's cease-fire without equipment
to
listen in on radio communications, Pike said. "Put it this way: They
would be
idiots if they weren't doing that," he added. "What are they going to
do,
read about it in the paper the next day?"( LA Times, Jan. 20, 1999, our
emphasis)
The Amazing Story of Mr. Pratt, Mr. Wallace and Mr. Jelen
So we had a neutral, Humanitarian Aid organization (CARE) recruiting
Verifiers, that is spies, for a Kosovo Mission run by CIA types. Shortly
after the Mission ended and NATO began bombing Yugoslavia, three of the
Humanitarian CARE employees were arrested for spying.
That was on March 31. At first CARE officials claimed they were not sure
of
the three men's whereabouts. Then, on April 11, Steve Pratt appeared on
Serbian Television, RTS. Here's the actual text of the RTS broadcast, as
transcribed by the BBC:
[Announcer] Through coordinated action, the security bodies of the
Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia have smashed a network of agents headed by Major
Steve
Pratt. The named person had been gathering intelligence on the movement
of
our military and police forces under the cover of the Care International
humanitarian organization before the aggression on our country, and,
during
the aggression, on the effects of the bombing.
[Pratt, recording in English with passage by passage Serbo-Croatian
translation] My name is Steve Pratt. I was born in 1949. I was born in
Australia and I am the citizen of Australia. Before I came to
Yugoslavia, I
worked in northern Iraq, Yemen, Zaire, Rwanda, and Kenya for the
humanitarian
organization Care of Australia.
When I came to Yugoslavia, I performed some intelligence tasks in this
country by using the cover of Care Australia. My concentration was on
Kosovo
and some effects of the bombing. I misused my Yugoslavian citizen staff
for
the acquisition of information. I realize that damage was done this
country
by these actions, for which I am greatly sorry. I always did and still
do
condemn the bombing of this country.
[Television footage shows Pratt sitting in a chair and making the
statement;
TV also shows Pratt's passport; there are no visible signs of physical
mistreatment of Pratt] (BBC, April 13, 1999)
The Western media presented a negative view of the RTS broadcast. One AP
report April 12th was headlined, "TV pictures of aid worker's spy
confession
fuzzy: Tapp". In the story Australian CARE chief Charles Tapp dismissed
the
RTS broadcast because Pratt was shown in profile, because it was
impossible
to see his eyes and because his confession was not very specific. (He
said
"confession" should be put in "immense inverted commas".) An Agence
France
Presse story on the 12th was headlined "Yugoslavs forced our man to
confess
to spying."
Amidst this reporting, which amounted to anti-Yugoslav propaganda, the
real
story was simply ignored by most of the media; where it was covered it
was
scornfully dismissed.
That story, which broke April 11th in the Australian Sunday Telegraph,
quoted
Steve Pratt's mother, Mrs. Mavis Pratt, concerning Pratt's past
activities. I
have not been able to see a copy of the Sunday Telegraph story.
Fortunately a
few sentences are quoted in a few places. One is an AP dispatch issued
hours
after the Sunday Telegraph report. According to the AP, Mrs. Pratt told
the
Telegraph that her son had worked for CARE in Iraq:
''He was letting the U.N. know what Iraq was doing, he was observing, so
Iraq
put a price on his head and they had to get him out of there quickly.''
In other words, he had been a spy.
Dishonor Thy Mother
How might one expect CARE executives to have responded to Pratt's
confession
and Mrs. Pratt's statement?
CARE presents itself as a politically neutral, humanitarian
organization.
Doesn't that suggest CARE leaders should have adopted a cautious,
neutral
approach? Perhaps said they have nothing but respect for the arrested
men and
established a fund legal expenses? Wouldn't any other approach
compromise
their neutrality and raise questions about their motives?
And what about the mass media? Since governments do employ spies, since
to be
effective, spies have to have some kind of cover, wouldn't it make sense
to
present the story in a factual manner and not use journalistic
techniques to
sway public opinion?
CARE and the media lash out at Yugoslavia
Let's look at the April 11 AP story, starting with the headline. The
headline
may be the only thing one reads and even if one reads further, the
headline
colors one's view of the rest.
What sort of headline would logically go with this story? Maybe
something
like:
Mom Says Arrested CARE worker Spied Before
Instead, AP chose:
CARE says Serbian spying 'confession' obtained under duress
This is a very strong statement. By making it the headline, AP lent it
credibility. Did it deserve such credibility?
The RTS broadcast with Pratt's confession had just been aired. What
could
Charles Tapp or anyone else at CARE actually have known about this case?
If Pratt had told them he was a spy, they would know. But if Pratt was a
spy
and told nobody, how could they have known?
Therefore Tapp's denial is either a) a lie (because he knew Pratt was a
spy
and therefore denied it) or b) pure speculation (because he had no way
of
knowing whether Pratt was innocent or guilty.)
So what's the point of the headline? By using the phrase "obtained under
duress" the headline creates a picture in the reader's mind - of threats
and
torture. Though the body of the article offers no factual basis for this
charge, the headline has a powerful impact.
Note that 'CARE' is not a person but an organization; how can CARE 'say'
anything? By quoting 'CARE' instead of a CARE executive, the AP story
capitalizes on Westerners' impression of CARE, the organization:
neutral,
selfless, honorable. A CARE spokesman might lie - but 'CARE' itself?
Never.
Compounding the Question
Note that by jumping to the question of how the confession was obtained
(supposedly 'under duress') the AP story gives the (false) impression
that
Pratt's innocence is an established fact.
The sleight of hand technique used here is similar to the compound
question.
A familiar example: "Do you still beat your wife?" The use of the very
aggressive "do you still" obscures the fact that the main charge is
unproven:
we have not been shown that you ever beat your wife. Similarly here, by
stressing the manner in which the (allegedly) false confession was
obtained
(that is, "under duress") the headline obscures the fact that we have
been
shown no evidence the confession was false.
Let's move onto the first paragraph in the article:
The aid agency CARE Australia on Monday said its field worker Steve
Pratt's
alleged spying confession broadcast by Serbian television was made under
duress.
This is just a repeat of the headline. Bad journalism, unless they want
us to
learn this statement by rote. Will there be a quiz?
Here's paragraph two:
CARE and the Australian government demanded immediate access to Pratt
and his
colleague, Peter Wallace, who were detained by Yugoslav authorities
March 31
after they left Belgrade for Montenegro to help refugees.
Still not quoting actual people, the AP adds a second institution, the
Australian government, by way of additional confirmation. The Yugoslav
offense is so great, all institutions are speaking out.
Moreover, by telling us these institutions have "demanded immediate
access to
Pratt" and Wallace, the article suggests Yugoslavia is denying such
access.
This in turn suggests the Yugoslavs must have something to hide - such
as
evidence that Pratt has been beaten. Note that there is no effort, here
or
elsewhere in the article, to discuss the normal procedure for allowing
access
to men accused of spying for a group of nations who are, in grave
violation
of international law, bombing your country.
The paragraph also includes the statement that the arrested man had been
arrested after they:
left Belgrade for Montenegro to help refugees. (My emphasis)
How could the AP possibly know why Pratt, Wallace and Jelen had left
Belgrade? Couldn't they have left to spy elsewhere? Or to escape
detection?
By asserting their humanitarian motives without evidence, the article
strengthens the reader's impression that the men are innocent.
A little further down, a CARE official is cited by name for the first
time:
CARE Australia's emergency coordinator, Brian Doolan, said threats may
have
been made against local staff or against Wallace to extract the
confession.
(My emphasis)
'May have been made.' Two thoughts on this: a) Doesn't the use of 'may'
completely contradict the headline and first paragraph, which have
'CARE'
(speaking as if it were a person) saying the confession WAS obtained
under
duress and b) isn't it true that it is always possible that a confession
'may' have been extracted based on threats?
Since by this point we've been told several times that Pratt was forced
to
confess, I would bet many readers wouldn't notice the use of "may".
The article continues as follows:
Doolan said the claims made against Pratt were ''absolute lunacy.''
If Pratt "may" (which suggests 'may not') have confessed under duress,
why is
Doolan sure the charges are lunacy? The AP ignores this obvious
contradiction. Nor does it try to bring some balance to the story by
talking
to someone from the Yugoslav side, for example a Yugoslav security
official.
Such a person might ask: "Since it's obvious that Mr. Pratt could be a
spy
without Mr. Doolan knowing, how can Mr. Doolan be so sure the charges
are
lunacy?"
And so the article continues for eight (8) more paragraphs,
strengthening the
impression that Pratt must be innocent until we get to the end, where
Mrs.
Pratt is quoted. But readers are not permitted to judge Mrs. Pratt's
words
for themselves; they are given a good deal of help by CARE Australia
chief
executive Charles Tapp who is quoted before and after Mrs. Pratt who
attacks
the charge that Pratt had previously spied against Iraq, attacks the
newspaper that covered it, and even tries to discredit Mrs. Pratt (her
sin is
being old). Here's how it reads:
...[CARE chief executive Tapp] rejected the suggestion that they [i.e.
the
arrested CARE workers] were acting for any other organization in any
capacity.
Speaking from the Yugoslavia-Croatia border, Tapp also slammed a
newspaper
report in which Pratt's mother, Mavis Pratt, was quoted as saying her
son had
supplied information about Iraqi forces to the United Nations during the
Gulf
War.
''He was letting the U.N. know what Iraq was doing, he was observing, so
Iraq
put a price on his head and they had to get him out of there quickly,''
she
[Mrs. Pratt] was quoted as saying.
Tapp said Mrs. Pratt was elderly and added, ''Frankly, I consider this
to be
extremely poor journalism.'' (AP Worldstream April 11, 1999; Sunday
22:06
Eastern Time )
When you think of it, the quote from Mrs. Pratt is the only news in this
entire news story. The rest is intended to give us a proper news
orientation.
The AP is evidently anxious to guarantee that readers approach the
arrests
with the preconception that Pratt and the others are innocent. Why?
As for CARE officials - their statements are suggestive. Consider: Pratt
confessed on April 11th. The Sunday Telegraph printed Mrs. Pratt's
statement
the next day and within hours AP broadcast furious denials from CARE
officials. How could these officials be so sure so fast? Why would they
react
without taking time to investigate and discuss the matter, including
privately with Yugoslav officials? Doesn't such a hasty and violent
response
suggest that:
Pratt et al were indeed spies;
Tapp and Doolan were fully aware that Pratt, Wallace and Jelen were
spies
because they were themselves involved in organizing such spying;
CARE officials were therefore worried that Yugoslav officials or, worse
yet,
Pratt or Wallace, might go public with more revelations, might expose
high-level CARE (and Australian government?) involvement, might talk
about
CARE spying in other countries, and so on. Thus it was crucial
immediately
(on Sunday!) to discredit the arrests and especially the public
confession.
By planting the thought that the confession was made 'under duress' and
'was
lunacy' and that Mrs. Pratt's own statement was unbelievable - the hope
was
to prejudice Western readers against any further revelations from
Belgrade or
Steve and Mavis Pratt.
Honor thy Satellite Phone
Four months later, Yugoslavia released Pratt and Wallace. In a dispatch
at
the time, the Australian news agency, AAP, explained that Yugoslav
border
guards had found:
...detailed maps, a satellite telephone and a laptop computer in their
car
when Pratt and Wallace tried to cross into Croatia.
Shouldn't this information have been presented as top news in April? It
was
not. Instead the media engaged in more preventive damage control.
Consider
this from the AAP on April 15th:
CARE Australia worker Steve Pratt, who is being held as a spy in
Yugoslavia,
would have collected some military information, his former boss said
today.
But it would only have been to help CARE's planning and would not have
been
given to any outside body, Tony McGee said...
Mind boggling, isn't this? Why on earth would CARE routinely gather
military
information? The article goes on:
Mr. McGee, like Mr. Pratt a former Australian army officer, said he
never
took any interest in military installations or troop movements except to
the
extent that they might affect CARE's safety and operations.
Are all these guys ex-Army officers? Doesn't CARE recruit any regular
folks?
And what about McGee's suggestion that by recruiting (supposedly) former
Army
officers CARE insures its employees will take no "interest in military
installations or troop movements except to the extent that they might
affect
CARE's safety and operations."
In case people are not convinced that military men would never take an
interest in military matters, Mr. McGee adds:
In any event, satellites could provide much better information than
anything
aid workers on the ground could gather.
So Pratt was certainly no spy because former military officers just
don't
have the military curiosity needed for spying and even if he was a spy
the
information he would gather would be of minor use. Doesn't this sound
more
and more like a) Pratt was a spy and b) all these guys knew it?
What is the point of McGee's statement? The only explanation I can
suggest
is: CARE officials knew Pratt was carrying incriminating equipment and
descriptions of troop movements when he was arrested; there was a danger
the
Yugoslavs would make this incriminating evidence public; McGee was
trying to
immunize the public beforehand. And once again, the media provided a
willing
PR forum.
Pratt, Critic of NATO (?)
Here's an AAP headline from April 12th:
Ex Army Major no spy say CARE colleagues
This article tells Pratt's life story, official version. We are told he
spent
years in the army where he worked in supply until at the request of
former
Australian Prime Minister and CARE Chairman Malcolm Fraser, he joined
CARE.
He what?
How comes an ordinary Army major to be recruited by a Prime Minister?
Isn't
this in itself a bit suspicious?
The AAP asks no embarrassing questions.
The article goes on to claim that Pratt:
also criticized the NATO bombing, and publicly attacked the destruction
of a
CARE-run refugee camp which killed nine people.
This is intended to prove Pratt's even-handedness. See? He criticizes
NATO.
(More evidence of his innocence.)
But consider Pratt's actual comments, recorded on March 29 in an AAP
Internet
Bulletin. He's talking about the NATO bombing of refugees who were
living in
abandoned Army barracks:
"I suspect the centers had been located very close to military targets.
The
report that I am getting that they have probably been caught up in some
sort
of collateral thing," Mr. Pratt said. The refugees killed were believed
to
include women and children who were ethnic Serb refugees who fled Bosnia
during the 1995 conflict.
"They were not directly hit, they don't seem to have been deliberately
targeted."...He said the center where eight refugees were confirmed
killed
had been located 60km southwest of the city of Nis in an old army
barracks
consisting of barracks of wooden huts. But two of the nine buildings had
been
damaged, including one which was burned down, when NATO hit a warehouse
about
100 meters away. "I believe (the damage) was accidental..."
Another refugee had been confirmed killed in Kosovo's capital of
Pristina in
a refugee center close to police headquarters. "Again this was a refugee
center too close to a NATO target. I suppose this is the way things are
in
war but it is extremely sad," he said.
Is Pratt "publicly attacking" NATO for the "destruction of a CARE-run
refugee
camp?" Or is he in fact excusing NATO of any criminal responsibility?
Why do you say 'Preposterous' Mr. Downer?
Two days after Pratt confessed on Yugoslav TV, The Guardian (London)
reported
that:
The Serbian government's claim that two Australian aid workers missing
for 14
days were gathering intelligence has been dismissed as 'preposterous' by
the
Australian foreign minister, Alexander Downer. (The Guardian(London)
April
13, 1999)
Imagine you told your neighbor your wooden house was on fire and he
replied:
"Preposterous!"
Of course, you could be wrong - but preposterous?
How could Downer possibly be sure?
Australian Foreign Minister Downer's statement demonstrates his desire,
in
the absence of supporting evidence, to prove Pratt was innocent. This
puts
Downer in good company: Tapp, McGee, Doolan the AP, the AAP and the mass
media in general were all trying to convince the public that Pratt was
innocent. The Guardian could have contributed to news gathering by
questioning Downer: "How can you be sure? Why is everyone so anxious to
prove
the Yugoslavs are lying? Could this be a pre-emptive strike aimed at
preventing people from believing future Yugoslav revelations about
CARE's
involvement in spying?"
But the Guardian asked no such questions. Apparently they wanted to
prove
Pratt was innocent too.
Dishonor Thy Mother Some More
While most of the world had no idea Major Pratt's mother had nailed him
in
the Sunday Telegraph, the word got around in Australia. Hence the
following
bit of damage control published by the AAP on April 12th:
CARE Australia emergency coordinator Brian Doolan personally guaranteed
Mr.
Pratt was not spying when they worked together in Iraq from 1993 to
1995. Mr.
Doolan criticized Sydney's Sunday Telegraph reporters for speaking to
Mr.
Pratt's mother, Mavis Pratt, who told the newspaper: "He was letting the
UN
know what Iraq was doing, he was observing, so Iraq put a price on his
head
and they had to get him out of there quickly."
The newspaper's story was groundless, Mr. Doolan said. The elderly Mrs.
Pratt
was confronted through the fly-screen door by two young women saying
they
wanted to help her son, he said.
"They (the reporters) seemed to have spun a bit of line and she's given
them
bits of information, potted information, that she knows about Steve's
experience overseas," he said.
Huh? Has Downer actually proven anything here?
Forget Thy Mother and Ditto Thy Satellite Phone!
Apparently this was sufficient to eliminate mom because by April 26, in
a
story on the Pratt/Wallace affair (the news stories generally left out
Mr.
Jelen since he was only a Yugoslav) Time actually printed the following
sentence:
How the two aid workers came to be accused of spying has mystified their
families and friends.
Isn't this amazing?
Yes, one might argue, but perhaps 'Time' didn't know about the Mrs.
Pratt's
statement...
I find that hard to believe. Since they were writing a story about
Australians accused of spying, wouldn't the 'Time" reporters read what
the
Australian press (not the mention the AP) had published concerning the
arrests? How could they not know about Mavis Pratt's statement?
But let us concede, for the sake of argument, that Time didn't know.
The AAP certainly did know. After Pratt and Wallace were released in
September, the AAP published a story that tried to explain the
supposedly
irrational Yugoslav conviction that the men were spies. In it, the AAP
admitted that:
Serb authorities had intercepted Pratt's reports on troop movements,
but added that these reports:
were designed to help Aid agencies, not NATO's air strikes.
How could anyone think otherwise? the Yugoslav authorities must be
paranoid.
AAP adds:
There were other allegations that Pratt spied on Iraq for the United
Nations
while he was working there for CARE Australia.
These "other allegations" were the ones raised by Mrs. Pratt. Does the
AAP
see fit to mention her name? It does not. Instead it goes on to answer
the
anonymous allegations:
...the Army said Pratt had never undertaken intelligence work during his
military career...
Do you find this convincing? If Pratt was a spy would you expect the
Australian Army to admit it?
Arguments like this have no merit as arguments. If you isolate them from
the
larger text, they look ridiculous. But within the context of a barrage
of
propaganda, they do have an effect. Here's how it works:
The AAP and other Western media take meaningless statements that sound
like
arguments. They put this empty babble in the appropriate place for real
arguments. They string several such arguments together and they do this
over
and over again and in this way, by heaping one pro-establishment
pseudo-argument on top of another (though never offering real evidence)
the
reader is trained into a sort of glaze, thought dissipates, the proper
impression is planted and lingers.
Filing for ethical bankruptcy
The AAP story closes with an amazing statement. Referring to Peter
Wallace,
who had just been released along with Steve Pratt, the article states
that:
His family, like Pratt's, were shocked when he was accused of being a
spy.
(Our emphasis. AAP General News, Sept. 2, 1999)
Is it unreasonable to suggest that CARE, the mass media and the
Australian
government had fashioned a convenient cover story and Mrs. Pratt
statement
did not fit, so it was edited out?
Here is the hyperlink to the SBS TV show:
http://www.sbs.com.au/dateline/transcript.html
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---
> STOP NATO: ¡NO PASARAN! - HTTP://WWW.STOPNATO.HOME-PAGE.ORG
>
> World Socialist Web Site www.wsws.org
> The CARE-OSCE connection in Kosovo
> New information on the case of two jailed Australian aid workers
> By Mike Head
> 9 February 2000
> A current affairs program on the Australian government's Special
> Broadcasting Services television network last week shed some further
> light on Yugoslavia's detention of two CARE aid workers last year. Steve
> Pratt and Peter Wallace were arrested with two carloads of computer
> files, a satellite telephone and other communications equipment when
> they tried to cross into Croatia from Serbia last March 31—just seven
> days after the US-NATO bombing of the country began.
> The SBS Dateline program belatedly disclosed two pieces of new
> information. The first was that CARE had a contract with the government
> of Canada, a NATO member, to recruit a team of monitors in Kosovo before
> the bombing. Under the arrangement, CARE Canada received $A32.2 million
> from CIDA, Canada's official aid agency, to select and put in place 60
> members of an Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
> monitoring force. CARE paid the observers and provided them with
> orientation briefings, medical services and administrative backup.
> Strictly speaking, the contract was with CARE Canada, but CARE
> Australia, as CARE's lead agency in Yugoslavia, approved it. In fact,
> Pratt, who was CARE International's country director in the former
> Yugoslavia, personally helped set up the operation. He accompanied CARE
> Canada's chief John Watson on a week-long tour when Watson arrived to
> establish the operation.
> Dateline cited an unnamed OSCE source stating that the data collected by
> the monitors was supplied to NATO, but not, as was supposed to happen,
> to Yugoslavia. The program also interviewed CARE Canada's chief John
> Watson and Stephen Wallace from CIDA who admitted that ex-military
> people and others "with experience in combat zones" were recruited for
> the operation. In other words, Pratt was directly linked to a network
> full of ex-military personnel sending reports to NATO.
> The second revelation came in an interview with CARE Australia chairman
> Malcolm Fraser, a former prime minister. Fraser admitted that the
> material that the two CARE workers tried to take across the border
> contained information on troop movements, tank positions and minefields.
> Fraser confirmed that the documents included "situation reports" written
> by Pratt in "military language".
> When the CARE workers were detained, on suspicion of spying or passing
> on information that aided the NATO bombing, the Australian government,
> opposition politicians and the media denounced the arrests as an
> "outrage" and condemned the Yugoslav regime of Slobodan Milosevic. For
> weeks on end, headlines and editorials accused the Belgrade
> administration of using innocent humanitarian workers as political
> pawns.
> As CARE's chief spokesman, Fraser was at the centre of the campaign. He
> loudly protested the complete innocence of the CARE staff, enlisting the
> support of dignitaries from UN Secretary General Kofi Annan to South
> African President Nelson Mandela. Fraser was appointed a Special Envoy
> of the Howard government and eventually travelled to Belgrade to seek
> the prisoners' release.
> The propaganda campaign only intensified when it was revealed that Pratt
> had been a Major in the Australian army, as well as a one-time election
> candidate for the conservative Liberal Party. It also emerged that he
> had previously worked for CARE in such sensitive locations as Rwanda and
> had apparently been forced to flee Kurdistan, in northern Iraq, as a
> suspected spy. The media barrage continued unabated even when the
> Yugoslav court decided not to rely upon Pratt's televised confession,
> broadcast on Yugoslav TV, that he had "performed some intelligence tasks
> in this country, using the cover of CARE Australia". The court
> ultimately dismissed the spying charges but convicted the pair of lesser
> offences of passing information to a foreign organisation.
> Now Fraser has admitted that he and other CARE officials knew all along
> of highly incriminating evidence. Fraser claimed that he was not told
> about the Canadian contract until after Pratt and Wallace were detained.
> Nevertheless, as soon as he found out he insisted that the media
> suppress all mention of it. Dateline itself acknowledged that it had
> known of the Canadian contract since last June but did not report the
> information for seven months at Fraser's request.
> The significance of the Canadian contract can only be understood by
> examining the true role of the OSCE monitoring operation. The Dateline
> program depicted it as a "peace-monitoring" effort that had been agreed
> to by the Yugoslav authorities. In fact, the Milosevic regime was forced
> to allow the OSCE to send 2,000 civilian monitors under the direct
> threat of NATO bombing, as well as crippling economic sanctions. Under
> an agreement imposed by US diplomat Richard Holbrooke on October 20,
> 1998, Milosevic pledged to withdraw Yugoslav security forces from
> Kosovo, where they had been sent earlier in 1998 to combat units of the
> Albanian separatist Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA).
> The monitors had nothing to do with peace. They were to be deployed to
> police Yugoslavia's compliance with the agreement, backed by NATO
> surveillance flights. A NATO rapid reaction force was to be assembled to
> intervene in the event of a breach by Serbia.
> Given the circumstances, it is inconceivable that the monitors did not
> include intelligence officers and agents. To the Serbian authorities
> this was obvious. Interviewed by Dateline, Deputy Information Minister
> Miodrag Popovic stated: "We knew all along about their intelligence
> activities. We knew all along about the real purpose of the OSCE mission
> and that was to justify later NATO aggression."
> Appointed to head the OSCE force was William Walker, a US diplomat who
> was previously implicated in the Nicaraguan Contra affair in the 1980s.
> As a deputy to the Reagan administration's Assistant Secretary of State
> Elliott Abrams, Walker was involved in illegally supplying weapons to
> the Contras who were seeking to overthrow the Sandinista government.
> The Milosevic-Holbrooke agreement provided the conditions for similar
> "dirty tricks" activity in Kosovo. The KLA, which had been suffering
> heavy losses at the hands of the Yugoslav army, was given the
> opportunity it needed to regroup, obtain fresh military equipment and
> step up its campaign to drive all Serbs from Kosovo.
> As fighting flared between Serbian and KLA units, the OSCE monitors
> claimed to have evidence of widespread Serbian atrocities. Walker was at
> the centre of the main incident used to trigger the NATO bombing—the
> alleged killings of 45 Kosovar peasants by Serbian forces in the village
> of Racak on January 15, 1999. When the bodies were discovered, Walker
> was the first observer on the scene and immediately declared that there
> had been a Serbian massacre. On-the-spot reports in the French press,
> however, suggested that the 45 could have been KLA fighters killed in
> violent clashes with Serb units near the village the day before.
> Racak, and the subsequent withdrawal of OSCE observers, provided the
> pretext for the Paris and Rambouillet conferences of February and March
> 1999 where the "Contact Group" of six nations demanded that Milosevic
> sign an Accord granting autonomy to Kosovo. Appendix B of the Accord
> required a full NATO occupation of Yugoslavia, also in the name of
> ensuring compliance. Milosevic refused to sign, objecting to the blanket
> infringement of Yugoslav's sovereignty, and the NATO bombing commenced
> just six days later.
> In his interview, Fraser defended the OSCE operation but said that "with
> hindsight" it was a mistake for CARE to have participated in it,
> blurring CARE's humanitarian mission. In another part of the interview,
> which has received no comment in the media, he said the Rambouillet
> conference was used to prepare for war. "It was the West's decision to
> go to war, not Yugoslavia's and when I say the West's decision, there is
> a great deal of evidence to say that Rambouillet was organised to
> provide an excuse to go to war and I say that quite clearly and
> deliberately," he said.
> Fraser's remarks provoked something of a storm within CARE. At one
> point, CARE's publicity manager Antony Funnell interrupted Fraser's
> interview, insisting that the CARE contract was with CIDA, not the
> Canadian government. Fraser responded furiously with a string of
> rebukes. "Do not interrupt when I am being interviewed and do not ever
> interrupt again," he thundered at one point. "Do you understand?"
> Canadian CARE's John Watson told Dateline that Fraser's objections
> flowed from a "traditional" view of aid activity, whereas CARE Canada
> had "a more progressive view of humanitarian work". When Fraser
> criticised CARE Australia's national director Charles Tapp for not
> objecting to the Canadian contract, Tapp responded by saying there were
> similar Australian government contracts with many aid organisations in
> Bougainville, East Timor and Indonesia.
> Aid agencies are used for such intelligence-gathering activities because
> they can place personnel on the ground in volatile areas where other
> observers would be under suspicion and scrutiny. As Pratt's record
> shows, their staffs often feature seasoned military operatives. Direct
> state funding of aid agencies to undertake such activities is a growing
> trend, as is overall dependence on government coffers. The Australian
> Council for Overseas Aid estimates that in 1998 government sources
> provided one-third of the $218 million raised by its affiliates.
> As limited as the SBS material was, it pointed to a number of unanswered
> questions about the CARE affair. Why was CARE asked to set up part of
> the OSCE monitoring force? What data did the OSCE compile and how was it
> used in the lead-up to the NATO bombing? What information did Pratt and
> his colleagues collate and to whom was it sent? Did their reports
> continue during the first week of the NATO onslaught?
> This week, Four Corners, a flagship current affairs program on the other
> government-funded TV network, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation,
> attempted to divert public attention away from the SBS revelations.
> Instead of a serious investigative examination of the new evidence, it
> devoted its weekly timeslot to lengthy, uncritical and sympathetic
> interviews with Pratt and Wallace. Every effort was made to pull on
> viewers' heartstrings. With a tender and commiserating expression,
> interviewer Liz Jackson dwelt on their traumatic experiences in
> detention, and their personal feelings. The SBS material was barely
> mentioned, and only at the end of the 45-minute program.
> Jackson did not ask either Pratt or Wallace any of the obvious
> questions. Exactly what part did Pratt play in setting up and running
> the Canadian contingent of the OSCE operation? Why did Pratt keep
> detailed records of military movements? Why did he and Wallace stay in
> Yugoslavia after the bombing commenced and then seek to leave Serbia
> with two carloads of extremely sensitive material, including reports
> associated with the OSCE operation?
> One new piece of information emerged showing that Pratt was no ordinary
> ex-army officer. Among the documents found in his possession was his
> military record of service between 1969 and 1992, revealing that before
> he left the army he had been appointed second-in-command of the United
> Nations Military Observer Team, on standby to deploy to the former
> Yugoslavia.
> Rather than report and examine the documents carried by Pratt and
> Wallace, which have never been released to the public, Four Corners
> quoted just three snippets. In one, Pratt reported that "fighting
> continues in the strategically important area of Podujevo". In a
> situation report, he wrote: "Significant government forces, backed by
> about 12 VJ (army) heavy tanks and armoured cars, launched operations
> against known KLA strong points recently established in Podujevo." Both
> clearly relate to military operations, not aid work.
> The third report, dated March 27, 1999, indicates that Pratt continued
> to send information to NATO-linked sources throughout the first week of
> bombing. "People are regularly moving into and out of air-raid shelters
> in the late afternoons and nights" in Belgrade, he reported, describing
> the tension in the city as "very high".
> In his interview, Wallace claimed not to have known that Pratt had these
> reports with him when they tried to leave the country. "What we should
> have done before we'd gone out was sanitise the files, that is, to take
> out anything that might be provocative," he suggested. The information,
> he admitted, "wasn't strictly relevant to a humanitarian operation and
> our need to know where the security risks were".
> Asked why he thought the material was there, Wallace paused awkwardly
> before saying: "Er, oh well, it's, um, just Steve's mistake". Suddenly
> the interview switched back to Pratt, who blithely declared that he was
> "comfortable" with the reports he had compiled.
> Much remains hidden about the Pratt-Wallace affair, and not just in
> Australia. Nothing has appeared in the Canadian press about the
> CARE-OSCE connection. In both countries, and elsewhere around the world,
> aid agencies such as CARE continue to attract donations and support,
> mounting considerable advertising campaigns to portray themselves as
> purely humanitarian organisations.
> Having had unwelcome attention drawn to the links between aid agencies
> and the intelligence services, considerable official and media effort is
> being made to prevent serious questions being asked. But what has
> emerged already is a high-level coverup, led by Fraser and the
> Australian government, assisted by the media, to suppress the facts
> about the use of CARE for intelligence gathering in the Balkans.
>
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
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>
> TRIBUNALE ITALIANO CONTRO I CRIMINI DELLA NATO IN JUGOSLAVIA
> SEDUTA INAUGURALE
>
> LA VIOLAZIONE DEL DIRITTO INTERNAZIONALE E DELLA COSTITUZIONE E DELLE LEGGI
> ITALIANE.
>
> ROMA - 25 FEBBRAIO 2000
> LIBRERIA DE IL MANIFESTO - ORE 17.00
> VIA TOMACELLI
>
> INTERVENGONO
> RANIERO LA VALLE - COMITATO DIFESA DELLA DEMOCRAZIA INTERNAZIONALE
> GABRIELE CERMINARA - MAGISTRATO
> GIUSEPPE MATTINA - AVVOCATO
> PASQUALE VILARDO - AVVOCATO
> ALDO BERNARDINI - DOCENTE UNIVERSITARIO DIRITTO
> INTERNAZIONALE
> PER INFORMAZIONI : s.deangelis@... pona@...
--
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
------------------------------------------------------------
> TRIBUNALE ITALIANO CONTRO I CRIMINI DELLA NATO IN JUGOSLAVIA
> SEDUTA INAUGURALE
>
> LA VIOLAZIONE DEL DIRITTO INTERNAZIONALE E DELLA COSTITUZIONE E DELLE LEGGI
> ITALIANE.
>
> ROMA - 25 FEBBRAIO 2000
> LIBRERIA DE IL MANIFESTO - ORE 17.00
> VIA TOMACELLI
>
> INTERVENGONO
> RANIERO LA VALLE - COMITATO DIFESA DELLA DEMOCRAZIA INTERNAZIONALE
> GABRIELE CERMINARA - MAGISTRATO
> GIUSEPPE MATTINA - AVVOCATO
> PASQUALE VILARDO - AVVOCATO
> ALDO BERNARDINI - DOCENTE UNIVERSITARIO DIRITTO
> INTERNAZIONALE
> PER INFORMAZIONI : s.deangelis@... pona@...
--
--------- COORDINAMENTO ROMANO PER LA JUGOSLAVIA -----------
RIMSKI SAVEZ ZA JUGOSLAVIJU
e-mail: crj@... - URL: http://marx2001.org/crj
http://www.egroups.com/group/crj-mailinglist/
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